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나노유체를 이용한 열 및 물질전달 특성 : a review
이강일(Kang Il Lee),김현준(Hyun Jun Kim),정진희(Jin-hee Jung),강용태(Yong Tae Kang) 대한설비공학회 2006 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.11
This paper reviews heat and mass transfer characteristics in nanofluids in the areas of preparation of nanofluids, distribution stability, thermal conductivity, convection heat transfer and boiling heat transfer. It was found that the thermal conductivity increased with increasing the concentration of nano particles and the shape and the size of the nano particles would play important role in heat transfer enhancement of the nanofluids. It was also found that the experimental and analytical results in the thermal conductivity, convection heat transfer and boiling heat transfer were not consistent, therefore it is suggested that a general model and consistent experimental results be developed. It is also suggested that the direct relationship between the thermal conductivity enhancement and heat transfer enhancement be clarified by experimental and analytical results.
RAW 264.7 세포에서 Heme Oxygenase-1 발현 유도를 통한 송절(松節) 약침액의 항염증 효능
이강파 ( Kang Pa Lee ),문진영 ( Ji Young Moon ) 대한경락경혈학회 2012 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.29 No.1
Objectives : The gnarl of Pinus densiflora, called Songjeol in Korea, has been used as a medicinal herb for the treatment of inflammatory-related diseases such as arthralgia, myalgia and bruise. However, the molecular actions and mechanisms have not been clearly investigated. The aim of this study was to clarify the anti-inflammatory activity of Pinus densiflora gnarl pharmacopuncture (PDGP) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Methods : Cytotoxicity was assessed by XTT assay. The amount of nitric oxide (NO) production was determined by nitrite assay. The mRNA expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were analyzed by RT-PCR. Reactive oxidative species (ROS) generation was measured using the fluorescence microscopy. In addition, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and redox factor-1 (Ref-1) protein expressions were detected by Western blotting. Results : PDGP inhibited NO production and ROS generation in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. At the mRNA level, PDGP suppressed IL-1β, IL-6 and COX-2 expression. On the other hand, PDGP induced HO-1 mRNA expression. Furthermore, PDGP suppressed iNOS and Ref-1 protein expression. Conclusions : This result suggests that PDGP can act as a suppressor agent on NO and iNOS through induction of HO-1, and play an useful role in blocking inflammatory responses.
이강성(Kang-Sung Lee) 한국고용노사관계학회 2009 産業關係硏究 Vol.19 No.1
이 논문은 실제 임금협상에서 노사 협상대표자들의 인지적 틀을 긍정적 혹은 부정적으로 형성하는 데 미치는 영향 요인들을 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과, 협상대표자들의 인지적 틀의 영향 요인은 노사 양측이 서로 다르다는 것을 발견하였다. 사용자측 협상대표자들의 인지적 틀은 주로 임금관련 요인, 노조측 요인, 그리고 기업측 요인 등 복합적 요인의 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 비해 노조측 협상대표자의 인지적 틀은 임금관련 요인보다는 경영층의 노조관이나 노무관리 합리성, 협상에 있어 사용자 대표성 등과 같은 기업측 특성요인과 노조의 성향에 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 협상대표자들의 긍정적인 인지적 틀 형성을 통해 협상의 효율성을 높이기 위해서는 노사 양측의 서로 다른 이해와 욕구를 정확히 파악하고 이를 충족시키는 것이 중요하다는 시사점을 제공해 주고 있다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that affect negotiator’s frame using data collected from management and labor negotiators involved in actual wage negotiations. The results showed that the factors affecting the frames of management and labor union negotiators were different. Those factors affected management negotiators’ frame were a mix of wage-related, union-related, and management-related factors. On the other hand, all the management-related factors and union characteristics were significant in determining labor negotiators’ frames. Understanding and satisfying the differences of their interests and needs are crucial ways to increase the effectiveness of negotiation through the positive frames of both management and union negotiators.
李康吉(Lee Kang-Gil) 역사실학회 2004 역사와실학 Vol.27 No.-
This thesis is to define the systems of the Chungcheong Provincial Army which have been relatively neglected in the study of the late period of the Joseon Dynasty. Recently, the study of the Army system of the late period of the Joseon Dynasty has been focused chiefly on the study of the central army. This is because the local magistrates had escaped before the king sought shelter during the Japanese invasion(壬辰倭亂) in Korea during 1592. The support of government to the local army was very poor because the peaceful period had been continuous for a long time. The upbringing of the local army which was mainly for protection against foreign invasion was neglected too. In the past, the study of the local anny was relatively poor, but nowadays studies of regional history are beginning to appear, and more study is now being carried out. However, despite of the studied accomplishment of the late period of the Joseon Dynasty military system, the study of the Chungcheong Army is still, overall very poor. Even though there are some accomplishments in this field, most of all these had been carried out in brief. To meet the recent study trend, this thesis is to deal with the Chungcheong Army Headquarters during the late period of the Ioseon Dynasty, a field which has not been developed yet. The Headquarters of the Chungcheong Army was original1y located in Haemi(海美) near the West Sea(西海) for defense of Japanese pirates(倭寇). After the Japanese invasion(壬辰倭亂) and Ch’ing(丙子胡亂), the importance of Cheongju(淸州) was emphasized as it was strategic post located at the intersection of Hoseo(湖西) and Youngnahm(嶺南) areas. As such the Headquarters moved to Cheongju(淸州) as it was judged advantageous for protecting the Capital from rebellion Accordingly, the official rank (poomgy e : 品階) of the Chungcheong army's supreme commander was raised and Sangdangsanseong(相黨山城) was attached to complement the Army. In the 41st year of Youngjo’s(英祖) reign, the total number of Chungcheong provincial soldiers was increased about 20,000 soldiers more than that of 20 years before. So the burden of the military duty was increased too. Due to this, a lot of abuse of the people's duty took place. In this study, chronicles such as Joseonwangjosillok(朝鮮王朝實錄), Bibyeonsadeungrok(備邊司謄錄), and Seungjeongwonilgi(承政院日記), the town magazine including Sejongsillokjiriji(世宗實錄地理志), and the books which are preserved in Kyujanggak(奎章閣) are to be examined. The establishment, the structure, the formation, and the functional realities of the Chungcheong Army are to be dealt with based upon the military system of the J oseon dynasty and related studies. This thesis is to analyze how the Chungcheong Provincial Army developed according to the political chaoses and economic changes. In the future, more and more historical materials should be revealed ; the case study of the local army system of the late period of Joseon dynasty should be continued ; and the work should achieve progress.
저장조건에 따른 기능성표시제도가 도입된 검은콩 선식 제품의 식이섬유 및 칼슘 함량 변화 관찰
이강표,인예원,임지현,이옥환,이부용,Kang-Pyo Lee,Ye-Won In,Ji-Hyun Im,Ok-Hwan Lee,Boo-Yong Lee 한국식품위생안전성학회 2023 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.38 No.4
본 연구에서는 검은콩 선식 및 기능성 표시 검은콩 선식의 저장온도(25℃, 35℃, 50℃) 및 저장기간(0개월, 6개월, 12개월)에 따른 식이섬유 및 칼슘함량 변화를 관찰하였다. 이후 Arrhenius 반응식을 통해 품질한계기한을 산출하여 소비기한을 예측하였다. 식이섬유 분석 결과 BS 및 BSN 모두 저장 12개월에서 저장초기에 비해 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 이는 저장 중 선식에 함유된 phytate의 분해로 인하여 양이온이 방출되고, 양이온은 pectic acid와 Middle Lamella에서 새로운 가교결합을 형성하여 결과적으로 저장 중 식이섬유 함량이 증가될 수 있다. 반면에 BS와 BSN의 칼슘함량은 저장기간에 따라 감소하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 품질한계기한을 예측한 결과 BS 15.65 개월, BSN 28.34 개월 이었으며, 난소화성 말토덱스트린 및 젖산칼슘을 첨가한 검은콩 선식을 제조하였을 때 기능성 표시 제도를 도입할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 품질한계기한을 연장시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.