동중국해 외대륙붕해역 니질퇴적물의 지화학적 특성

윤정수,변종철,김여상 한국지구과학회 2006 韓國地球科學會誌 Vol.27 No.2

To investigate the provenance of outer-shelf mud patch in the East China Sea, the geochemical compositionswere analyzed and compared with those of Chinese rivers sediments. The mud sedimentary facies are distributed in thecentral region and sandy mud facies are also widely distributed around the study area. The major elements (Fe, Mg, K,Ti, and Mn) show strong positive correlation with Al, and trace elements also indicate the same characteristics; hence,clay minerals are likely to be the promising host for those elements. The high concentration of Fe, Ti, and Mn elementsare found in the western middle part near the Changjiang estuary, indicating that it seems to result from the influence ofthe Changjiang River. Elemental ratios including Sc/Al, Ti/Nb, Th/Sc, Cr/Th, Nb/Co, and Th/U were thus used asthat most of the sediment in the northern part are originated from the Huanghe River, while the muddy sediments in thewestern part near the Changjiang estuary might come from the Changjiang River, suggesting that the outer-shelf muddysediments of East China Sea are originated from diverse sources.......... muddy sediment, geochemical composition, provenance, East China Sea. . : .... .... ... .... ...... .... ... .. .. ...... .... ......... , . ... .. . ... .... ... .. ... ... . .... ...... .. .... 동중국해 외대륙붕 지역에 분포하는 니질퇴적상의 기원지를 밝히기 위해 이곳 니질퇴적물의 지화학적 조성을 분석하였으며, 그 결과를 황하 및 양자강 퇴적물의 자료와 비교 검토해 보았다. 연구지역 표층퇴적상은 니토 퇴적상이 분포하는 중앙부지역과 사질니토 퇴적상이 전역에 넓은 분포를 보인다. 퇴적물내 Fe, Mg, K, Ti 및 Mn과 같은 주성분 원소와 미량원소 함량은 Al과 높은 정의 상관관계를 보여 퇴적물내 점토광물이 이들 원소 농도에 영향을 주고 있음을 의미한다. 주성분원소들의 공간분포에서 Fe, Ti 및 Mn원소는 양자강하구역과 가까운 중앙부 서쪽지역에서 높은 함량을 보여 양자기원 물질이 유입되고 있음을 추론케 한다. 연구지역 니질퇴적물의 Sc/Al, Ti/Nb, Th/Sc, Cr/Th, Nb/Co 및 Th/U 비는 황하와 양자강 기원의 퇴적물을 구분해주는 유용한 지화학적 지시자로 제시될 수 있었다. 이들 원소의 상관 도에서 연구지역의 북쪽에 분포하는 니질퇴적물은 황하기원 퇴적물과 유사한 특징을 보이나, 양자강 하구역과 가까운 남서쪽의 퇴적물은 양자강 퇴적물과 유사성을 보여 동중국해 외대륙붕의 니토 퇴적상은 복합기원 퇴적물의 집적되고 있음을 의미한다.

Semi-Pressure Driven Analysis와 Harmony Search를 이용한 상수관망 최적 누수탐지 기법 제안

윤정수,유도근,이호민,김중훈,Yoon,Jung Soo,Yoo,Do Guen,Lee,Ho Min,Kim,Joong Hoon 한국방재학회 2012 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.12 No.3

상수도 시스템의 유지관리에 있어 유수율 제고는 필수적이며, 이를 위해서는 능동적인 누수관리가 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 수리해석 시뮬레이션과 최적화 기법을 결합한 최적누수탐지 기법을 새롭게 제안하였다. 상수관망 수리해석 기법으로는 불확실성이 큰 수두와 유출량 관계식 (Head Outflow Relationship, HOR)을 사용하지 않고도 실제적인 누수모의가 가능한 Semi-Pressure Driven Analysis (Semi-PDA) 모형을 적용하였다. 상수도 관망해석 프로그램인 EPANET2의 에미터 (Emitter) 기능을 활용하여 Semi-PDA 모형을 구축하였으며, 에미터 계수의 최적화를 통해 누수위치를 결정하였다. 최적화 기법으로는 국내에서 개발되어 다양한 분야에 적용된 바 있는 화음탐색법을 사용하였다. 제안된 기법을 예제관망에 적용하여 분석한 결과, 누수위치를 효율적으로 탐색하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 최적화 기법에 있어 화음탐색법과 유전자알고리즘의 결과를 비교하였을 경우 본 연구에서 적용된 화음탐색법이 보다 정확한 결과를 도출하였으며, 실측자료 감소에 따른 누수지점 탐지의 불확실성 증가량이 유전자알고리즘에 비해 적게 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 제안된 기법은 기존의 현장 대응의 경험적 누수탐지 기법을 대체할 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 특히 스마트워터그리드 (Smart Water Grid)와 같은 미래의 능동적 물 관리 환경을 위한 제반기술의 하나로 활용이 가능하다. During maintenance and managing of water distribution systems, reducing water losses is a critical component. To achieve reduction of water losses, active leakage management is required. In this study, we propose optimal leakage detection model, which is the combination of simulation of hydraulic analysis and optimization technique. Through the use of hydraulic analysis method can able to achieve in creating a real-life based Semi-Pressure Driven Analysis (Semi-PDA) model without having to use the highly uncertain Head Outflow Relationship (HOR) is applied. EPANET2 created a model of emitter coefficient`s optimization, and it decides leakage location. For optimization technique, Harmony Search (HS) is applied that was developed in Korea and has been used in various cases recently. When we apply proposed method to sample network, it practically searches the leakage location. Especially, in optimization technique, we have a research of comparing the results of Harmony-Search (HS) and Genetic-Algorithm (GA); HS` result is more accurate. Also we verify that increasing of leakage location detection uncertainty by decreasing of number of observed data is less than GA. Therefore, suggested technique can be substituted to existing experiential leakage detection method. Therefore, this basic technology can be used as future proactive water resource management environment like Smart Water Grid.

The Runoff Uncertainty Caused by the Mismatch between the Radar Rain Rate and the Topographical Information Data

윤정수,최정호,유철상,김경준 대한토목학회 2016 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.20 No.2

Matching the location of the input data, such as the radar rain rate and the topographical information data, is very important in the rainfall-runoff process. If the radar rain rate and the topographical information data have different coordinate systems, the locations of the two types of data will not match. Moreover, the wind effect hinders the matching of the locations of the radar rain rate and the topographical information data. In this study, the runoff uncertainty caused by the mismatch between the radar rain rate and the topographical information data with respect to the horizontal drift distance was quantified. As a result, when the horizontal drift distance of the water drop observed at altitude of 1.5 km was 1 km, the location mismatch between the radar rain rate and the topographical information data produced a total volume error of 3.88±6.13% in the 95% confidence interval, a peak flow error of 3.14±6.33%, and a peak time error of 0.34±1.22%. When the horizontal drift distance increased to 4 km, the error of total volume, peak flow, and peak time increased to 7.52±10.27%, 5.96±10.90%, 3.27±23.48%, respectively.

제주시 삼대 하천지대의 지질구조와 지형발달

윤정수,손인석 제주대학교 해양연구소 1991 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.15 No.-

玉房重石鑛床의 成因에 關한 硏究 : 特히 南部鑛體에 對하여

윤정수 연세대학교 대학원 1979 원우론집 Vol.7 No.1

제주남방해역 표층퇴적물의 특성

윤정수,고기원 한국해양학회 1987 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.22 No.3

Sedimentological characteristics of the surface sediments in the southern sea off Cheju Island are described from analyses of bottom sediments. The sediments are subdivided into seven textural classes, muddy sand, slightly gravelly muddy sand, sand, clayey sand, sandy clay, sandymud, silty sand. Sand-size sediments are distributed in the southeastern part and/or around the Island, whereas sandy and muddy sediments are mainly distributed in the central and southern parts of the study area. A small portion of mud patch is located in the southwestern part of the area. According to the textural parameters analysis, sediments in the study area are poorly sorted(av.2.52 ), positive skewed(av.1.61 ), leptokurtic(av.1.74 ), transported by saltation and/or suspension, and roundness of quartz is varied from angular to surrounded, which suggesting that the depositional environment is not simple. The calcium carbonate content is on the average 26.99%, and commonly abundant in sand-size sediments, whereas organic matter content in the bulk sediment is on the average 6.70% and usually dominant in fine-grained sediments.Light minerals consist of quartz(av56.01%),Na-Ca feldspar(av.6.15%),K-feldspar(av.9.22%) and rock fragments(av28.11%).The contect onquartz and K-feldspar increases continuously away from the Cheju Island. As a result of geochemical analysis,concentrations of the elements are as follow:Zn:19.42-43.52 ppm (av.30.67ppm),Mn:50-304 ppm(av139.39ppm),Cr:3.54-10.68ppm(av6.50ppm),Pb:5.52-41.68ppm(av.15.60ppm), Co:7.08-14.68ppm (av.10.78ppm),Ni:19.70-42.42ppm(av.29.57ppm),Cu:3.14-9.12ppm(av.5.14ppm),Fe:0.48-2.08% (av1.22%),Ca:0.32-13.16%(av6.60%),Al:0.06-0.08%(av.0.27%),Mg:0.12-0.76%(av.0.53%)na:0.11-0.51%(av.0.36%) Ag:0.48-4.08ppm(av.1.22ppm).Among these elements,the content of Zn,Cu,Cr,Mn,Fe,Al,Mg,Pb and Na increase toward the southwestern area,while the content of Ca and Ag SHOWS the reversed distribution trend.Such a distribution pattern seems to imply that spatial distrivution of heavy metals is closely related to the variation in grain size. X-ray diffractogram show that the minerals in clay from the southwestern mud patch are illite ,chlorite, kaolinte,feldspar and calcite.The bulk of illite in th mud zone is believed to be originated from Huanghe and Yangytze River.The mud patch in this region contains the diagnostic calcite peak,and the concentration of Ca,ni,Pb,Ag are similar to Huanghe type,which indicates that the greater part of these clay fractions may have been derived from the Huanghe River.

제주도 서남해역의 해저퇴적물 특성

윤정수,김성복,고기원,Youn, Jeung-Su,Kim, Soung-Bok,Koh, Gi-Won 한국해양학회 1989 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.24 No.3

A total of 83 surface sediments and 55 sea water samples, collected from the southwestern sea of Cheju Island, were analyzed in order to understand their textural characteristics, geochemical composition and the clay mineralogical features. The sediments were subdivided into ten textural classes, namely clayey sand, slightly gravelly muddy sand, sandy clay, clay and mud. The coarse and fine-grained mixed sediments are distributed in the northern part and around the Island, whereas the fine-grained deposits are mainly distributed in the central and southern parts of the study area; small scale mud patches are distributed in the southwestern and northern parts of Cheju Island. The high concentration of total suspended matter in study area gradually increase toward the southwestern and northwestern offshore area. The concentration of geochemical elements is as follow: the content of Mn, Al, Zn, Cr, Cu and Sn increase toward the southern part which is covered mainly with fine-grained deoposits, whereas the content of Ca, Mg and Ag is higher in the northern area; the elements such as Ni, Na, Fe and Pb are more concentrated relatively in muddy deposits rather than in sandy sediments. The light minerals such as Na-Ca feldspars show a high content around the Socotra Rock, toward the Soheugsan and Cheju Islands, but the K-feldspars are relatively high around the Cheju Island. It was noticed that the provenance of these sediments is partly influenced by the geological characteristics near the island. X-ray diffractogram for clay minerals from the southeastern mud patch and around the Soheugsan Island shows the diagnostic calcite peak indicating that the greater part of these clay fraction may have been derived from present and ancient Hwangho River. The high concentration of smectite in the northern part near the Cheju and around the Soheugsan Islands, eastern side of Socotra Rock probably result from supplies smectite altered from volcanic materials distributed in the Cheju Island and Socotra Rock, whereas the samples near the Chuja and northern parts of the Cheju Island contain weak calcite peak and high concentration of kaolinite and chlorite which is closely related to the geolgical characteristics on the adjacenting land area.

공공부문의 정보기술 아키텍처 구축 방안: 서울시 사례를 중심으로

윤정수,김성근,홍정만 LGCNS 엔트루정보기술연구소 2004 Entrue Journal of Information Technology Vol.3 No.1

Salvage lymphadenectomy for the retrocrural lymph node in the recurrent cervical cancer using 3 dimensional CT angiography

윤정수,홍대기,( Tomoyasu Kato ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.102 No.-

Background: For the treatment of metastatic lesions in recurrent cervical cancer, surgical resection is attempted in order to reduce tumor burden and increase response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, surgical resection is not easy due to the irregular pattern of metastasis and metastasis to places that are hard to access. We need more anatomical information about the metastatic lesions to achieve a clear surgical resection. Case Presentation: We report a case of salvage lymphadenectomy for an isolated metastatic lesion in the para-aortic lymph node in a 53-year old woman with a history of cervical cancer initially treated by radical hysterectomy. Preoperative 3 dimensional CT angiography showed the huge retrocrural metastatic lymph node with clear visualization and demarcation of the lesion. A more than 10 cm sized metastatic lesion was located behind the vena cava, aorta and left kidney encompassing the left renal artery and lumbar arteries. The metastatic lymph node was excised clearly with left nephrectomy. On histologic examination, the tumor invaded into the renal pelvis of the left kidney. Conclusion: Compared with conventional imaging techniques, 3 dimensional CT angiography can more clearly visualize the lesions. Three dimensional CT angiography provides a useful anatomical information such as the exact size and location with clear visualization and demarcation.

범부처 이중편파레이더의 강우 추정 향상을 위한 경험적 방법의 적용

윤정수,석미경,남경엽,박종숙 한국수자원학회 2016 한국수자원학회논문집 Vol.49 No.7

기상청, 국토교통부 및 국방부는 각 기관의 특성에 맞게 기상, 수문 및 항공 관측용 레이더를 운영하고 있다. 2015년까지 국내에는 총 8대의 이 중편파레이더(백령도, 용인테스트베드, 진도, 면봉산, 비슬산, 소백산, 모후산, 서대산 레이더)가 도입되어 운영되고 있다. 레이더를 운영 중인 세 개 부처는 관측목적이 달라 레이더에 대한 운영방식, 자료 처리 방식 및 활용 방안 등에서 서로 많은 차이를 보여 왔으며 이러한 차이는 각 부처에서 운영하는 레이더 자료의 정확도가 달라지게 하는 원인이 되고 있다. 이에, 세 부처는 2010년 “기상-강우 레이더 자료 공동 활용에 관한 합의서”를 체결하고, 서로 다른 부처에서 생산된 모든 레이더 자료를 공동 활용하는 체계를 마련하였다. 범부처 이중편파레이더 자료의 합성을 위해서는 부처 별 레이더 간의 정확도가 서로 유사해야한다. 서로간의 정확도가 다른 상태에서 레이더 강우 자료를 합성하게 된다면 공간적으로 품질이 다른 합성 강우장이 생산될 수밖에 없다. 이에 본 연구에서는 범부처 이중편파레이더 강우량의 정확도 향상과 통합을 위해 2015년도에 용인테스트베드 레이 더에서 시행되었던 경험적 방법을 이용하였다. 그 결과 2015년 5월부터 10월까지의 백령도, 비슬산 및 소백산 레이더 자료에 대한 강우량 정확도 (1-NE)가 70% 수준으로 향상되었다. 또한 레이더 편파변수 조절 전에는 정확도가 30∼60%까지 넓은 범위를 보이고 있으나 조절 후 65~70% 로 그 범위가 줄어들었다. Three leading agencies under different ministries - Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) in the ministry of Environment, Han river control office in the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT) and Weather Group of ROK Air Force in the Ministry of National Defense (MND) - have been operated radars in the purpose of observing weather, hydrology and military operational weather in Korea. Eight S-band dual-pol. radars have been newly installed or replaced by these ministries over different places by 2015. However each ministry has different aims of operating radars, observation strategies, data processing algorithms, etc. Due to the differences, there is a wide level of accuracy on observed radar data as well as the composite images made of the cross governmental radar measurement. Gaining fairly high level of accuracy on radar data obtained by different agencies has been shared as a great concern by the ministries. Thus, “an agreement of harmonizing weather and hydrological radar products” was made by the three ministries in 2010. Particularly, this is very important to produce better rainfall estimation using the cross governmental radar measurement. Weather Radar Center(WRC) in KMA has been developed an empirical method using measurements observed by Yongin testbed radar. This study is aiming to examine the efficiency of the empirical method to improve the accuracies of radar rainfalls estimated from cross governmental dual-pol. radar measurements. As a result, the radar rainfalls of three radars (Baengnyeongdo, Biseulsan, and, Sobaeksan Radar) were shown improvement in accuracy (1-NE) up to 70% using data from May to October in 2015. Also, the range of the accuracies in radar rainfall estimation, which were from 30% to 60% before adjusting polarimetric variables, were decreased from 65% to 70% after adjusting polarimetric variables.