브로일러와 주령이 다른 산란 성계육의 육질 및 가공적성

백기호(Ki Ho Baek),이승규(Seung Gyu Lee),Dicky Tri Utama,안병기(Byoung Ki An),이성기(Sung Ki Lee) 한국가금학회 2017 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.44 No.1

본 연구는 6주령 브로일러(Arbor Acre)와 함께 70, 95주령 산란 성계(Hy-line)의 가슴육과 다리육을 이용해 주령에 따른 산란 성계육의 육질특성 및 가공적성을 브로일러와 비교·평가하여 원료육으로서의 가치를 구명하고자 실시하였다. 브로일러는 생육과 유화물에서 우수한 보수력 및 유화안정성을 보였으며, 관능평가에 있어서 높은 점수를 받았다. 성계육 내에서 연령이 증가할수록 조직감이 질긴 특성을 보였으나, PUFA/SFA 및 n-6/n-3 지방산 조성이 유사하고, 가열육에 대한 관능검사 결과, 연령에 따른 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, 생육과 유화물에서의 가열감량과 수분손실이 유사하여 가공육의 원료로서 95주령 성계육이 70주령의 성계육과 동등한 수준의 이용성을 지닌 것으로 판단할 수 있었다. This study was conducted to identify the quality and functional properties of meat and meat batter among commercial broilers and two different ages of spent layers. Breast and whole leg meat samples were prepared from the broilers and spent layers to compare meat quality traits: Commercial broiler (Arbor Acre; 6-week-old) and two different ages of spent layers (Hy-Line; 70 and 95-week-old). Three types of meat batters containing breast meat as 50% of total ingredients were also prepared to analyze processing qualities. The broiler showed the highest water holding capacity (p<0.05) and the lowest cooking loss value (p<0.05) in both meat and meat batter samples. The breast and leg meat of the 95-week-old layers showed the highest shear force value (p<0.05), and also showed the highest shear force and hardness values in the meat batter. Although the oldest layer meat showed tougher textural traits than the 70-week-old layers, no significant differences were found for cooking loss and water loss values in both the meat and meat batter samples. Besides, panelists gave equivalent scores within different ages and parts of the cooked layer meats in the sensory evaluation. Similar ratios of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids, and omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids were obtained from both the 70-week-old layer and 95-week-old layer meats. In conclusion, the 95-week-old spent layers, especially for breast meat, had equivalent potential as raw materials for processed meat products compared to the 70-week-old layers.

오메가 3계열 지방산을 함유하는 사료의 급여가 육용 토종닭 계육 내 지방산 조성에 미치는 영향 탐색

오성택,전흥규,박정민,김진만,강창원,안병기,Oh, Sung-Taek,Jhun, Heung-Kyu,Park, Jung-Min,Kim, Jin-Man,Kang, Chang-Won,An, Byoung-Ki 한국축산식품학회 2012 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.32 No.4

본 실험은 부존사료자원을 토종닭에 이용하여 EPA 및 DHA와 같은 ${\omega}-3$계 다가불포화지방산을 함유하는 고품질 계육을 생산하기 위한 목적으로 실시하였다. 45일령의 재래종 암수탉을 공시하여 20일간 사양실험을 수행하였다. 일반시판사료를 사용한 대조구와 임자박 10% 첨가구(PM), 임자박 10% 및 아마종실 5% 첨가구(PM+FS), 임자박 10%, 아마종실 5% 그리고 어유 1% 첨가구(PM+FS+FO)로 나누어, 4처리 3반복 그리고 반복당 20수씩 총 240수를 공시하였다. 실험 종료 시체중, 증체량, 사료섭취량 및 사료 요구율 등 생산성과 관련된 항목에서는 처리간에 큰 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 대조구에 비해 모든 시험구에서 산패도 수치가 약간 높게 나타났으나 처리간에 유의차는 인정되지 않았다. 계육 내의 지방산 조성을 조사한 결과에서 ${\omega}-6$계 불포화지방산의 비율은 처리간에 큰 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 임자박, 아마종실 및 어유 첨가에 의해 ${\omega}-3$계 불포화지방산(C18:3 ${\omega}-3$, EPA, DHA)의 비율이 증가하는 경향 및 유의하게 증가하는 결과가 나타났다. 특히 EPA와 DHA는 어유를 첨가한 PM+FS+FO구에서 다른 구와 비교하여 유의하게 증가하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 임자박, 아마종실 및 어유를 일반시판사료에 적정량 혼합 급여하는 사료적 처리를 통해 재래종 닭에서 조직 내 총 ${\omega}-3$계 불포화지방산 및 DHA 함량을 증가시킬 수 있었으며, 이렇게 생산된 고부가가치 계육이 ${\omega}-3$계 불포화지방산의 좋은 공급원이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다. Estimations were made of oxidative susceptibility and fatty acid composition of edible meats of native chickens fed various dietary sources containing ${\omega}-3$ polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). A total of 240 Korean native chickens were divided into 4 groups, placed into 3 replicates per group, and were fed a commercial diet (Control) or one of the three experimental diets containing 10% perilla meal (PM group), 10% perilla meal-5% full fat flaxseed (PM+FS group), or 10% perilla meal-5% full fat flaxseed-1% fish oil (PM+FS+FO group) for 20 days. Final body weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion rate among the groups were not significantly different. Dietary treatments did not affect the relative weights of liver, abdominal fat, and breast muscle. The leg weight was increased from the feeding of ${\omega}-3$ PUFA sources. The TBA reactive substance in the edible meat was not different with the dietary treatments. The total ${\omega}-3$ PUFA in chickens that were fed diets containing ${\omega}-3$ PUFA sources increased compared to that of the control. The level of longer chain ${\omega}-3$ PUFAs, such as C20:5 ${\omega}3$ and C22:6 ${\omega}3$ in the PM+FS+FO group, was much higher than that of the others. The addition of local ingredients, such as perilla meal with conventional sources, could be used to obtain value-enhanced meat by enhancing ${\omega}-3$ PUFA.

Effects of Germinated and Fermented Unmarketable Soybean on Laying Performance and Egg Quality in Laying Hens

신진호,박정민,박다정,전우민,송재철,김성기,안병기,강창원,정우석,김진만,Shin, Jin-Ho,Park, Jung-Min,Bak, Da-Jeong,Jean, Woo-Min,Song, Jea-Chul,Kim, Sung-Ki,An, Byoung-Ki,Kang, Chang-Won,Jung, Woo-Suk,Kim, Jin-Man Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2008 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.28 No.5

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of germinated and fermented unmarketable soybean (GFS) on laying performance and egg quality in laying hens. A total of two hundred laying hens were divided into 5 groups (5 treatment $\times$ 4 replication $\times$ 10 birds each) and fed with the experimental diets for 8 wk as follows: control, GFS free; T1, GFS 0.15%; T2, GFS 0.3%; T3, GFS 1%; T4, GFS 2%. The laying performance, egg quality, blood profiles, cecal microbial population, isoflavone content in egg yolk were investigated. There were no significant differences laying performance, relative liver and spleen weights, egg yolk color, eggshell color among groups. Eggshell strength in groups fed with diets containing GFS increased, but not significantly. Eggshell thickness significantly increased in the GFS-supplemented group. No significant differences were observed in the blood profiles and intestinal microflora after supplementation. The decrease of Haugh unit during storage was alleviated by feeding of GFS (p<0.05). The concentrations of malondialdehyde in groups fed with GFS were decreased as compared with control (p<0.05). Isoflavones in the egg yolk were detected in group fed with diet containing 2% GFS. These results showed that unmarketable GFS could be used as a favorable feed additive and feedstuff for production of quality enhanced and isoflavone fortified eggs.

단위가축영양 : 원산지가 다른 대두박의 영양적 가치평가와 육계의 생산성에 미치는 영향

이보근 ( Bo Keun Lee ),김재영 ( Jae Young Kim ),김지숙 ( Ji Sook Kim ),유선종 ( Sun Jong You ),안병기 ( Byoung Ki An ),김은집 ( Eun Jib Kim ),강창원 ( Chang Won Kang ) 한국동물자원과학회 ( 구 한국축산학회 ) 2009 한국축산학회지 Vol.51 No.3

육계에서 에너지 및 조단백질 저감 사료 내 효소제의 적용 효과

김웅래(Woong Lae Kim),권소희(So Hee Kwon),김관응(Kwan Eung Kim),김은집(Eun Jib Kim),안수현(Su Hyun An),공창수(Changsu Kong),김수기(Soo Ki Kim),안병기(Byoung Ki An) 한국가금학회 2020 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.47 No.3

대사에너지와 조단백질 수준을 낮춘 실험사료 내에 여러 종류의 효소제를 첨가, 급여하고 성장 성적을 조사함으로써 효소제의 가치를 평가하기 위한 목적으로 본 연구를 수행하였다. 부화 직후 동일한 사양 조건과 사료 급여 조건에서 사육한 7일령 수평아리 750수를 공시하였고(5처리, 6반복, 반복당 25수), 대사에너지와 조단백질 수준을 Ross 308의 권장 수준에 유사하도록 배합한 시판사료를 대조구로 하였고, 대사에너지를 100 kcal 낮추고, 조단백질 수준을 1.0% 저감시킨 사료에 4종의 효소제품을 각각 첨가한 실험사료 급여구(T1-T4)로 구분하였다. 21일령까지 전기사료(starter diet)를, 이후 28일령까지 후기사료(grower diet)를 급여하였다. 에너지 및 조단백질 저감 사료 내 효소제 첨가 급여 후 증체량과 사료섭취량에서는 처리간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 사육 전 기간의 사료요구율(FCR)은 고에너지 대조구에서 유의하게 낮은 결과가 관찰되었고(P<0.001), 효소제 첨가구간에는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 대조구의 1.5 kg 도달 추정 일령은 26.34일이었고, 효소제를 첨가한 처리구에서는 26.39일(T2)부터 26.84일(T4) 사이로 추정되었다. 혈액 영양지표 성분의 농도에서는 처리간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 맹장균총 수에서는 차이가 없었으나, 우점균 조성에서는 처리간에 차이를 관찰할 수 있었다. 공장 내용물의 점도에서는 처리간에 차이가 없었으나, 회장 내용물 점도는 T2 첨가구에서 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다(P<0.05). 결론적으로 에너지와 조단백질 수준을 낮춘 실험사료 내 효소제의 첨가급여는 사료요구율을 제외한 성장 성적에 영향을 미치지 않았으며, 생리적 지표에서도 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. This study investigated the effects of the addition of commercial enzyme products to broiler feed with reduced levels of metabolizable energy and crude protein on the growth performance, blood profiles, and cecal microflora. A total of 750 seven-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to five treatment groups with six replicates (25 birds/replicate) for 28 days. A corn-wheat-soybean meal-based diet was formulated to meet or exceed the nutrient recommendations and used as the control diet. Experimental diets with metabolizable energy reduced by 100 kcal/kg and crude protein by 1% were formulated containing four different commercial enzyme products. Feed intake and weight gain were not affected by the dietary treatments; however, feed conversion ratios were significantly lower (P<0.01) in the control group than in the other treatment groups during the entire experimental period. There were no significant differences in the blood profiles and cecal microflora between the dietary treatments. However, the viscosity of jejunal contents in chicks fed a diet with enzyme B was significantly lower than that in the other groups. The tentative marketing age was unaffected by any of the dietary treatments, and ranged from 26.39 d to 26.84 d. Collectively, the use of commercial enzymes contributed to a similar weight gain as that in chicks fed diets with reduced energy and crude protein levels; however, it failed to maintain the feed conversion ratio.

사료 내 대사 에너지 및 조단백질 수준이 산란종 수평아리의 성장성적과 도체특성에 미치는 영향

윤정근(Jeong-Geun Yun),김홍래(Hong-Rae Kim),오성택(Sung-Taek Oh),정란(Lan Zheng),최영인(Young-In Choi),추연경(Yun-Kyung Choo),안병기(Byoung-Ki An),이성기(Sung Ki Lee),강창원(Chang-Won Kang) 韓國家禽學會 2012 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.39 No.2

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of varying levels of metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) on growth performance and carcass characteristics in layer-type growing male chicks. Nine hundred 1-d-old Hy-Line Brown male chicks were randomly allocated to 30 pens in a 2×3 factorial design. The experimental diets contained 2 levels of ME (2,800 kcal/kg and 2,950 kcal/kg) in combination with 3 levels of CP (17%, 18.5%, and, 20%). A significant interaction of ME and CP on feed intake was observed (p<0.05). No interaction was observed between ME and CP for 53 d BW gain or FCR, which improved linearly with dietary CP levels (p<0.05). A significant interaction or tendency was observed between ME and CP levels. The intake of ME for 1 g BW gain was linearly decreased with increasing CP levels (p<0.001). The intake of CP per bird was significantly increased in low ME (2,800 kcal/kg) treatment than that of the high ME treatment (2,950 kcal/kg) (p<0.05), and dietary CP level had more influence on CP intake for gram BW gain than level of ME. The relative weights of liver, spleen, breast meat and, leg were not influenced by the dietary treatments. Serum BUN, albumin, creatinine, and the activities of GOT and GPT were not influenced significantly by the diet treatment. In conclusion, the growth performance in layer-type male chicks was linearly increased when the level of dietary CP increased. The ME and CP did not affect the carcass characteristics and blood profiles. Therefore, the optimum levels of dietary ME and CP to improve the growth were 2,800 kcal/kg and above 18.5% in layer-type growing male chicks, respectively.

산란초기의 사료 내 조단백질 수준에 따른 계란 생산성 및 품질에 미치는 영향

추연경(Yun Kyung Choo),권형주(Hyung Joo Kwon),오성택(Sung Taek Oh),김용란(Yong Ran Kim),김은집(Eun Jib Kim),김동욱(Dong Wook Kim),강창원(Chang Won Kang),안병기(Byoung Ki An) 한국가금학회 2013 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.40 No.4

사료의 조단백질 및 아미노산 함량이 토종오리의 성장과 도체 특성에 미치는 영향

권형주(Hyung Joo Kwon),추연경(Yun Kyung Choo),오성택(Sung Taek Oh),김학규(Hak Kyu Kim),강창원(Chang Won Kang),안병기(Byoung Ki An) 한국가금학회 2013 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.40 No.4

산란후기 사료 내 가수분해 효모의 첨가 급여가 생산성과 계란 품질에 미치는 영향

정재용(Jae Young Chung),김관응(Kwan Eung Kim),이형호(Hyung Ho Lee),양회창(Hoi Chang Yang),김은집(Eun Jib Kim),안병기(Byoung Ki An) 한국가금학회 2021 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.48 No.4

본 실험은 산란후기의 공시계에서 가수분해 효모의 수준별 급여를 통해 난 생산성과 난질을 평가하고 평가된 데이터를 기본으로 하여 보조사료적 가치를 검토하기 위하여 수행하였다. 58주령 하이라인 실용 갈색계 총 180수를 공시하여 3개 처리에 6반복 반복당 10수를 임의배치 하였고 가수분해 효모를 0, 0.1 및 0.2% 수준으로 첨가한 실험사료를 8주간 급여하였다. 첫 전기 4주간의 산란율과 일산란량에서는 처리간에 큰 차이가 없었으나, 후기 4주간 동안 대조구에 비하여 가수분해 효모를 첨가한 실험구의 산란율과 일산란량이 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다(P<0.05). 난중은 처리간에 큰 차이가 없었다. 전체 실험기간 중의 난각강도와 난각두께는 가수분해 효모 첨가구에서 유의하게 높은 결과가 관찰되었다(P<0.05). 호우유니트에서는 처리간에 차이가 없었으나 난황색은 가수분해 효모 0.1% 첨가구에서 대조구에 비하여 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 난각 미세구조에서 유두층은 가수분해 효모 급여에 따라 선형적으로 증가하는 결과가 관찰되었다(P<0.05). 가수분해 효모 0.2% 첨가구에서 가금 인플루엔자 바이러스에 대한 항체역가가 유의하게 증가하였다(P<0.05). 결론적으로 가수분해 효모의 첨가 급여에 의해 산란후기의 난 생산성이 부분적으로 개선되었고, 난질 및 난각질이 유의하게 향상됨으로서 산란계의 후기 생산단계에 효과적으로 적용할 수 있음이 시사되었다. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of varying levels of hydrolyzed yeast on egg production and egg quality in aged laying randomly allotted to three dietary treatments such that egg production was similar in each treatment (6 replicates of 10 birds each). The layers were fed diets containing 0, 0.1, or 0.2% hydrolyzed yeast for eight weeks. No significant difference was observed in egg production during the first half of the experiment. Egg production and daily egg mass in groups fed diets containing hydrolyzed yeast were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of the control groups during the second half of the experiment. Egg weight was not affected by the dietary treatment. Eggshell strength and thickness in groups fed diets containing hydrolyzed yeast were significantly higher than those of the control groups during the overall experimental period (P<0.05). Although no significant differences were observed in the Haugh units, yolk color in the group fed diets containing 0.1% hydrolyzed yeast was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The mammillary layer thickness increased in a linear manner and significantly following treatment with dietary hydrolyzed yeast (P<0.05). Antibody titer against avian influenza virus in the group fed diets containing 0.2% hydrolyzed yeast was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in the control group. In conclusion, dietary hydrolyzed yeast improved egg production and eggshell quality of laying hens in the late stages of production.