日本古典文學과 日本文化의 敎育

문명재(Moon Myung Jae,文明載) 한국외국어대학교 일본연구소 2016 日本硏究 Vol.0 No.68

As study Japanese classical literature, particularly narrative literature, you always give attention to the contemporary situation, the background of the work. If you connect and educate those interested can obtain effective results in the Japanese language and culture education. Because the narrative literature is, in a sense also, a record of the history alive. Especially Korea China Japan this three countries in East Asia are belong to the Chinese culture, has lived in affect a similar cultural background since olden times. Buddhism for example, was transmitted to China occurred in India, because spread to Korea and Japan through Chinese character translating Buddhism scriptures, referred to Chinese translation buddhism. However the prosess of Buddhism take root in each country, thereby reflecting the cultural elements of the area also show different characteristics. In this study focusing on this point, on the basis of Korean and Japanese narrative literatures, approached in terms of cultural education. The two letters to the vocabuary associated with filial piety and lineage is also important keywords that share the three countries in East Asia. Above as notes, filial piety shown in Korean and Japanese narrative literatures is showing the difference, the reason is difference in the consciousness about filial piety. In addition, even in lineage two countries are showing the difference of an emphasis on lineage and family business, in particular through the depiction of classic literature you may feel able to realize specific aspects. 日本の古典文学、とりわけ説話文学を研究していると、作品の背景となる時代的な状況について常に関心をもつようになる。このような関心を教育と結び付けると日本語や日本文化教育に効果的な結果が得られる。というのは、説話はある意味では生きている歴史の記録でもあるからである。 韓国、中国、日本の東アジア三国は漢字文化圏に属しており、昔から類似した文化的な背景の中で、互いに影響の受け渡しをしながら生きてきた。仏教を例にとってみても、インドで発生した仏教が中国に伝わり、中国で漢訳された経典を通じて韓国や日本に伝播されたから漢訳仏教圏と言われている。しかし、仏教が各々の国に根を下ろす過程においては、該当地域の文化的な要素が反映されることによって、互いに異なる特徴も現わしている。このような点に注目して本考察では、韓国と日本の説話文学を中心とした古典文学を手掛かりとし、孝と家についての文化教育の面から近づいてみた。 孝と家は関連する語彙であり、この二文字は東アジア三国が共有している重要なキーワードでもある。しかし、各々の国における意味からは微妙な違いが感じられるようである。その違いを文字の概念解釈によって規定しようとするのは限界があり、むしろ古典文学に描かれた世界を通じて理解する方が効果的でありうると思われる。 韓国と日本の説話集に現われた孝は、説話集の体裁と内容の面において違いを見せており、その原因は両国の社会において、儒教的な実践徳目としての孝についての意識の差にあると言える。なお、家においても、両国は家門を重要視する意識と家業を重要視する意識の違いが見られるが、とりわけ古典文学の描写を通じて具体的な様相を実感できるのである。 要するに、漢字文化圏に属する東アジア三国が漢字を共有しながらも微妙な差を見せており、その意識の違いが今日まで繋がっているのを見ながら、その根源に潜んでいる特徴を探し出すためにも、古典文学に対する関心は大変有効であると言えよう。

유치원 교사의 교수효능감, 교사-유아의 상호작용, 또래와의 놀이상호작용 및 유아의 사회적 유능감 간의 구조적 관계

문명화(Moon, Myunghwa) 한국영유아교원교육학회 2020 유아교육학논집 Vol.24 No.6

본 연구의 목적은 유치원 교사의 교수효능감, 교사-유아 상호작용, 또래와의 놀이상호작용, 유아의 사회적 유능감 간의 구조적 관계를 규명하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 한국아동패널 7차년도 자료를 사용하였다. 자료분석은 Mplus 6.0 프로그램을 이용한 경로분석이 이루어졌고 주요한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유치원 교사의 교수효능감은 교사-유아 상호작용과 놀이상호작용에 직접적 영향을 미치고 사회적 유능감에 간접적 영향을 미친다. 교사-유아 상호작용과 놀이상호작용은 사회적 유능감에 직접적 영향을 미친다. 둘째, 부트스트래핑을 이용한 매개효과 분석결과, 유치원 교사의 교수효능감과 사회적 유능감 관계에서 교사-유아 상호작용과 놀이상호작용은 유의한 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 교사-유아 상호작용과 놀이상호작용의 중요성을 확인하였고 유치원 교사의 교수효능감이 교사-유아 상호작용과 놀이상호작용과 같은 대인관계 변인을 통해 유아의 사회적 유능감을 높일 수 있다는 것을 경험적으로 확인하였다. This study aimed to investigate the structural relationship among kindergarten teachers’ teaching efficacy, teacher-children interaction, peer play interaction, and children’s social competence. For this, data from the 7th year of the Korean Children’s Panel were used. Data analysis was conducted using the Mplus 6.0 program, and the results of this study showed the following: First, a kindergarten teacher’s teaching efficacy has a direct effect on the teacher-children interaction and peer play interaction, and has an indirect significant effect on social competence. Teacher-children interaction and peer play interaction directly affect social competence. Second, as a result of analyzing the mediating effect using bootstrapping, it was found that teacher-children interaction and peer play interaction had significant mediating effects in the relationship between teaching efficacy and social competence of kindergarten teachers. This study suggests that in order to increase the social competence of young children, educational policy efforts are needed to maximize the expression of teacher-children interaction and peer play interaction by promoting the teaching efficacy of kindergarten teachers.

일본 설화문학 연구방법론 고찰 : 『금석물어집(今昔物語集)』를 중심으로

문명재 ( Myung Jae Moon ) 한국일어일문학회 2007 日語日文學硏究 Vol.63 No.2

『곤자쿠모노가타리슈(今昔物語集)』에 나타난 업(業)의 고찰

문명재 ( Moon Myung-jae ) 한국외국어대학교 일본연구소 2018 日本硏究 Vol.0 No.77

『今昔物語集』(以下『今昔』と略す)の人間群像の生き方を究明するためには色々な視角からの接近が必要であるが、「業」は貴賤男女を問わず、彼等が逃れられない槪念の一つであった。人々は自分の現在の姿や事柄を「業」と關連づけて解釋しようとしたのである。したがって「業」は當時の民衆の考え方を知るための重要な手掛かりとなる。 まず惡業と對比される善業は、他にも善心、善根、道心などが類似した槪念として用いられたが、これらを合わせても、說話數においては惡業が絶對的な優位にあることが分かる。これは、「業」という言葉自體に佛敎的な色合いが濃く投影されているからであり、惡業の具體的な行爲と應報が民衆の關心と興味を引いていた故であろう。とりわけ生きていく過程が惡業造りであり、前世の惡業から逃れるために死ぬこともできるという認識が見られたことも注目される。 また、善惡業と冥界との關連においても、當時の多樣な意識世界が展開されている。智光のように優れた學問と修行を積んだ僧であっても、散亂した心では淨土に生まれる善根を造りがたく、賴光のように觀想念佛修行に徹してこそ極樂往生を遂げられるという話には、平安時代の淨土思想が强く反映されていると思われる。 一方、立山地獄說話には冥界の姿が生々しく描かれており、富士山、白山とともに日本の三大靈山として厚く信仰されていた所以が感じられる。冥界で受ける罪苦は生前の「業」によるものであるから誰かが代わられないが、といって絶對的なものでもなかったし、法花經や金剛般若經の讀誦と書寫供養のような佛法の力によって「業」の消滅も可能であった。 定業の認識も强く、衆生の善惡業は恰も万刧を重ねた巖のように、絶對變えられないとする。しかし、これまた地藏菩薩の助けによって業障を消滅して冥界から甦られ、定業の不可變性の中でも救援の手を希求していた民衆の希望が現われたものと見られる。 To identify human life in 『Konzakumonogatarisyu』, we need access from various angles. Karuma was one of the inevitable concepts to all peoples in the hierarchy. People think their present appearance and work are karuma. Thus, karuma becomes an important clue to people’thoughts. First, good-karuma compared with bad-karuma is used as a similar concept to good-heart, good-roots, buddhist-heart. And the number of bed-karuma stories is overwhelmingly more than good-karuma stories. The reason is that buddhist colors are strong in the word ‘karuma’, and specific act and retribution attract attention and interest. Especially noticed, the process of living makes up bad-karuma, and people thought can die to run away from past life karuma. Also in relation karuma and the nether world, various consciousness worlds of the time are being developed. Even if it is a monk as Chiko who has a great discipline and performance, it is difficult to make borning in paradice with a scattered heart. A monk as Raiko who is thorough on a perform buddhist sutra chanting and thinking of paradise in the head, can be born in paradase, reflect strongly the pure land thought of the Heian age. Meanwhile the stories of Tachiyama hell has a vivid description of the underworld. Since suffering in the afterlife is due to karuma, nobody can replaceit. But that was not absolute, like a sutra chanting and transcription of Beopwha buddhism scripture and Kunkangbanya buddhism scripture, by the power of buddhism, it was aiso possible to destroy karuma. Invariant karuma consciousness is also strong, people’karuma can never be changed like ten thousand years of rock. But this can also be eliminated whit the help of Jijang bodhisattva. This means that the people wanted the hand of salvation.

만성 관절염 환자의 삶의 질과 일상활동, 우울 및 자기효능감과의 관계

문명자(Moon Myeong Ja) 한국성인간호학회 1998 성인간호학회지 Vol.10 No.2

글로벌 마켓을 위한 한국적 이미지의 제품 디자인 개발 방안

문명옥(Moon Myeng-Ok),함연자(Ham Youn-Ja),문광희(Moon Kwang-Hee),윤혜경(Yoon Hae-Gyung) 한복문화학회 2007 韓服文化 Vol.10 No.3

This study aimed to suggest the direction of the product design development using Korean image for global market through investigating preference of Asian image and Korean traditional patterns by westerner. The subjects consisted of 65 American and 47 British aged 10 to 60. The experimental material used in this study was a questionnaire, composed of 17 question multiple choice. The data were analyzed by SPSS(14.0K). The results were as follows: The preference of Asian images were 'unique', 'mysterious', 'elaborate' and the preference of Asian cultural elements were 'food', 'architecture' and 'clothing'. The most influential element on choosing Asian goods was pattern and the most influential element on hesitating Asian goods was also pattern. Regarding Korean traditional patterns, the American prefer 'Sam-jok-o', 'dragon', 'bamboo' and the British prefer 'chrysanthemum', 'Japanese apricot tree', 'peony'. The suitable patterns for clothing were all botanical motifs and the suitable patterns for interior goods were geometrical motifs as well as botanical motifs. In case using Korean patterns for clothing and interior goods, using modified patterns in modern type was preferred.

포스트(위드) 코로나 시대의 난제해결형 정부를 위한 정부혁신에 대한 소고

문명재 ( M. Jae Moon ) 한국행정연구원 2021 韓國行政硏究 Vol.30 No.3

한국 정부는 정책 난제(wicked problem)의 가장 대표적 사례인 코로나 19위기에 대응하는 과정에서 소기의 성과를 거두어왔으나, 높은 변동성(volatility), 불확실성(uncertainty), 복잡성(complexity), 그리고 모호성(ambiguity)을 특징으로 하는 정책난제에 대한 근본적 대응책을 마련하였다고 보기는 어렵다. 본 연구는 난제대응력 높은 미래 정부를 구현하기 위한 근본적 해결책을 인사제도혁신과 정부혁신의 두 가지 관점에서 살펴보았다. 먼저 문제해결역량을 갖춘 현장형 인재 선발 양성과 유연한 인사제도 구현을 위하여 공개경쟁채용제도의 개혁, 부처 간 순환보직제도 개편과 도입, 난제해결을 위한 공무원 역량강화, 클라우드 공무원단의 도입이 필요하다. 또한 데이터기반 예견적 정부, 사회역량을 기반으로 한 회복탄력적 정부, 애자일 정부, 와해기술을 활용한 디지털 정부, 시민중심적 공동생산정부를 중심으로 미래정부를 위한 정부혁신의 밑그림을 그려야 한다. 따라서 정치적 의지나 상징으로서의 피상적인 조직 개편방안보다는 대전환기를 맞이하여 난제해결형 정부로 정부의 체질을 탈바꿈할 수 있는 정부혁신의 로드맵을 구체적으로 준비하는 것이 우선 과제이다. Despite effective mitigation of COVID-19, the Korean government has not been well prepared for solving wicked policy problems which are characterized by VUCA(volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity). The study aims to propose public personnel innovations and general administrative innovations in order to shape out a high performing government in coping with future wicked policy problems. First of all, public personnel innovations include changing recruitment policy, promoting inter-agency job rotation program, strengthening competences of public servants, and introduction of a cloud government program. The study also proposes directions of future government including data-based anticipatory government, resilient government, agile government, disruptive technology-based digital government, and citizen-sourcing co-production government. The study suggests the next administration to prepare a comprehensive roadmap for government innovations to materialize an effective wicked problem-solving government rather than voicing over futile government reorganizations.

대형국책사업 집행실패의 영향요인 분석

문명재 ( M. Jae Moon ),이철주 ( Cheoul Joo Lee ),주기완 ( Ki Wan Joo ),하연희 ( Yeon Hee Ha ),곽연륜 ( Yun Reun Kwag ) 한국정책학회 2007 韓國政策學會報 Vol.16 No.2

재가노인의 일상생활기능, 자아존중감과 임파워먼트간의 관계

문명자(Moon Myeong-ja) 기본간호학회 2005 기본간호학회지 Vol.12 No.3

기획논문 : 정책도구연구의 학문적 좌표와 이론적 연계성: 새로운 분야 아니면 새로운 시각?

문명재 ( M. Jae Moon ) 고려대학교 정부학연구소 2008 정부학연구 Vol.14 No.4