서울마케팅 전략개발에 관한 연구

김찬동(Chan-Dong Kim),오현(Hyun Oh) 서울연구원 2006 서울연구원 정책과제연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

특별사법경찰제도의 장기발전방안

김찬동 ( Chan Dong Kim ),이세구 ( Se Koo Rhee ),박성문 ( Seong Moon Park ) 서울시정개발연구원 2009 연구보고서 Vol.2009 No.51

The purposes of this study are to analyse the current conditions and to figure out the problems of Special Judicial Police (SJP) system of Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG), and to suggest the ideas to develop the future SJP. The SJP system in Korea has different historical background compared to foreign countries` SJPs. The SMG adopted the SJP system in 2008 in order to promote the civil safety in several areas as a citizen-centered administration. SMG plays the role to provide the necessary budgets to form the Division of Special Judicial Police while city`s 25 Autonomous Districts to dispatch the personnels to work with. The coverage of SJP includes food, juvenile delinquency, environmental pollution and hygiene. SJP has shown considerable performance so far through the investigation of such areas. However, there have been several difficulties for SJP to face with. First of all, the SJP officers who used to deal with the paperworks inside offices experience the difficulty of executing criminal investigation. There have been insufficient budget and instruments for criminal investigation. Moreover, the Division has experienced the difficulties in personnel and organization management together with the lack of expertise in criminal investigation for the officers. Whereas three to five year experience of investigation would lead the officers to become expertise in general, they have experienced the circulation personnel management system which usually results to less than three year work with the division. The rate of citizens` recognition of SJP is very low as 17%. But, so long as they recognize the SJP in SMG, their satisfaction for SJP is quite high as 57%. Also, they have felt the necessity of SJP strongly as 65%. The exact expression of SJP in SMG would be the comprehensive SJP which means any officers are in charge of whole areas of SJP while current officer has dealt with any specific area of SJP. Although SJP has already been existed in autonomous districts before SMG organized the division in the city, mayors of autonomous districts who are elected through public elections have a tendency not to utilize the SJP system because of popularity. However, mayor of SMG has a responsibility for public safety in Seoul metropolitan area. Thus the SJP division has been organized as a part of a city government to deal with the problems arised. The administrative problems of comprehensive SJP are as follows. First, while the officers are assigned to the division of SMG, they are evaluated for the promotion and other personnel management in their original organizations, that is autonomous districts. Second, there are insufficient budgets for the investigation and following activities. Third, there are lack of the systematical education and training to reinforce the officers to become investigation expert. Therefore, there need to apply the unified personnel management system for the SJP officers between city and autonomous districts, to increase budget to support SJP activities, and to provide the necessary education and training. Also, the future steering of SJP would be important to the development of future local autonomy system. This study suggests several short-term strategies to develop SJP on the basis of current structure. But the mid-term strategies as autonomous districts` proper role are also proposed since the SJP service should be provided by the lower-level government, that is autonomous districts. The long-term development strategies are also proposed on the basis of introduction of autonomous police system in local government level. The SJP needs to cultivate investigation capability. The city government and autonomous district governments might have their own SJP organizations, and coordinate SJP activities.

정치행정관계와 행정책임문화

김찬동(Chan Dong Kim) 서울행정학회 2005 한국사회와 행정연구 Vol.16 No.2

The system of national policy pursuits the efficiency and responsibility through political and administrative specialization of functuion. The content and direction of national policy might depend on the relation of politics and administration. The vertical ralation of command-obedience on the chain of command have changed into the horizental relation of guidance-addistance as on-going Administrative State and Wellfare State. The role of administrator is also viewed as vision-mension and policy-mens ion beyond administration-mension and management-mension. Therefore. in this context. it is thought that responsibility of administrator has to have political responsibility. But the representative democratic system gives exemption of responsibility to administrator differently politician. Politicians take over all responsibility including administrator's political responsibility. The problem of responsibility is various according to administrative culture. In the case of Korea. our nation, prime minister and secretary have charged the responsibility of policy failure instead of President. But. in Japan's case. administrator developed various logics about accountability not to burden the political responsibility to politician. The policy of the opening rice market is the representative case to discuss about the issue mentioned here.

주민자치회 모델의 다양화 방안 : 행정복지센터 기능분석을 중심으로

김찬동(Chan Dong Kim) 건국대학교 시민정치연구소 2021 시민정치연구 Vol.3 No.-

계약사무 이관에 따른 전문성 강화방안 연구

김찬동(Chan-Dong Kim),배준식(Jun-Sik Bae),박성문(Seong-Moon Park) 서울연구원 2010 서울연구원 정책과제연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

아파트 관리의 공공성 제고방안

김찬동(Chan-Dong Kim),박은철(Eun-Cheol Park),김정욱(Jung Wook Kim) 서울연구원 2010 서울연구원 정책과제연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

동해 울릉분지의 가스 하이드레이트 산출형태와 퇴적물 특성의 관계

김대하,박장준,이진혁,류병재,김지훈,천종화,장찬동,Kim, Dae-Ha,Bahk, Jang-Jun,Lee, Jin-Heuck,Ryu, Byong-Jae,Kim, Ji-Hoon,Chun, Jong-Hwa,Torres, Marta E.,Chang, Chan-Dong 대한자원환경지질학회 2012 자원환경지질 Vol.45 No.4

2010년 2차 울릉분지 가스 하이드레이트 시추 (UBGH2)를 통하여 총 10개 정점에서 가스 하이드레이트 함유 퇴적물 코아를 채취하였다. 이 연구에서는 열화상 분석과 입도분석 결과에 따라 퇴적물 입도분포, 온도 이상(${\Delta}T$), 가스 하이드레이트 포화도, 가스 하이드레이트 산출형태간의 상관관계를 연구하였다. 가스 하이드레이트는 유형 I(니질층의 단열을 충진하는 형태), 유형 II(니질층의 산재하는 형태), 그리고 유형 III(사질층의 공극을 충진하는 형태)로 분류하였다. 입도분석 결과, 유형 I과 II는 가스 하이드레이트 함유 및 미함유 구간 모두 입도가 유사한 니질층으로 이루어진 반면, 유형 III는 입도가 뚜렷이 구별되는 사질층과 니질층으로 이루어져 있다. 유형 III에서는 모래 함량이 증가할 수록 가스 하이드레이트 포화도가 증가함을 확인하였다. 열화상에서 분석된 ${\Delta}T$는 가스 하이드레이트 산출형태와 상관없이 가스 하이드레이트 포화도와 비례하는 경향을 보인다. 시추지점의 암상과 탄성파 단면의 특징에서 보면, 탄성파 단면에서 침니 구조가 나타나는 지점은 유형 I이, 사질층이 거의 없는 분지사면에서는 유형 II가, 저탁류 사질층이 자주 협재하는 지점에서는 유형 III가 우세하게 나타난다. 이와 같은 특징으로 보아 가스 하이드레이트 산출형태는 가스 하이드레이트 함유 지층의 지질학적 특징과 관련 있으며, 특히 퇴적물의 입도분포에 큰 영향을 받음을 보여준다. During the 2nd Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition (UBGH2) in 2010, gas-hydrate-bearing sediment cores were recovered at 10 drill sites. Base, on Infrared (IR) thermal image and grain-size analysis of the cores, three distinct types of gas hydrate are classified: Type I (fracture-filling in mud layers), Type II (disseminated in mud layers), and Type III (pore-filling in sand layers). Types I and II gas hydrates occur in mud as discrete veins, nodules or disseminated particles. Type III fills the pore spaces of the sand layers encased in mud layers. In this case, the sand content of hosting sediments shows a general linear relationship with gas hydrate saturation. The degrees of temperature anomalies (${\Delta}T$) from IR images generally increase with gas hydrate saturation regardless of gas hydrate occurrence types. Type I is dominantly found in the sites where seismic profiles delineate chimney structures, whereas Type II where the drill cores are composed almost of mud layers. Type III was mainly recovered from the sites where hemipelagic muds are frequently intercalated with turbidite sand layers. Our results indicate that gas hydrate occurrence is closely related to sedimentological characteristic of gas hydrate-bearing sediments, that is, grain size distribution.

베네주엘라 초중질유 저류층 지질 특성

김대석,권이균,장찬동,Kim, Dae-Suk,Kwon, Yi-Kyun,Chang, Chan-Dong 대한자원환경지질학회 2011 자원환경지질 Vol.44 No.1

Extra heavy oil reservoirs are distributed over the world but most of them is deposited in the northern part of the Orinoco River in Venezuela, in the area of 5,500 $km^2$, This region, which has been commonly called "the Orinoco Oil Belt", contains estimated 1.3 trillion barrels of original oil-in-place and 250 billion barrels of established reserves. The Venezuela extra heavy oil has an API gravity of less than 10 degree and in situ viscosity of 5,000 cP at reservoir condition. Although the presence of extra heavy oil in the Orinoco Oil Belt has been initially reported in the 1930's, the commercial development using in situ cold production started in the 1990's. The Orinoco heavy oil deposits are clustered into 4 development areas, Boyaco, Junin, Ayachoco, and Carabobo respectively, and they are subdivided into totally 31 production blocks. Nowadays, PDVSA (Petr$\'{o}$leos de Venzuela, S.A.) makes a development of each production block with the international oil companies from more than 20 countries forming a international joint-venture company. The Eastern Venezuela Basin, the Orinoco Oil Belt is included in, is one of the major oil-bearing sedimentary basins in Venezuela and is first formed as a passive margin basin by the Jurassic tectonic plate motion. The major source rock of heavy oil is the late Cretaceous calcareous shale in the central Eastern Venezuela Basin. Hydrocarbon materials migrated an average of 150 km up dip to the southern margin of the basin. During the migration, lighter fractions in the hydrocarbon were removed by biodegradation and the oil changed into heavy and/or extra heavy oil. Miocene Oficina Formation, the main extra heavy oil reservoir, is the unconsolidated sand and shale alternation formed in fluvial-estuarine environment and also has irregularly a large number of the Cenozoic faults induced by basin subsidence and tectonics. Because Oficina Formation has not only complex lithology distribution but also irregular geology structure, geological evolution and characteristics of the reservoirs have to be determined for economical production well design and effective oil recovery. This study introduces geological formation and evolution of the Venezuela extra heavy oil reservoirs and suggest their significant geological characteristics which are (1) thickness and geometry of reservoir pay sands, (2) continuity and thickness of mud beds, (3) geometry of faults, (4) depth and geothermal character of reservoir, (5) in-situ stress field of reservoir, and (6) chemical composition of extra heavy oil. Newly developed exploration techniques, such as 3-D seismic survey and LWD (logging while drilling), can be expected as powerful methods to recognize the geological reservoir characteristics in the Orinoco Oil Belt. 베네주엘라 중앙에 위치한 오리노코강을 따라 55,000 $km^2$의 면적에 동서로 길게 자리하는 오리노코 오일벨트에는 원시부존량이 약 1조 3천억 배럴, 가채매장량이 2,500억 배럴에 달하는 초중질유가 매장되어 있다. 베네주엘라 초중질유는 API 비중이 $10^{\circ}$ 이하이고, 점성도가 5,000 cP 정도로 무겁고 점성이 큰 탄화수소 자원이다. 오리노코 지역의 초중질유는 1930년대 최초로 보고되었지만, 이들의 상업적 개발은 1990년대에 이르러 비가열식 일차생산기법을 통해서 본격적으로 이루어지기 시작하였다. 오리노코 오일벨트는 초중질유 분포 양상에 의해 보야카, 주닌, 아야쿠초, 카라보보의 생산광구로 나누어지며, 이들은 모두 31개의 생산블럭으로 소분류된다. 현재 각 생산블럭은 베네주엘라 PDVSA와 외국계 기업의 합작 형태로 개발되고 있으며, 20개국 이상이 초중질유 개발 프로젝트에 참여하고 있다. 오리노코 오일벨트는 베네주엘라의 주요 석유분지 가운데 하나인 동베네주엘라 분지의 남쪽지역에 위치한다. 동베네주엘라 분지는 쥬라기 판 분화에 의해 형성되기 시작한 수동형 대륙 주변부 분지로 그 면적은 약 120,000 $km^2$이다. 동베네주엘라 분지에서 백악기 말에 형성된 석회질 셰일은 초중질유의 주요 근원암이다. 분지 내 탄화수소는 북쪽에서 남쪽으로 평균 150 km를 이동하면서 생분해작용을 거쳤으며, 이로 인해 점성과 비중이 높은 초중질유를 분지 남쪽 경계부인 오리노코 지역에 형성하였다. 주요 초중질유 저류층인 마이오세 오피시나층은 하성-에스츄어리 퇴적환경에서 발달한 미고결 사질 및 이질이 교호하는 퇴적체이다. 또한 오피시나층은 판의 운동에 의한 압축작용과 분지침강에 의해 형성된 다수의 신생대 단층이 분포하여 복잡한 저류층 지질 특성을 나타낸다. 불균질한 저류층 암상 분포와 복잡한 지질 구조의 저류층에서 경제적인 생산정의 설계와 효율적인 초중질유 회수를 위해서는 초중질유 저류층의 발달 과정과 그로 인한 지질학적 특성에 대한 심도 깊은 이해가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 오리노코 초중질유 저류층에서 (1) 사질 저류층 두께 및 분포, (2) 이질 퇴적층의 분포, (3) 단층의 기하학적 분포, (4) 저류층 대상 심도 및 지열 특성, (5) 저류층 지중 응력상태, (6) 초중질유의 화학적 조성 등을 초중질유 생산성에 상대적으로 큰 영향을 미치는 주요한 지질학적 특성으로 주목하였다. 이러한 오리노코 지역의 지질학적 특성들은 3차원 탄성파 탐사, 시추간 물리검층과 같은 최신 기술들을 통해 앞으로 보다 빠르고 정확하게 규명되어질 것으로 기대된다.

마을공동체 복원을 통한 주민자치 실현방안

김찬동(Chan-Dong Kim),서윤정(Yun-Jung Seo) 서울연구원 2012 서울연구원 정책과제연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

This study aims to show the significance of neighborhood community rebuilding movement, which is represented by neighborhood community movement, and to suggest tasks and prerequisites for the success of the citizen autonomy. Rebuilding community, in the process of discussion among local residents with a sense of solidarity and reciprocity, can improve the grass-root democracy and recover the true function of citizen autonomy. Community is a group of members who collaborate with reciprocity based on shared understanding and norms. Autonomy is a part of self-governance, and addresses common issues together through organizations and institution. Participation is a critical factor on both community and autonomy. This study is planned based on the literature review and the results of advisory meeting, and suggests theoretical background of neighborhood community and citizen autonomy, and finally, analyzes several practical cases of neighborhood communities by 4 development stages. The development stage of community can be divided as followsㆍThe first stage is the facilitating participation, the second stage is the preserving community identity, the third stage is the semi-citizen autonomy (interaction and investment), and finally, the fourth stage is semi-group autonomy (including the representative function). Since the function of neighborhood community may depend on the level of participation, facilitating citizen participation can be a solution for rebuilding neighborhood community. The external support using tacit knowledge cumulated by civic organizations is an important factor as well. Civic organizations should have an intermediary role in that supporting process by monitoring resident’s demands continuously and developing their ability. Professionals are needed for arranging and systemizing resident’s demands using technical terms and sentences. Furthermore, the good public participatory community building will be realized by that professionals educate residents and assist them to be a field professional. Public administration should provide plenty of chances for residents to meet together, and support those meetings. That is, administrative officers and staff should not appear in the limelight, but should establish the foundation of easy public participation. The public-private partnership is the most important factor in community building project.

경영효율을 중심으로한 영국과 이태리의 공기업 비교

김찬동 ( Chan - Dong Kim ) 한국행정학회 1982 韓國行政學報 Vol.16 No.-