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PC Level에서의 CMOS PLA Generator (PLAGN_P)의 연구
김경식,이철동,유영욱,Kim, Gyeong-Sik,Lee, Cheol-Dong,Ryu, Yeong-Uk 한국전자통신연구원 1987 전자통신 Vol.9 No.1
IBM-PC에서 동작하는 dynamic CMOS PLA generator(PLAGN_P)를 개발하였다. 본 논문에서 PLAGN_P의 소프트웨어 구성과 각 tool의 기능을 사용 예를 통해 기술하고 module generator로의 발전 방향을 제시한다. 출력된 CIF는 Metheus workstation으로 파일 전송되어 test 및 plot되었다.
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생체 부분 간이식 공여자의 술전 담문계 해부학적 변이에 관한 T2강조 및 조영증강 T1강조 담도조영술간의 진단적 유용성 비교
임준석,김명진,김경식,오영택,김진용,유형식,이종태,김기황,Im, Jun-Seok,Kim, Myeong-Jin,Kim, Gyeong-Sik,O, Yeong-Taek,Kim, Jin-Yong,Yu, Hyeong-Sik,Lee, Jong-Tae,Kim, Gi-Hwang 대한영상의학회 2004 대한영상의학회지 Vol.50 No.3
목적: 생체 부분 간이식 공여자의 담문계 해부학적 변이 진단에 관한 T2 강조 자기공명담관조영술(T2-MRC)과 조영 증강 T1강조 조영술(CE-MRC)의 유용성을 비교 분석하였다. 대상과 방법: 33명의 간이식 공여 후보자를 대상으로 하였으며, T2-MRC는 단발포급속스핀에코 방법을 이용하여 획득되었으며, 5 mm두께의 관상면 영상과, 총담관을 중심으로 여러 각도의 단일 절편영상을 얻었다. CE-MRC는 mangafodifir trifodium을 주사후, 삼차원 GRE sequence를 사용하여, 축상면과 관상면 영상을 얻었다. 두 명의 방사선과 의사가, T2-MRC와 CE-MRC를 각각 분리하여 본 경우와 모두 본 경우를 구분하여, 담문계 해부학적 변이와 진단 신뢰도를 기록하였으며, consensus reading을 기준으로 각 방법의 해부학적 변이 진단의 정확도를 비교하였다. 특히 직접 담관 조영술을 시행한 12예에서는 단일 담관계 문합의 수행가능성 여부를 판단하였으며, 이를 직접 담관 조영술의 결과와 비교하였다. 결과: 담문계 해부학적 변이 진단에 있어 두 평가자의 진단 신뢰도는 T2-MRC보다 CE-MRC에서 높은 양상을 보였으나, 통계학적 차이는 없었다. T2와 T1강조 MRC를 모두 본 경우에는 두 평가자 모두 각각의 영상을 따로 본 경우 보다, 통계학적으로 더 높은 진단 신뢰도를 보였다(p<0.001). 두 영상을 같이 본 경우 두 평가자는 consensus reading과 각각 33(100%), 30(91%) 예에서 일치된 결과를 보였으며, T2-MRC와 CE-MRC를 따로 본 경우 두 평가자에서 T2- MRC: 30(91%), CE-MRC: 28(85%) 그리고 T2-MRC: 26(79%), CE-MRC: 28(85%)의 일치된 결과를 보였다. 직접 담관 조영술을 시행한 12예에서의 단일 담관 문합술의 수행가능성 예측 정확도는 T2-MRC: 91.6% CE-MRC: 100% 그리고 paired set: 100% 였다. 결론: 생체 부분 간이식 공여자의 술전 담관계 해부학적 변이 진단에 T2-MRC와 T1-MRC를 모두 시행함으로써 진단 신뢰도와 정확도를 향상시킬 수 있다. Purpose: To compare T2-weighted MR cholangiography (T2-MRC) and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRC (enhanced T1-MRC) in the assessment of biliary anatomy in donor candidates for living related liver transplantation (LRLT). Materials and Methods: Thirty-three potential donors underwent MR examination for preoperative evaluation. Using the single-shot half-Fourier RARE sequence, T2-weighted single-section and coronal images were obtained, and enhanced T1-MRC was performed, using 3D GRE sequences after the administration of mangafodifir trisodium. To assess the hilar ductal branching pattern and determine diagnostic confidence, two reviewers first evaluated the unpaired T2-MRC and enhanced T1-MRC images, and then paired T2-MRC and enhanced T1-MRC images together. In particular, in 12 cases in which direct cholangiographys were performed, the feasibility of single duct-to-duct anastomosis was assessed using the unpaired and the paired sets sequentially. Results: The reviewers’confidence tended to be higher for enhanced T1-MRC than T2- MRC, but the difference was not statistically significant. For both reviewers, confidence was significantly higher for the paired set than for T2- or enhanced T1-MRC alone (p < .001). The types of biliary anatomy determined in the paired set matched the consensus reading in 33 (100%) and 30 cases(91%) assessed by reviewer 1 and 2, respectively. The separate interpretation of T2- and enhanced T1-MRC findings matched the consensus interpretation in 30 (91%) and 28 cases (85%), respectively, assessed by reviewer 1, and 26 (79%) and 28 cases (85%), respectively, assessed by reviewer 2. The possibility of single anastomosis was accurately predicted in 91.6% of cases in T2-MRC, and 100% at enhanced T1-MRC and the combined set. Conclusion: In the evaluation of the biliary anatomy of potential donors for LRLT, the combined use of T2-MRC and enhanced T1-MRC may improve diagnostic confidence and decrease the occurrence of a non diagnostic or equivocal interpretation at T2-MRC alone.
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당귀약침(當歸藥鍼)이 흰쥐의 갑상선기능(甲狀腺機能)에 미치는 영향(影響)
이상용,김경식,한종현,Lee, Sang-Yong,Kim, Gyeong-Sik,Han, Jong-Hyeon 대한약침학회 1997 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.1 No.1
In order to study the effect of aqua-acupuncture with Radix Angelicae gigantis extract solution by acuncture point. Radix Angelicae gigantis aqua-acupuncture was carried on every day for 3 days and 5 days 7 days respectively on the corresponding loci of Chondol(CV22) and non-acupuncture points (loci at the root of tail), after inducing hypothyroidism by thiourea administration and thereafter the contents of serum triiodothyronine$(T_3)$, thyroxine$(T_4)$, triiodothyronine uptake, free $T_3$, free $T_4$, total protein, albumin, creatinine, creatine, BUN, cholesterol, triglyceride, and total lipid were measured in hypothyroidism rats. The following results have been obtained : 1. $T_3$ was increased with statistical significance by Radix Angelicae gigantis aquq-acupuncture for 3 days, 5 days and 7 days Chondol(CV22) and non-acupuncture points as compared with the control group. 2. $T_3$ uptake was increased with statistical significance by Radix Angelicae gigantis aquq-acupuncture for 3 days, 5 days and 7 days to Chondol(CV22) as compared with the control group. 3. Free $T_4$ was increased with statistical significance by Radix angelicae gigantis aqua-acupuncture for 3 days, 5 days and 7 days to Chondol(CV22), and non-acupuncture points respectively as compared with the control group. 4. Albumin was decreased with statistical significance by Radix Angelicae gigantis aqua-acupuncture for 3 days, and 5 days and 7 days to Chondol(CV22), and non-acupuncture points respectively as compared with the control group. 5. Creatine was decreased with statistical significance by Radix Angelicae gigantis aqua-acupuncture for 3 days, and 5 days and 7 days to Chondol(CV22), and non-acupuncture points respectively as compared with the control group. 6. Cholesterol was decreased with statistical significance by Radix Angelicae gigantis aqua-acupuncture for 3 days, and 5 days and 7 days to Chondol(CV22) and non-acupuncture points respectively as compared with the control group. 7. Triglyceride was decreased with statistical significance by Radix Angelicae gigantis aqua-acupuncture for 3 days, and 5 days and 7 days to Chondol(CV22) and non-acupuncture points respectively as compared with the control group. 8. Total lipid was decreased with statistical significance by Radix Angelicae gigantis aqua-acupuncture for 3 days, and 5 days and 7 days to Chondol(CV22) and non-acupuncture points respectively as compared with the control group.
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