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PINK1 as a Molecular Checkpoint in the Maintenance of Mitochondrial Function and Integrity
고형종,정종경 한국분자세포생물학회 2012 Molecules and cells Vol.34 No.1
Parkinson’s disease (PD), the most prevalent neurodegenerative movement disorder, is characterized by an age-dependent selective loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Although most PD cases are sporadic, more than 20 responsible genes in familial cases were identified recently. Genetic studies using Drosophila models demonstrate that PINK1, a mitochondrial kinase encoded by a PD-linked gene PINK1, is critical for maintaining mitochondrial function and integrity. This suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction is the main cause of PD pathogenesis. Further genetic and cell biological studies revealed that PINK1 recruits Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase encoded by another PD-linked gene parkin, to mitochondria and regulates the mitochondrial remodeling process via the Parkin-mediated ubiquitination of various mitochondrial proteins. PINK1 also directly phosphorylates the mitochondrial proteins Miro and TRAP1, subsequently inhibiting mitochondrial transport and mitochondrial oxidative damage, respectively. Moreover, recent Drosophila genetic analyses demonstrate that the neuroprotective molecules Sir2 and FOXO specifically complement mito-chondrial dysfunction and DA neuron loss in PINK1 null mutants, suggesting that Sir2 and FOXO protect mitochondria and DA neurons downstream of PINK1. Collectively, these recent results suggest that PINK1 plays multiple roles in mitochondrial quality control by regulating its mitochondrial, cytosolic, and nuclear targets.
PINK1 and Parkin to control mitochondria remodeling
고형종,정종경 대한해부학회 2010 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.43 No.3
Parkinson’s disease (PD), one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, is characterized by movement disorders and a loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons. PD mainly occurs sporadically, but may also result from genetic mutations in several PD-linked genes. Recently, genetic studies with Drosophila mutants, parkin and PINK1, two common PD-associated genes, demonstrated that Parkin acts downstream of PINK1 in maintaining mitochondrial function and integrity. Further studies revealed that PINK1 translocates Parkin to mitochondria and regulates critical mitochondrial remodeling processes. These findings, which suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction is a prominent cause of PD pathogenesis, provide valuable insights which may aid in the development of effective treatments for PD.
Slit 近傍의 Stokeslet 에 의한 2次元의 느린 粘性流動
고형종,김문언 대한기계학회 1983 대한기계학회논문집 Vol.7 No.4
Two-dimensional slow viscous flow due to a stokeslet near a slit is investigated on the basis of Stokes approximation. Velocity fields and stream function are obtained in closed forms by finding two sectionally holomorphic functions which are determined by reducing the problem to Riemann-Hilbert problems. The force exerted on a small cylinder is calculated for the arbitrary position of the cylinder translating in an arbitrary direction. The features of fluid flow are also investigated.
고형종 金烏工科大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.18 No.-
A laminar forced convection in the oval ducts with peripherally uniform wall temperature is numerically studied. The wall temperature either varies linearly (constant-heat-rate case) or remains uniform (constant-wall-temperature case) along the axial direction. The flow is assumed to have developed thermally as well as hydrodynamically. The equations of the conservation of momentum and energy are discretized by using the control volume method, and solved by means of line successive over-relaxation. The friction factor and the Nusselt numbers are in good agreement with the known results. The plots of isovels and isothermal lines are also presented for some typical cases.
환형 오벌 덕트 내의 완전히 발달된 유동에 대한 수치해석
김진태,고형종 國立金烏工科大學校附設生産技術硏究所 1995 産業技術開發硏究 Vol.11 No.-
The fully developed laminar flow in oval annular ducts is numerically analyzed. The discretized flow equation is obained on the basis of finite control volume method, and solved by using the line successive over-relaxation(LSOR) method. The friction factor is calculated for varying values of radius ratio(α) and aspect ratio(β). The product of the friction factor and the Reynolds number lies between two limiting values of 16 and 24, which correspond to the circular duct and the two-dimensional channel respectively. The plot of isovelocity contours are also presented for some typical cases.
균일 두께의 자성유체 피막이 있는 평면 벽을 향하는 2차원 정체 유동
고형종(Hyung-Jong Ko),김경훈(Kyoung-Hoon Kim),김세웅(Se-Woong Kim) 한국전산유체공학회 2007 한국전산유체공학회지 Vol.12 No.4
Two-dimensional stagnation flow toward a plane wall coated with magnetic fluid of uniform thickness is investigated. The flow field is represented as a similarity solution of the Navier-Stokes equation for this incompressible laminar flow. The resulting third order ordinary differential equation is solved numerically by using the shooting method and by determining two shooting parameters so as to satisfy the boundary and interface conditions. Features of the flow including streamline patterns are investigated for the varying values of density ratio, viscosity ratio, and Reynolds number. An adverse flow with double eddy pair in magnetic fluid region is found to emerge as the Reynolds number becomes higher than a threshold value. The results for the interface velocity, interface and wall shear stress, and boundary layer and displacement thickness are also presented.
고형종,정재택 國立金烏工科大學校附設生産技術硏究所 1994 産業技術開發硏究 Vol.10 No.-
Two-dimensional shear flow over a plane wall with a slit is investigated on the basis of Stokes approximation. The flow fields are obtained in a closed form by finding two complex analytic functions which are determined by solving a pair of Riemann-Hilbert problems. The stress distributions on the plate, and the streamline pattern including the local behavior near the sharp edges are calculated. The features of flow are also discussed for the cases where a stagnation point flow or a flow due to pressure difference is superposed to the shear flow.
집중시스템 모델을 이용한 이중박동 생명보조장치 작동하의 관상순환계 반응해석
고형종(Hyung-Jong Ko),박종천(Jong-Cheon Park),심은보(Eun-Bo Shim) 한국산업융합학회 2009 한국산업융합학회 논문집 Vol.12 No.1
In this paper, a computational analysis using a lumped system model is performed to investigate the hemodynamics of coronary circulation under the operation of T-PLS relevant to the cardiac arrest cases. The coronary circulation system is assumed to be comprised of three compartments: coronary arteries, coronary capillaries, and coronary veins. The effect of myocardial muscle contraction or relaxation is represented by temporal variations in the bias pressure. To verify the present method, we analyzed the coronary circulation for normal case and then compared the results with the existing data. Numerical results on the cardiac arrest model showed that T-PLS can increase LAD flow significantly.