Quantitative Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography for Glomerular Filtration Rate Measurement

강연구,박소현,서민석,변석수,채동완,이원우 대한핵의학회 2017 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.51 No.4

Purpose We propose a q u a n t i t a t i v e Tc-99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) singlephoton emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurement. Methods Quantitative SPECT/CT data obtained at 2–3 min post-Tc-99m DTPA injection (370 MBq) were used to determine % injected doses (%IDs) for individual kidneys. The reproducibility of %ID measurement was tested and compared with planar scintigraphy. Cr-51 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) GFR was used as reference standard. Nine young volunteers, representing normal GFR, and ten older volunteers, reflecting impaired GFR, were enrolled. The established GFR equation derived from these volunteerswas applied to 19 renal tumor patients post-partial nephrectomy. Results At 2−3 min, %ID was most reproducible with the highest intraclass correlation (ICC) (0.9379) and lowest % coefficient of variation (CV) (6.5259%), which were more reliable than the ICC (0.9368) and %CV (6.7689%) of planar scintigraphy. Cr-51 EDTA GFR (93.16 ± 24.81 ml/min) correlated significantly with %ID (7.66 ± 2.15%, r = 0.7906, p = 0.0001), yielding an equation: Cr-51 EDTA GFR (ml/ min) = (%ID × 9.1462) + 23.0653. This equation revealed significant decreases in total and nephrectomized kidney GFR (p = 0.0012 and p < 0.0001, respectively) from preoperative to 3-month postoperative measurements. Conclusions Quantitative Tc-99m DTPA SPECT/CT produces reliable and clinically applicable %ID estimates that translate to the GFR of individual kidneys.

수술후 원위부에 발생한 뇌내혈종

강연구,정훈,이상평,최기환,여형태,이정길 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.9

Four cases of intracerebral hemorrhage remote from the site of initial supratentorial craniotomy are presented. Traumatic cases are excluded in this report and all cases developed after uneventful elective craniotomy. Two patients had ruptured aneurysm and the other two had giant supratentorial tumors, one craniophayrngioma and one ependymoma. All patients were operated on supine position and no patient had preoperative hypertension. Two had hematoma in the subcortical white matter, one in the cerebellar hemisphere and the other one showed hematoma both in the cerebellar hemisphere and the supratentorial subcortical area. The size of hematoma ranged from 8-20㏄ in volume. No definite cause could be found except one in which the blood pressure was transiently elevated during induction of anesthesia. A possible cause might be the sudden changes of blood pressure during induction and recovery from anesthesia, overdrainage of CSF, continuous CSF drainage and sudden changes in intracranial dynamics by removal of a huge intracranial mass. One patient with intracerebellar hemorrhage needed emergency suboccipital craniectomy for removal of the hematoma. One patient with intracerebellar hemorrhage needed emergency suboccipital craniectomy for removal of the hematoma. One patient with intracerebellar hemorrhage needed emergency suboccipital craniectomy for removal of the hematoma. One patient shows no improvement due to aspiration pneumonia and subsequent lung abscess. Although rare these conditions may occur after any craniotomy and surgeons should always be alert to the possibilities of such comlications, especially when intracranial pressure (ICP) was elevated.

히트펌프를 이용한 농산물 건조 및 저온저장 시스템(II)- 사과의 저온저장 성능 -

강연구,한충수,금동혁 한국농업기계학회 2007 바이오시스템공학 Vol.32 No.2

攀This study was conducted by the research fund supported by Ministry of agriculture and forest. The article was submitted for publication in January 2007, reviewed in February 2007, and approved for publication by the editorial board of KSAM in April 2007. The authors are Youn Ku Kang, KSAM member, Post-Doctoral Researcher, National Institute of Agricultural Engineering(NIAE), Chung Su Han, KSAM member, Professor, Dept of Bio System Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheoungju, Korea, and Dong. Hyuk. Keum, Professor, Dept of Bio-Mechatronic Engineering, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon, Korea.Corresponding author; Y. K. Kang, Energy and Resources Engineering Laboratory, NIAE, Suwon, 441-100, Korea; Tel : +82-31-290-1902; Fax : +82-31-290-1945; E-mail: <ykk0977@rda.go.kr>.攀攀Heat pump systems are recognized to be heating and cooing systems. In this study, to check the practical application possibility of heat pump systems as low temperature storage systems and get basic data, apples of a long term storage items were stored and performance of low temperature storage and quality changes of apples were evaluated.Cooling coefficient of performance of the system was from 1.1 to 1.3. Although ambient air temperature varied widely from -13℃ to 29.6℃ during low temperature storage period from January to June, the average temperature of low temperature storage chamber was 1.1℃ at setting temperature of 1.5℃.Sucrose of apples stored by the heat pump decreased from initial sucrose of 15.4%(Brix number) to final sucrose of 14.3%. Weight loss ratio of apples was 9.7% and internal and external view of apples after low temperature storage were very satisfactory with the naked eye.

수직형 지열히트펌프 시스템의 육묘 온실 냉방 효과 분석

강연구,유영선,김종구,김영화,장재경 (사) 한국생물환경조절학회 2013 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.22 No.1

본 연구에서는 농가현장에 보급되어 있는 350kW (175kW × 2대)급 수직형 지열히트펌프시스템으로 1,650m2면적의 육묘온실에 2011년 6월 7일부터 9월 18일까지냉방실험을 수행하여 냉방성능을 분석하고, 농가현장에서 지열히트펌프를 가동함에 있어 보다 효과적인 운용방법을 고려해보고자 하였다. 증발기측 물 온도차는 증발기 입구 물온도가 26.4℃에서 17.1℃로 변할 때 최대 1.7℃, 최소 0.9℃ 차이(평균1.3℃)를 보였으며, 증발기 입구 물온도가 16.6℃에서13.1℃로 변할 때 최대 1.1oC, 최소 0.8℃(0.9℃) 차이를보였다. 히트펌프를 1대(175kW × 1대) 가동하는 경우, 증발기입구에 유입되는 물온도 13.0~15.5℃(응축기 입구에 유입되는 물온도 19.4~21.2℃) 범위에서 냉방성능계수는1.1~1.8, 발생한 냉방열량은 68.2~106.8kW, 소비전력은61.0kW, 히트펌프를 2대(175kW × 2대) 가동하는 경우,증발기 입구 물온도 10.0~13.0℃(응축기 입구에 유입되는 물온도 18.5~22.2℃) 범위에서 냉방성능계수는 2.0~2.7, 냉방열량은 203.9~262.0kW, 소비전력은 95~98kW 이었다. 6월의 누적 냉방열량은 14,718.6kWh(12,657,996kcal), 누적소비전력은 6,352.0kWh이었으며, 7월은 각각 26,765.1,11,600.0kWh, 8월은 각각 28,437.2, 12,508.0kWh, 9월은10,065.0, 5,125.0kWh로 8월이 가장 큰 냉방열량을 나타내었다. In this study, the cooling experiment was carried out in 1,650 m2 area of the seedling greenhouse fromJune 6, 2011 to september 18, 2011 with the vertical type geothermal heat pump system of 350 kW scale (175 kW ×2 units) installed in the greenhouse, cooling effects were analyzed and we tried to find more effective operationmethods of the geothermal heat pump system. In case of one unit heat pump (175 kW) operation, when evaporatorinlet water temperature changed from 13.0℃ to 15.5℃, cooling COP of the system was in 1.1~1.8 range and in caseof two unit heat pump (350 kW) operation, when evaporator inlet water temperature changed from 13.0 to 15.5,cooling COP of the system was in 2.0~2.7 range. The accumulated cooling heat quantity of June, July, August andSeptember was 14,718.6, 26,765.1, 28,437.2 and 10,065.0 kWh, respectively.

열펌프-잠열축열 시스템의 온실 난방 특성 연구

강연구,송현갑 한국농업기계학회 2000 바이오시스템공학 Vol.25 No.5

Analysis on Heating Effects of the Vertical Type Geothermal Heat Pump System

강연구,류영순,장재경,김영화 한국농업기계학회 2014 바이오시스템공학 Vol.39 No.2

Purpose: This paper is aimed at analyzing the heating performance of the vertical closed loop type Geothermal Heat PumpSystem (GHPS) distributing the farm site and providing basic data of the GHPS. Method: Seedling greenhouse heating wasmade from October 2012 to May 2013. The seedling greenhouse was divided into 4 sectors (A, B, C and D zone, total 3,300m2) with different temperatures. It was heated from 5PM to 8AM, and during the night the greenhouse was covered bynon-woven fabric thermal curtains along the upper 2m of the greenhouse for temperature maintenance. In order to analyzethe heating performance of the GHPS, power consumption and operating time of the GHPS, inlet and outlet watertemperature of the condenser, temperatures of each zone of the greenhouse, and ambient temperature were measured. Results: When operating only one heat pump unit, heat generated in the condenser decreased as the experiment progressedand power consumption increased correspondingly. However, the heating coefficient of performance decreased from 3.3 to2.0 rapidly. Also, when operating two heat pump units, heat generated in the condenser decreased and power consumptionincreased. Heating coefficient of performance decreased from 4.5 to 3.7 rapidly. When the set temperature of thegreenhouse was 13.7~20.1°C and minimum ambient temperature was -20.8~4.8°C, the annually accumulated heat andpower consumption were 520,623 kW, 142,304 kW, respectively. Conclusion: When the set temperature of the greenhousewas 13.7~20.1°C and the minimum ambient temperature was 20.8~4.8°C, the annually accumulated heat and powerconsumption were 520,623 kW, 142,304 kW, respectively. When operating only one heat pump unit, the heating COP was2.0~3.3, and when operating 2 heat pump units, it was 3.7~4.5. If several heat pumps are installed in one GHPS, it issuggested that all heat pumps be operated except in special cases. Because the scale of the water pumps are set to the scaleof when all heat pump units are operating, if even one unit is not operating, the power consumption will increase. Thatbecomes the cause of COP decrease.

규사와 액상형 고화제를 혼입한 황토모르타르의 특성에 관한 연구

강연구,조창희,이병호 대한건축학회지회연합회 2015 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.17 No.1

황토를 현대건축재료로 이용하기 위해서는 황토가 갖고 있는 장점과 현대 건축기술의 장점을 최대화하기 위한 것으로 시멘트를 100% 치환 할 수 있는 고화제를 이용해 황토모르타르에 대한 특성 등의 실험 결과에 따라 최적 배합을 통해 건축물의 구조재 및 마감재료로 사용 가능성을 확인하고 촉진시킴으로써 에너지 사용저감에 따른 환경보전에 기여함을 목적으로 한다. Loess is having to use a modern building material ocher Using a solidifying agent which can be replaced 100% of the cement is intended to maximize the benefits and advantages of the modern construction techniques used to determine the possibility of building and finishing materials with the optimal structural combination, depending on the experimental results, such characteristics of the yellow soil mortar an object of the present invention, and to contribute to environmental protection by promoting in accordance with the reduction of energy use.

성장성 두개골 골절 : 증례보고 A Case Report

강연구,정훈,이상평,최기환,여형태,이정길 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.10

소아 연령층, 특히 3세 이하에서 비개방성 두부 외상과 관련된 두개골의 주요 이개성 골절이 있는 경우 규칙적인 추적조사를 통하여 성장성 두개골 골절이 발견될 경우 조기에 수술적 치료로 교정함으로써 점차 진행될 수 있는 뇌조직 연화와 손상을 방지하여야 할 것이며 특히 두개성형은 특이한 경우가 아니면 반드시 자가골을 이용하는 것이 옳을 것으로 사료된다. The authors report a case of growing fracture of the skull. also called as leptomeningeal cyst. in a young boy who presented with symptoms of skull defect. headache. and pulsating mass on right posterior parietal area. Successful duroplasty and cranioplasty with autogenous bone were performed resulting in disappearance of all symtoms. The most significant factor contributing to the growing fracture is an underlying dura tear. A brief review of the relevant literature is also presented.

개의 피부병 종류와 진단 및 치료

강연구 충남대학교 농과대학 2003 논문집 Vol.- No.9

열펌프를 이용한 온실난방 시스템 (열펌프 - 토양 - 잠열축열시스템)

강연구,송현갑 한국태양에너지학회 1999 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-