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Disorders of Small and Large Intestine : Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction
( Sung Yeun Yang ),( Su Kyoung Kwon ),( Jae Whan Kim ),( Tae Hee Kim ),( Sang Hoon Seol ) 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-
Background/Alms: Pseudoobstruction occurs in the absence of mechanical obstruction, thus is thought to result from impaired bowel motility. The characteristic symptoms are nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension and constipation. Neuroparhic disorders more common and may be primary or secondary (eg, fetal alcohol syndrome, ischemic events, viral infections). Methods: A 45-year old women presented with a one-month history of nausea, vomiting and poor oral intake. The patient had history of epilepsy and had been took valproate daily since she was middle school age. Results: On examination, the patient had abdominal distension and tympanic sound on the abdomen at percussion. Laboratory test were unremarkable. A plain abdominal radiograph showed marked distended colonic bowel gas (Fig. 1). There was no visible peristalsis at ascending and transverse colon. A computed tomographic scan of the abdomen showed abnormal cystic dilatation of large bowel loop of the cecum, ascending and transverse colon. The most severely dilated portion of the colon is about. 11 cm in diameter (Fig. 2). There was no evidence of mass or stricture. There was air density in the rectum on the simple abdomen, we excluded the presence of the mechanical obstruction of the colon, and diagnosed as colonic pseudo-obstruction. She was slightly improved after administration of intravenous neostigmine. But symptom was aggravated two days later. The patient underwent operation with total colectomy. She has subsequently shown a steady improvement after operation, remains free of symptoms until present. Conclusions: Colonic decompression with nasogastric tubes, enemas, rectal tubes and colonoscopy may be helpful. Also administration of intravenous neostigmine may be beneficial. Inspite of these treatments, surgical colectomy should be considered as decompression treatment.
Preparation of Bioactive Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic)Acid and Silica Gel Fibers Mixed Non-Woven Fabric
Seol, Yang Jo,Kim, In Ae,Lee, Yong Keun,Lim, Bum Soon,Rhee, Sang Hoon Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2007 Key Engineering Materials Vol.361 No.-
<P>Poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid and silica gel fibers mixed non-woven fabric was made by electro-spinning method for the potential application as a bone grafting material. The silica gel, the source material for electro-spinning, was prepared by the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate in the presence of calcium salt, water, hydrochloric acid and ethanol. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid solution was prepared by dissolving it in the hexafluoroisopropanol. Then, they were transferred to two separate syringes which were connected to the high voltage supply generating a high electric field between the spinneret and the ground collecting drum. The silica gel containing calcium and poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid solution were spun together under the electric field of 2 ㎸/㎝. The FE-SEM observations showed that the silica gel and poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid fibers were mixed together completely and its handling property was much improved compared to that of the non-woven silica gel fabric. After soaking in the SBF for 1 week, low crystalline apatite crystals were also observed to occur on the silica fiber surfaces first and then they were also observed to occur on the poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid fiber surfaces. From the results, it can be concluded that the poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid and silica gel fibers mixed non-woven fabric made by electro-spinning method has a bioactivity. It means it has a potential to be used as a bone grafting material because of its apatite-forming ability, high surface area to volume ratio and high porosity.</P>
Seol, Yang-Jo,Kim, Kyoung-Hwa,Kim, In Ae,Rhee, Sang-Hoon Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A Vol.a94 No.2
<P>A nonwoven ceramic/polymer composite fabric composed of randomly mixed bioactive and fast degradable CaO-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> gel fibers and biodegradable poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers is prepared with a simultaneous electrospinning method for potential use as bone grafting materials. A 17% PCL solution is prepared using 1,1,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol as the solvent, whereas the CaO-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> gel solution is prepared via a condensation reaction following the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate. PCL and CaO-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> gel solutions are spun simultaneously with two separate nozzles. As controls, pure PCL and CaO-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> gel nonwoven fabrics are also made by the same methods. The three nonwoven fabrics were exposed to simulated body fluid for 1 week and resulted in the deposition of a layer of apatite crystals on the surfaces of both the CaO-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> gel and PCL/CaO-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> gel composite fabrics, but not on the PCL fabric. A tensile strength test showed that the fracture behavior of the CaO-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> gel fabric was brittle, that of the PCL fabric was ductile-tough, and that of the PCL/CaO-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> gel composite fabric was intermediate between that of the CaO-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> gel and PCL fabrics. Our in vivo tests showed that the CaO-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> gel and PCL/CaO-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> gel composite fabrics had good osteoconductivity and fast degradation rates in calvarial defects of New Zealand white rabbits within 4 weeks, in contrast to the pure PCL fabric. Together, these results suggest that the composite fabric composed of PCL and CaO-SiO<SUB>2</SUB> gel fibers must have a great potential for use in applications such as bone grafting because of its good osteoconductivity and adequate mechanical properties. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010</P>
Graphene/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/AlGaN/GaN Schottky MISIM Diode for Sensing Double UV Bands
Seol, Jeong-Hoon,Kang, Sang-Bum,Lee, Chang-Ju,Won, Chul-Ho,Park, Hongsik,Lee, Jung-Hee,Hahm, Sung-Ho IEEE 2016 IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL Vol.16 No.18
<P>We propose graphene as a Schottky metal electrode material for an AlGaN/GaN heterostructure layer-based metal-insulator-semiconductor-insulator-metal ( MISIM)-type UV sensor. The fabricated AlGaN/GaN MISIM UV sensor showed two distinguishable sensing windows, namely, a UV-A and a UV-B region with sharp cutoff characteristic. The graphene-electrode UV sensor had a lower dark current density and better UV-to-visible rejection ratio than that of a Ni-electrode UV sensor.</P>
Is propofol safe when administered to cirrhotic patients during sedative endoscopy?
( Sang Jun Suh ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Eileen L Yoon ),( Beom Jae Lee ),( Jong Jin Hyun ),( Sung Woo Jung ),( Ja Seol Koo ),( Ji Hoon Kim ),( Kyung Jin Kim ),( Rok Son Choung ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Jong 대한내과학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.29 No.1
Background/Aims: In patients with liver cirrhosis, drugs acting on the central nervous system can lead to hepatic encephalopathy and the effects may be pro-longed. Recently, misuse of propofol has been reported and the associated risk of death have become an issue. Propofol is commonly used during sedative endoscopy; therefore, its safety in high-risk groups must be further investigated. We performed a pilot study of the safety and effi cacy of propofol during endos-copy in Korean patients with cirrhosis. Methods: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed under sedation with propofol along with careful monitoring in 20 patients with liver cirrhosis and 20 control subjects. The presence or development of hepatic encephalopathy was as-sessed using the number connection test and neurologic examination. Results: Neither respiratory depression nor clinically significant hypotension were observed. Immediate postanesthetic recovery at 5 and 10 minutes after the procedure was delayed in the cirrhotic patients compared with the control group; however, at 30 minutes, the postanesthetic recovery was similar in both groups. Baseline psychomotor performance was more impaired in cirrhotic patients, but propofol was not associated with deteriorated psychomotor function even in cir-rhotic patients with a minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Conclusions: Sedation with propofol was well tolerated in cirrhotic patients. No newly developed hepatic encephalopathy was observed.
Porphyrin–Silicon Hybrid Field-Effect Transistor with Individually Addressable Top-gate Structure
Seol, Myeong-Lok,Choi, Sung-Jin,Kim, Chang-Hoon,Moon, Dong-Il,Choi, Yang-Kyu American Chemical Society 2012 ACS NANO Vol.6 No.1
<P>A conductance-controllable hybrid device that utilizes the photoinduced charge transfer behavior of a porphyrin in a field-effect transistor (FET) with a nanogap is proposed and analyzed. A conventional metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structure is modified to form a nanogap in which the porphyrin can be embedded. The conductance of an inversion channel is controlled by the negatively charged, optically activated porphyrin molecules. The proposed nanogap-formed MOSFET structure solves the conventional dilemma that a top-gate cannot be used for an organic–inorganic hybrid device because the top-gate blocks an entire area of a channel where organic material should be immobilized. The top-gate structure has much practicality compared with the back-gate structure because each device can be controlled individually. Furthermore, the device is highly compatible with the chip-based integrated system because the fabrication process follows the standard complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The charge transfer mechanisms between silicon and porphyrin are analyzed using devices with different doping polarities and geometrical parameters. The results show that the influence of the negative charge of the porphyrin in the device is reversed when opposite doping polarities are used. The device characteristics can be comprehensively evaluated using the energy band diagram analysis and simulation. The possible application of the proposed device for nonvolatile memory is demonstrated using the optical charging and electrical discharging behavior of the porphyrins.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2012/ancac3.2012.6.issue-1/nn204535p/production/images/medium/nn-2011-04535p_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn204535p'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>