http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Kwon, Yo Han,Woo, Sang‐,Wook,Jung, Hye‐,Ran,Yu, Hyung Kyun,Kim, Kitae,Oh, Byung Hun,Ahn, Soonho,Lee, Sang‐,Young,Song, Seung‐,Wan,Cho, Jaephil,Shin, Heon‐,Cheol,Kim, Je Y WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Advanced Materials Vol.24 No.38
<P>The first ever demonstration of a cable‐type lithium ion battery architecture with outstanding omni‐directional flexibility is described by Je Young Kim, Heon‐Cheol Shin, and co‐workers on page 5192. The Front Cover image illustrates the unique battery architecture comprising a skeleton frame surrounding an empty space, that is, a hollow‐spiral anode with a multi‐helical structure. This design enables the battery to reliably power an LED screen or an MP3 player even under severe mechanical twisting and bending. </P>
Cho, Sungchan,Kim, Jong Heon,Back, Sung Hoon,Jang, Sung Key American Society for Microbiology 2005 Molecular and cellular biology Vol.25 No.4
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>The p27<SUP>Kip1</SUP> protein plays a critical role in the regulation of cell proliferation through the inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase activity. Translation of p27<SUP>Kip1</SUP> is directed by an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) in the 5′ nontranslated region of p27<SUP>Kip1</SUP> mRNA. Here, we report that polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB) specifically enhances the IRES activity of p27<SUP>Kip1</SUP> mRNA through an interaction with the IRES element. We found that addition of PTB to an in vitro translation system and overexpression of PTB in 293T cells augmented the IRES activity of p27<SUP>Kip1</SUP> mRNA but that knockdown of PTB by introduction of PTB-specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) diminished the IRES activity of p27<SUP>Kip1</SUP> mRNA. Moreover, the G1 phase in the cell cycle (which is maintained in part by p27<SUP>Kip1</SUP>) was shortened in cells depleted of PTB by siRNA knockdown. 12-<I>O</I>-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced differentiation in HL60 cells was used to examine PTB-induced modulation of p27<SUP>Kip1</SUP> protein synthesis during differentiation. The IRES activity of p27<SUP>Kip1</SUP> mRNA in HL60 cells was increased by TPA treatment (with a concomitant increase in PTB protein levels), but the levels of p27<SUP>Kip1</SUP> mRNA remained unchanged. Together, these data suggest that PTB modulates cell cycle and differentiation, at least in part, by enhancing the IRES activity of p27<SUP>Kip1</SUP> mRNA.</P>
Cho, Seong-Heon,Lee, Sang Soo,Jung, Sungyup,Park, Young-Kwon,Lin, Kun-Yi Andrew,Lee, Jechan,Kwon, Eilhann E. Elsevier 2019 Energy conversion and management Vol.201 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study aimed to determine the synergistic effects of CO<SUB>2</SUB> on the catalytic pyrolysis of pine sawdust over a Ni-based catalyst (Ni/SiO<SUB>2</SUB>) to establish a sustainable platform for H<SUB>2</SUB> production. To elucidate the reaction mechanism, the CO<SUB>2</SUB>-cofeeding pyrolysis of pine sawdust was performed. The CO<SUB>2</SUB>-cofeeding pyrolysis of pine sawdust proved that the gas-phase reaction between CO<SUB>2</SUB> and pyrolysates led to the increase in the amount of generated CO. The CO<SUB>2</SUB> enhanced thermal cracking and dehydrogenation. These mechanistic features of CO<SUB>2</SUB> were catalytically enhanced when Ni/SiO<SUB>2</SUB> was employed as heterogeneous catalyst, which led to an increase in the amounts of generated H<SUB>2</SUB> and CO. Hence, the CO that was additionally generated during the gas-phase reaction of CO<SUB>2</SUB> and pyrolysates could be further converted into H<SUB>2</SUB>. In addition, CO<SUB>2</SUB> could be looped in the CO<SUB>2</SUB>-cofeeding pyrolysis of pine sawdust. Furthermore, exploiting CO<SUB>2</SUB> as raw material or reactive gas medium in the catalytic pyrolysis process also offered a strategic means for preventing coke formation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CO<SUB>2</SUB> offers a strategic means to maximize the carbon utilization and H<SUB>2</SUB> production. </LI> <LI> CO<SUB>2</SUB> expedites kinetics of gas phase reaction between CO<SUB>2</SUB> and volatile pyrolysates. </LI> <LI> Ni/SiO<SUB>2</SUB> catalytically enhances mechanistic roles of CO<SUB>2</SUB> in pyrolysis. </LI> <LI> Exploiting CO<SUB>2</SUB> in catalytic pyrolysis could prevent coke formation. </LI> </UL> </P>
The review of the clinical usefulness and price of currently listed drugs in South Korea
CHO Jung Sook,KIM Jung Ock,PARK Eun Yeong,LIM Min Kyoung,LEE Jin Hee,LEE Jong Hwan,SUNG Ye Na,YOON Sang-heon,NA Yewon,KIM Ji Yeon,LEE Seung Yeon,LEE Sook Hyun,LEE Yeun Hee,SO Soo Mi,KIM Byung Soo,LEE 대한약학회 2012 大韓藥學會 總會 및 學術大會 Vol.2012 No.1
Cho, Sung Haeng,Ko, Jong Beom,Ryu, Min Ki,Yang, Jong-Heon,Yeom, Hye-In,Lim, Sun Kwon,Hwang, Chi-Sun,Park, Sang-Hee Ko Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2015 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol. No.
<P>We report the electrical characteristics of backchannel etch (BCE) metal–oxide–semiconductor thin-film transistor (TFT) comprised of aluminum-doped tin–zinc–indium oxide (ATZIO). It has high etch selectivity in wet chemical etchants, which consist of H<SUB>3</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB>, CH<SUB>3</SUB>COOH, and HNO<SUB>3</SUB>. This is contrary to the conventional metal–oxide–semiconductors of indium–gallium–zinc oxides, which are highly soluble in the acidic chemicals. As a result, no etch stop layer is needed to protect the backchannel from the wet etchant damage during the source and drain patterning in the bottom-gate-staggered TFT structure. This provides the possibility of oxide TFT fabrication process made as simple as that of the current amorphous silicon TFT using three or four photomasks with short channel length and less parasitic capacitance. The electrical characteristics of our ATZIO BCE-TFTs have the mobility of 21.4 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/ <TEX>$\text{V}\cdot \text{s}$</TEX>, subthreshold swing (S.S) of 0.11 V/decade, and threshold voltage of 0.8 V. In spite of the BCE structure, they have excellent stability against bias temperature stress, which shows the threshold voltage shifts of +0.75 V and −0.51 V under the prolonged positive (+20 V) and negative (−20 V) gate bias stresses for 10 000 s at 60 °C, respectively.</P>
Sang-Heon Cho,Jung-Hee Lee,Hyeong-Seok Lim,Kyoo-Hyung Lee,Dae-Young Kim,Sangmin Choe,Kyun-Seop Bae,Je-Hwan Lee 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.20 No.3
The objective of this study was to externally validate a new dosing scheme for busulfan. Thirty-seven adult patients who received busulfan as conditioning therapy for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) participated in this prospective study. Patients were randomized to receive intravenous busulfan, either as the conventional dosage (3.2 mg/kg daily) or according to the new dosing scheme based on their actual body weight (ABW) (23×ABW<sup>0.5</sup> mg daily) targeting an area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of 5924 μM∙min. Pharmacokinetic profiles were collected using a limited sampling strategy by randomly selecting 2 time points at 3.5, 5, 6, 7 or 22 hours after starting busulfan administration. Using an established population pharmacokinetic model with NONMEM software, busulfan concentrations at the available blood sampling times were predicted from dosage history and demographic data. The predicted and measured concentrations were compared by a visual predictive check (VPC). Maximum a <i>posteriori</i> Bayesian estimators were estimated to calculate the predicted AUC (AUC<sub>PRED</sub>). The accuracy and precision of the AUC<sub>PRED</sub> values were assessed by calculating the mean prediction error (MPE) and root mean squared prediction error (RMSE), and compared with the target AUC of 5924 μM∙min. VPC showed that most data fell within the 95% prediction interval. MPE and RMSE of AUC<sub>PRED</sub> were -5.8% and 20.6%, respectively, in the conventional dosing group and –2.1% and 14.0%, respectively, in the new dosing scheme group. These findings demonstrated the validity of a new dosing scheme for daily intravenous busulfan used as conditioning therapy for HCT.
Efficient Verification of X-ray Target Replacement for the C-series High Energy Linear Accelerator
Cho, Jin Dong,Chun, Minsoo,Son, Jaeman,An, Hyun Joon,Yoon, Jeongmin,Choi, Chang Heon,Kim, Jung-in,Park, Jong Min,Kim, Jin Sung Korean Society of Medical Physics 2018 의학물리 Vol.29 No.3
The manufacturer of a linear accelerator (LINAC) has reported that the target melting phenomenon could be caused by a non-recommended output setting and the excessive use of monitor unit (MU) with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Due to these reasons, we observed an unexpected beam interruption during the treatment of a patient in our institution. The target status was inspected and a replacement of the target was determined. After the target replacement, the beam profile was adjusted to the machine commissioning beam data, and the absolute doses-to-water for 6 MV and 10 MV photon beams were calibrated according to American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group (TG)-51 protocol. To verify the beam data after target replacement, the beam flatness, symmetry, output factor, and percent depth dose (PDD) were measured and compared with the commissioning data. The difference between the referenced and measured data for flatness and symmetry exhibited a coincidence within 0.3% for both 6 MV and 10 MV, and the difference of the PDD at 10 cm depth ($PDD_{10}$) was also within 0.3% for both photon energies. Also, patient-specific quality assurances (QAs) were performed with gamma analysis using a 2-D diode and ion chamber array detector for eight patients. The average gamma passing rates for all patients for the relative dose distribution was $99.1%{\pm}1.0%$, and those for absolute dose distribution was $97.2%{\pm}2.7%$, which means the gamma analysis results were all clinically acceptable. In this study, we recommend that the beam characteristics, such as beam profile, depth dose, and output factors, should be examined. Further, patient-specific QAs should be performed to verify the changes in the overall beam delivery system when a target replacement is inevitable; although it is more important to check the beam output in a daily routine.
O-GlcNAc Modification on E-cadherin repressor Snail confers Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Sang Yoon Park,Hyun Sil Kim,Nam Hee Kim,Won Ho Yang,Jeong Gu Kang,Suena Ji,Shi Eun Kang,Ichiro Ota,Keiji Shimada,Noboru Konishi,Mi Heon Ryu,Hyung Wook Nam,Jong In Yook,Jin Won Cho 한국당과학회 2009 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.1
The transcriptional repressor Snail plays a key role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by which direct repression of E-cadherin transcription. Therefore, regulation of Snail expression level in epithelial tumor cells is important not only for maintaining of epithelial homeostasis, but also for invasion and metastasis of cancer cells by the EMT program. Series of Ser imbedded in Snail are phosphorylated by GSK3 and Snail expression is dynamically regulated by Wnt signaling together with β-catenin while driving a Snail-dependent EMT program. Glucose flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) can be used for the source of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine(O-GlcNAc) modification on Ser and Thr residues of various nucleocytoplasmic proteins. In this study, we demonstrate that Ser112 of Snail is O-GlcNAcylated and this adjacent-site occupancy inhibits phosphorylation by GSK-3, resulting in increased Snail stability and attenuation of E-cadherin proximal promoter activity and transcription level. Furthermore, Overexpression of OGT induces in vivo invasion program of epithelial cancer cells by Snail-dependent manner. Taken together, our results indicate dynamic interplay between O-GlcNAcylation and GSK-3 phosphorylation of Snail, and our observations may provide the molecular insight of pathogenic and prognostic correlation between cancer progression and hyperglycemic condition of diabetes.