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好氣性 固定床 生物膜 反應槽의 메디아로 폐칫솔의 利用可能性 檢討에 관한 基礎硏究 : 처리효율을 중심으로
임채영,김정권,성낙창,신남철,김형석,전기일 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 硏究報告 Vol.20 No.1
This study was conducted to evaluate the possibility to apply the waste toothbrush to aerobic fixed biofilm reactor for media. The media used for this research was waste toothbrush (WTB) and Pall-Ring. The feed used for this research was synthetic wastewater which was made at the laboratory. The COD, NH₄^(+)- N and PO₄^(-3)-P removal efficiency variations with the organic loading rate was examined at this research. The conclusions drawn from these experiments are listed below : 1. When the influent COD concentration was respectively 300mg/ℓ, 600mg/ℓ, the COD removal efficiency was decreased with the increase of the organic loading rate and the COD removal efficiency for Pall-Ring was higher than the COD removal efficiency was 0.4~1.9%. 2. When the influent NH₄^(+)-N concentration was respectively 13mg/ℓ (COD 300mg/ℓ), 25mg/ℓ (COD 600mg/ℓ ), the NH₄^(+)-N removal efficiency for Pall-Ring was slightly higher than the NH₄^(+)-N removal efficiency for Wastetooth brush. The difference of NH₄^(+)-N removal efficiency was about 0.5~1.5%. 3. When the influent PO₄^(-3)-P concentration was respectively 7mg/ℓ (COD 300mg/ℓ), 14mg/ℓ (COD 600mg/ℓ ), the PO₄^(-3)-P removal efficiency for Pall-Ring was higher than the PO₄^(-3)-P removal efficiency for Wastetooth brush. The difference of PO₄^(-3)-P removal efficiency was about 1.1~2%. 4. COD, NH₄^(+)-N and PO₄^(-3)-P removal efficiencies show very small difference between Pall-Ring and Wastetooth brush as media. So it was showed that wastetooth brush can be used as media very successfully.
이진 트리의 최적 2-에지 번호매김에 대한 근사 알고리즘
고형대,임형석,박승배 木浦大學校 情報産業硏究所 1998 情報産業硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-
For a given graph G(V.E). labeling on the graph G is a one-to-one mapping of vertices V into distinct integers. d-edge labeling on the graph G is labeling such that each label is a power of d, when the edge label of an edge is the absolute difference between the labels fob end-vertices of edge. d-edge labelings on the special classes of tree such as full binary trees and binomial trees have benn investigated, but 2-edge labeling on arbitrary binary trees has not known up to now. In this thesis, we present the two approximation algorithms of 2-edge labeling on arbitrary binary tress. The time complexities of these algorithms are O(NlgoN) and O(N²logN), respectively. In addtion, we show that the second algorithm obtains the optimal solutions in the every case of experiments.
Postgastrectomy pharmacokinetic changes of S-1 in patients with localized advanced gastric cancer.
Lim, Hyeong-Seok,Ryu, Keun Won,Lee, Jun Ho,Kim, Young-Woo,Ju Choi, Il,Kim, Mi-Jung,Park, Young-Iee,Hwang, Aekyung,Park, Sook Ryun J.B. Lippincott Co. [etc.] 2015 The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Vol.55 No.8
<P>S-1 is an oral 5-fluorouracil agent containing tegafur, 5-chloro-2, 4-dihydroxypyridine (CDHP), and potassium oxonate. This study explored the pharmacokinetics of S-1 and pharmacokinetic changes after gastric surgery in patients with resectable gastric cancer who received pre- and postoperative S-1 plus docetaxel. Serial blood was drawn before and after gastrectomy from 37 patients for pharmacokinetic analysis. The pharmacokinetics of tegafur, 5-fluorouracil, and CDHP were analyzed by noncompartmental analysis (NCA) methods and by modeling. In modeling analysis, CHDP concentrations were incorporated in the model as a time-varying covariate that inhibits the clearance of 5-fluorouracil following an inhibitory Emax model. In NCA, the pharmacokinetics of tegafur and 5-FU before and after gastric surgery were similar, although average maximum concentrations of 5-FU were decreased with statistical significance after gastrectomy. Median Tmax of tegafur was shorter after surgery without statistical significance. In modeling analysis, tegafur was best fitted by mixed zero and first-order absorption. The only difference in the final pharmacokinetic model around gastrectomy was the presence of an absorption lag of 0.23 hours before surgery. Incorporation of CDHP concentrations significantly improved the model. Although some pharmacokinetic results showed statistically significant changes after gastrectomy, these differences seem to be too small to have any clinical implication.</P>
Lim, Hyeong-Seok,Im, Jeong-Soo,Cho, Joo-Youn,Bae, Kyun-Seop,Klein, Terry A.,Yeom, Joon-Sup,Kim, Tae-Seon,Choi, Jae-Seon,Jang, In-Jin,Park, Jae-Won American Society for Microbiology 2009 Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol.53 No.4
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an antimalarial drug used as chemoprophylaxis against malaria caused by <I>Plasmodium vivax</I> in the Republic of Korea Army (ROKA). In this study, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) of HCQ and its metabolites and the relationship between the PK of HCQ and the effect of treatment of HCQ on vivax malaria in South Koreans. Three PK studies of HCQ were conducted with 91 healthy subjects and patients with vivax malaria. Plasma concentrations were analyzed by noncompartmental and mixed-effect modeling approaches. A two-compartment model with first-order absorption best described the data. The clearance and the central and peripheral volumes of distribution were 15.5 liters/h, 733 liters, and 1,630 liters, respectively. We measured the plasma concentrations of HCQ in patients with prophylactic failure of HCQ and compared them with the prediction intervals of the simulated concentrations for HCQ from the final PK model built in this study. In 71% of the patients with prophylactic failure, the plasma concentrations of HCQ were below the lower bounds of the 95% prediction interval, while only 8% of them showed higher levels than the upper bounds of the 95% prediction interval. We report that a significant cause of prophylactic failure among the individuals in ROKA was ascribed to plasma concentrations of HCQ lower than those predicted by the PK model. However, prophylactic failure despite sufficient plasma concentrations of HCQ was confirmed in several individuals, warranting continued surveillance to monitor changes in the HCQ susceptibility of <I>Plasmodium vivax</I> in the Republic of Korea.</P>
COX-2 targeting indomethacin conjugated fluorescent probe
Kim, Hyeong Seok,Park, Taegun,Ren, Wen Xiu,Lim, Ja-Yun,Won, Miae,Heo, June Seok,Lee, Seung Gwan,Kim, Jong Seung Elsevier 2018 Dyes and pigments Vol.150 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The COX-2 targeting indomethacin-conjugated fluorescent probe <B>IQ-1</B> was synthesized newly for selective fluorescence imaging of cancer cells over normal cells. <B>IQ-1</B> caused stronger fluorescencc imaging of COX-2 overexpressing cancer cells (OVCAR3, HepG2 and Hela cells) than of normal cell lines (RAW 246.7 and fibroblast cells). LPS, an oxidative stress agent, treated inflamed cell lines inducing high COX-2 levels also revealed an enhanced fluorescence. In inhibitory studies, a markedly reducd fluorescence intensity was observed in cancer cells co-treated with an inhibitor, such as indomethacin and aceclofenac. Therefore, <B>IQ-1</B> can be used as a selective bioimaging agent for cancer cells over normal cells, and could be developed for efficient diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring in precision medicine.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The first chromenone fluorescent probe conjugated with indomethacin for COX-2 overexpressed cancer cells. </LI> <LI> Non-toxic under biological environments. </LI> <LI> Marked selectivity of probe <B>IQ-1</B> toward cancer cells over normal cells. </LI> <LI> Increased fluorescence of <B>IQ-1</B> in cell lines upon treatment of LPS (inducing oxidative stress) enhancing the COX-2 level. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>