Citrobacter sp.에 의한 Triphenylmethane계 색소의 분해

민상기,조영배,전홍기 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 1995 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.11 No.-

염색공장 폐수처리장의 폭기조로부터 분리한 Citrobacter sp. SK-3균주의 생육 특성을 검토하고, triphenylmethane계 색소중 염기성 염료로 사용빈도가 높은 crystal violet을 비롯한 pararosaniline, brilliant green등에 대한 분해능을 조사하였으며, crystal violet의 분해산물을 HPLC로 추정하였다. Citrobacter sp. SK-3균주의 triphenylmethane계 색소를 분해하기 위한 최적배지 조성은 최소 무기염배지에 탄소원으로서는 galactose 0.5%, 질소원으로서는 beef extract 0.1%, 초발 pH는 8.0-9.0 였으며, 최적배지에 crystal violet 200ppm을 첨가하여 40℃ 부근에서 배양하였을 때 24시간 이내에 100%의 분해율을 나타내었다. Citrobacter sp. SK-3균주는 triphenylmethane계 색소중 crystal violet뿐만 아니라 malachite green, pararosaniline, brilliant green, methyl violet, basic fuchsin 등과, Azo계 색소인 methyl red를 분해하였다. Citrobacter sp. SK-3균주는 무기염 배지상에서 crystal violet, brilliant green을 유일한 탄소원, 질소원으로 이용하여 생육 가능하였다. Citrobacter sp. SK-3균주에 의한 crystal violet 분해산물을 TLC 및 HPLC로서 분석한 결과, crystal violet의 기본골격에 결합된 methyl기가 점차 demethylation되어 pentamethyl-, tetramethyl-, trimethyl- pararosaniline등의 물질들로 분해되어짐을 확인할 수 있었다. The optimal condition for degradation of crystal violet and other triphenylmethane dyes by Citrobacter sp. SK-3 isolated from the activated sludhe of dye manufacturing factory was investigated. The optimal culture medium for the degradation of triphenylmethane dye was composed of minimum inorganic salt medium supplemented with 0.5% galactose, 0.1% beef extract, with the initial pH of 8.0 to 9.0. Under this condition, Citrobacter sp. SK-3 degraded 200ppm of crystal violet completely within 24 hours. Citrobacter sp. SK-3 also degraded efficiently malachite green, pararosaniline, brilliant green, methyl violet, basic fuchsin and methyl red. Analysis of the degradation products of crystal violet through thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography indicated that the methyl groups bound to crystal violet backborn were gradually demethylated to pentamethyl-, tetramethyl- and trimethylpararosaniline.

생활용수 공급을 위한 우수집수 시스템

전인배,지홍기 圓光大學校 環境建設硏究所 2000 環境建設論文集 Vol.9 No.-

The purpose of this study is to improve inefficient use of rainwater in islands where it is use rainwater to supply the domestic water and to propose rainwater harvesting system that is most appropriate to the characteristics of precipitation in Korea. To accomplish this purposes, Cheju island was chosen as an study area and the design for the roof area and tank size of rainwater harvesting system was based on the result of the simulation done with the actual precipitation and domestic water use data. The theory of Runs was used in this analysis to design a stable rainwater harvesting system and for economic purpose, public rainwater harvesting system operated with private rainwater harvesting system at once. Since the result of the analysis indicated that the designed rainwater harvesting system was operated stably in Cheju island, the same result is expected in other island too. Therefore, if this system is executed together with the roof rehabilitation work of island area, it will bring positive effects on both the improvement of residential environment and the security of domestic water.

도서지역의 우수집수 시스템 개발 : 제주지역을 중심으로 Focus in Cheju Island

전인배,허창환,지홍기 대한상하수도학회 2002 상하수도학회지 Vol.16 No.2

This study aims at the development of rainwater harvesting system in an island where rainwater used to supply domestic water. To accomplish this purpose, Cheju island was chosen as the study area and designed the roof area. The storage tank size of the rainwater harvesting system was based on the results of frequency analysis with actual rainfall and domestic water data. The theory of frequency was used in this analysis to design a stable rainwater harvesting system. It found that Generalized Logistic (GLO) distribution was suitable in the result of frequency analysis. Security rates (80, 90, 99%) used to remedy a defect of designed rainwater harvesting system according to return period was solved the water deficiency. Therefore, developed rainwater harvesting system in this study can be provided the solution which is reduced surface runoff in wet period and supplied water in dry period. This system is effective way of water management in islands.

치수 치근단 병소의 전구 위험요인으로서의 제 2 형 당뇨의 역할에 관한 소고

김진희,배광식,서덕규,홍성태,이윤,홍삼표,금기연 大韓齒科保存學會 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.3

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a syndrome accompanied with the abnormal secretion or function of insulin, a hormone that plays a vital role in controlling the blood glucose level (BGL). Type 1 and 2 DM are most common form and the prevalence of the latter is recently increasing. The aim of this article was to assess whet her Type 2 DM could act as a predisposing risk factor on the pulpo-periapical pathogenesis. Previous literature on the pathologic changes of blood vessels in DM was thoroughly reviewed. Furthermore, a histopathologic analysis of artificially-induced periapical specimens obtained from Type 2 diabetic and DM-resistant rats was compared. Histopathologic results demonstrate that the size of periapical bone destruction was larger and the degree of pulpal inflammation was more severe in diabetic rats, indicating that Type 2 DM itself can be a predisposing risk factor that makes the host more susceptible to pulpal infection. The possible reasons may be that in diabetic state the lumen of pulpal blood vessels are thickened by atheromatous deposits, and microcirculation is hindered. The function of polymorphonuclear leukocyte is also impaired and the migration of immune cells is blocked. leading to increased chance of pulpal infection. Also, lack of collateral circulation of pulpal blood vessels makes the pulp more susceptible to infection. These decrease the regeneration capacity of pulpal cells or tissues, delaying the healing process. Therefore, when restorative treatment is needed in Type 2 DM patients, dentists should minimize irritation to the pulpal tissue under control of BGL. 당뇨(Diabetes Mellitus)란 혈당을 조절하는 인슐린의 분비나 기능에 장애를 야기하는 질환으로 인슐린 의존성 여부에 따라 제 1 형과 제 2 형으로 분류된다. 본 종설은 최근 증가 추세에 있는 제 2 형 당뇨가 치수 치근단 병소의 병인 과정에 전구 위험 요인으로 작용할 수 있는지를 평가 하고자 문헌고찰을 통해 당뇨의 병인 과정에서 특징적으로 나타나는 혈관 합병증에 관해 알아보고, 부가적으로 제 2 형 당뇨 쥐 모델에서 인위적인 치수감염 후 얻은 치근단 조직의 조직병리학적 분석을 시행하였다. 조직학적 관찰 결과 제 2 형 당뇨 쥐에서 대조군에 비해 치수 치근단 병소의 크기가 증가하였고, 치수 염증 반응도 심하게 나타난 것으로 보아 당뇨 자체가 숙주를 감염에 취약한 상태로 만드는 전구 위험요소로 작용하였음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 이유로는 첫째, 당뇨 시 전반적으로 나타나는 혈관 내 죽상 침착(atheromatous deposits)에 의해 혈관 내벽의 두께가 두꺼워져 미세 순환의 장애는 물론 탐식 세포의 기능 저하, 면역 세포의 혈류 이동이 차단되어 치수 감염 시 쉽게 치근단 병소로 이환될 가능성이 높고, 둘째 치수 혈관에서 특징인 측부 순환(collateral circulation)의 부재에 따른 살균성 다형핵 백혈구의 활동 억제를 포함한 미세 혈관계의 취약성으로 인해 치수 조직의 재생능이 저하되어 추가적인 감염원의 공격에 대한 방어 및 치유 저하를 더욱 심화시키기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 제 2 형 당뇨 환자의 수복치료 시 치과의사는 당뇨 조절 하에서 치수 조직의 자극을 최소화하기 위한 세심한 처치가 필요하다.

제주도 연안해역의 해황 및 기상이 어획생산량의 변동에 미치는 영향

손태준,박원배,노홍길,양성기 제주대학교 1992 논문집 Vol.34 No.-

. Long-term time series data of water of water temperature and surface meteorological elements are used to investigate effects on the fishery production in the neghboring seas of Cheju island. Long-term(more then 12 months) and the seasonal variations between the sea surface temperature and the air temperature are highly correlated excepting the phase difference by the unusual cold period. Also the ocean conditions in the shallow water of Cheju island are easily affected by meteorological conditions and have a large variation in comparison with the often ocean. The sea conditions in the near seas of Cheju island are related to the fishery productions are increased. The fishery productions by the set-net are shown the maximum value in the Fall, radiating from the ocean to the air, and it was shown that the optimum temperature was 19℃, salinity 32.0-32.6 and density 22.6-23.2. The maximum catches of fish were appeared to be related to the times before and after the passing of typhoon or of a cyclone, the sea surface temperature decreased, turbidity was increased and fishery procuction was significantly increased.

8.3% Carbamide Peroxide 함유 펜 형 자가미백제인 BIancTis Forte의 색조개선 및 안전성에 관한 임상연구

이진경,민선홍,홍성태,오소람,정신혜,황영혜,유성엽,배광식,백승호,이우철,손원준,금기연 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.2

This clinical study evaluated the whitening effect and safety of polymer based-pen type BlancTis Forte(NIBEC) containing 8.3% carbamide peroxide. Twenty volunteers used the BlancTis Forte whitening agent for 2 hours twice a day for 4 weeks As a control. Whitening Effect Pen (LG) containing 3% hydrogen peroxide was used by 20 volunteers using the same protocol. The change in shade (ΔE^(*) color difference) was measured using Shadepilot™ (DeguDent) before, during and after bleaching (2 weeks, 4 weeks and postbleaching 4 weeks). A clinical examination for any side effects (tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications) was also performed at each check-up. The following results were obtained. 1 Both the experimental and control groups displayed a noticeable change in shade (ΔE) of over 2 No significant differences were found between the two group (p>0.05) implying that the two agents have a similar whitening effect. 2 The whitening effect was mainly due to changes in a and b values rather than in L value (brightness). The experimental group showed a significantly higher change in b value thus yellow shade than the control(p < 0.05) 3 None of the participants complained of tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications confirming the safety of both whitening agents 8.3%의 carbamide peroxide를 함유한 펜형 코팅용 미백제인 BlancTis Forte (NIBEC, Seosul & JinCheon)를 실험군으로, 3% hydrogen peroxide를 함유한글 Whitening Effect Pen (LG. Seoul) 제재를 대조군으로 각각 피험자 20명에게 2시간씩 1일 2회 제조사의 지시대로 치아표면에 4주간 적용하도록 지시하고 색조개선 효능과 안전성을 평가하였다. 미백 효과는 미백 전 및 미백 2주, 4주 및 미백 종료 4주 후에 Shadopilot™을 이용하여 색 변화를 측정하였고, 매 내원시기마다 모든 환자는 치수생활력 검사와 치주 및 치태 검사를 통해 부작용 여부 (치아과민증 및 구감 내 연조직의 부작용)를 기록한 후 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.실험군 및 대조군의 색 변화량 (ΔE)은 2이상으로 인지할 수 있는 색 변화를 보였으며, 두 제품 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않아 (p > 0.05) 유사한 미백효능을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 2,미백효과는 명도의 개선보다는 주로 a. b값의 변화에 의한 것으로 특히 실험군에서 b값의 변화, 즉 황색조의 개선효과가 대조군에 비해 유의성 있게 높은 것으로 나타났다 (p <0.05). 3.치아나 치은의 과민증이나 이상증상을 호소하는 피험자는 없어 두 제품 모두 안전성을 확인할 수 있었다.

당밀의 첨가가 갈근탕박 사일리지의 품질과 산양의 기호성에 미치는 영향

김성복,문계봉,이봉덕,오홍록,배형철,이수기 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2006 농업과학연구 Vol.33 No.1

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of molasses supplementation to silage materials in ensiling Galgeuntang (herbal medicine) meal on the quality of silage, and its palatability in Korean native goats. In experiment Ⅰ, molasses was added at the levels of 0, 0.5, and 1.0% to Galgeuntang meal with three replicates per treatment. In experiment Ⅱ, three 1.5-yr-old Korean native goats were used to measure palatability. In experiment Ⅰ, lactic acid contents in molasses treatments were significantly(p<0.05) higher, and pH and butyric acid contents were lower than those of non-molasses treatment. In addition, molasses treatment increased total microbial cell counts in MRS medium for lactobacillus, but decreased total microbial cell counts in PDA medium for fungi. Molasses supplementation to silage materials increased in vitro dry matter disappearance. Molasses supplementation tended to increase silage intake in Korean native goat (experiment Ⅱ), but the difference was not significant(p>0.05). It is concluded that molasses supplementation to silage materials in ensiling herbal medicine meal could improve its preservability and palatability, the higher the better.

개에서 관찰된 모기질세포종의 증례보고

조성환,손화영,김혜성,최종윤,류시윤,박배근,윤원기,홍성혁,김덕환 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2002 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.10 No.-

Pilomatricoma was histopathologically diagnosed in a 2.5-year-old male Alaskan malamute. The patient was referred to Chungnam National University, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital with solitary, firm and well-circumscribed mass at shoulder. Grossly, the mass was dome shaped to tumor like and 10 x 8 x 5㎝ in size. Some lesions had gritty or bony consistency and was chalky when sectioned Histopathologic feature included mumerous clusters of tightly arranged, basaloid cells with evenly distributed chromatin and ghost cells were characterized by a central unstained zone. The ghost cells often become calcified and osseous metaplasia was also present.

The Transmission of Pricing Information of Dually - listed Stocks

(Kee Hong Bae),(Yan Leung Cheung),(Baek In Cha) 한국금융연구원 1999 Working Paper Vol.99 No.1

The Costs of ETF Membership : The Valuation Effect of ETFs on Underlying Firms

Kee-Hong Bae,Jun-Koo Kang,Jin Wang 한국재무학회 2013 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.05

In this paper, we investigate the effect of exchange traded funds (ETFs) on the value of their underlying stocks and the channels through which ETFs have an impact on firm value. We find that ETFs negatively affect firm value but also have a positive impact on underlying stocks’ systematic volatility, short interest, and liquidity. These effects of ETF on firm value and stock characteristics are more pronounced for small firms. We further find that the positive effects of ETFs on these stock characteristics are the main channels through which ETFs negatively impact firm value. Although stock liquidity is known to have a positive effect on firm value, increases in stock liquidity driven by ETFs have a negative effect on firm value because these increases facilitate short-selling activities by investors.