중학교 과학 교과서 분별 증류 실험의 비교 분석 및 개선

柳五鉉,崔文永,宋周眩,권정근,白盛惠,朴國泰 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.11 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 제 6차 교육과정에 의한 중학교 1학년 과학 교과서 분별 증류 실험의 문제점을 파악하고, 중학생들이 분별 증류 실험을 능률적으로 수행할 수 있는 실험 방법을 제시하고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위한 첫 번째 단계로서 현재 사용되고 있는 8종의 과학 교과서를 분별 증류 실험 장치와 액체 혼합물의 종류에 따라 6가지로 분류하였다. 두 번째 단계로서 액체 혼합물을 가열 방법에 따라 직접가열과 물 중탕 가열로 나누어 교과서 실험과정에 따라 같은 실험을 세 번 실시하였다. 세 번째 단계로서 실험 결과의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 대안 실험을 실시하였다. 대안 실험에서는 알코을 램프로 직접가열 하는 방법과 기름 중탕으로 가열하는 방법, 그리고 가열 맨틀을 사용하여 가열하는 방법을 사용하였다. 연구결과, 가지 달린 둥근 플라스크를 직접 가열하는 실험 결과가 가지 달린 시험관을 물 중탕으로 가열하는 실험 결과보다 이론적인 결과에 근접하였다. 그리고 가지 달린 둥근 플라스크를 직접 가열하는 실험에서 플라스크 윗 부분을 보온해 주는 실험이 보온하지 않은 실험보다 실험 결과가 더 나았다. 대안 실험에서는 액체 혼합물의 증류 온도 증가를 보면서 가열 맨틀의 가열 온도를 을려 준 실험의 결과가 이론적인 결과에 가장 가까웠다. 이러한 연구 결과로부터 가지 달린 시험관을 물 중탕으로 가열하는 분별 증류 실험 장치는 탐구실험 수업에 부적절한 것이므로 개선이 요구되며, 중학교 과학실 여건을 고려할 때, 액체 혼합물의 증류 온도 증가를 보면서 가열 맨틀의 가열 온도를 변화시키는 분별 증류 실험이 가장 능률적인 방법임을 알 수 있었다. The purpose of this study was to find out the problems on the fractional distillation experiments in the middle school science textbooks based on the 6th curriculum and to suggest an efficient experiment method for the middle school students. The first step was the classification of the experiments in 8 science textbooks according to heating apparatus and liquid mixtures. The second step was doing each experiment 3 times followed by the experimental process in the textbooks. The third step was developing the alternative experiments for solving the problems found in the second step. The heating method used in the alternative experiments were direct heating, oil bath, and heating mantle. The results of the second step showed that the direct heating experiment of branched round flask was more close to the theoretical prediction than the experiment of water bath heating of branched test tube. Also the direct heating experiment of thermally insulated branched round flask was better than the result of the experiment which was not insulated. The results of the third step showed that the experiment using heating mantle regulated heating power by observing the temperature of distillate gave the closest result to the theoretical prediction. From the above results, it is concluded that the experiment using branched test-tube with water bath heating is not adequate for the fractional distillation and an alternative experiment using insulated branched round flask with heating mantle regulated heating power during experiment is recommended.

사이버 팬터지아

류현주 한국언어문화학회 ( 구 한양어문학회 ) 2002 한국언어문화 Vol.22 No.-

Ryn Hyun Ju. 2002. cyberspace Fantasia. The paper presents what people assume about cyberspace in Korea and in turn how they apply their belief to computer games and literature unfolding on the internet. In an effort to address the problems caused by their myth, I chose the topic as 'Fantasia,' not 'fantasy' as 1) the word 'fantasy' isn often linked to a fantasy novel in the nation though I don't obviously want my readers to view my point that way and 2) fantasia better conveys my intention to see narrative relation between computer games and novels. The buzzwords regarding cyberspace are non-verbal elements such as 3-D graphics, virtual reality and multimedia. Korea is dubbed as the world leader for an online game industry. A great number of game players are so excited about state-of-the art graphic MUD games, mainly roleplaying games that they are hardly aware of text-based games. It is well known that 'cyberspace' was coined with 'cybernetics' and 'space.' Cybernetics were the term Nobert Wiener used to describe his theory on control and communication whose hallmark lies in a feedback system. Wiener obtained the idea of the word from a ship's steering wheel of which feedback was then considered the most efficient control system. Feedback is information about the results of a set of actions. I extend this concept toward action & reaction system, the basic mechanism of running computer and cyberspace. In this context, classical text games well show what such interaction is all about, reflecting interactivity and narrativity. I gave an example of this linkage with Zork, one of the most famous text games published by Infocom. Therefore, when it comes to differentiated literature forms on the Internet, the focal point of electronic literature should go to textuality incurred by such interactive narrative. It is no connection with cyberspace has been too much centered around a fantasy novel just because this genre is actively published and shared online, which results in equation of a cyberspace novel and a fantasy fiction. As Tolkien, the grandaddy of the genre had a great influence on Dungeons & Dragons and other shining examples of classical text games, a fantasy novel is closer to games than online literature. Therefore, cyberspace literature discourses need to move beyond the genre and toward textuality of electronic narratives need to move beyond the genre and toward textuality of electronic narratives. Text games shed light on what computer-generated literature implies as the next generation form of literature with they were called--computer fictions and participatory novels as well as interactive fictions.

대나무 섬유소를 이용한 섬유보강 콘크리트의 역학적 특성

류현기,권용주,신상용 忠州大學校 2009 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.44 No.-

This study is a experiment on the mechanical properties of concrete according to the fiber additional quantity of bamboo. The experiment and analysis results are as the following. The slump as a quality of the concrete not to harden showed to decrease more remarkably for a slump value than the plain according to the increment of cellulose additional rate. Air quantity showed to increase only in 0.2% fiber additional rate and to get out of KS allowable error of bad air content in 0.4% and 0.6%, and capacity mass by unit showed a reverse tendency against air quantity according to the change of cellulose additional quantity. Compression intensity as a quality of hardening concrete showed collectively a tendency to decrease in the remnant past days except only 0.6% at the standard past day 愀8 and the initial 3 days. Pulling intensity showed to increase more than the plain in all past days according to the change of fiber additional quantity of bamboo, and bending intensity also showed to be higher revelation intensity than the plain in the measurement result at the standard past day 28. In the result of length change rate, we can find the bigger the cellulose additional rate as a special quality increased, the more it decreased according to the pass of the past day.

예비특수교사의 과학적 태도 조사

류희준,박현주 朝鮮大學校 師範大學 附設 敎科敎育硏究所 2005 敎科敎育硏究 Vol.26 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine science-related attitudes of preservice teachers for exceptional children. The science-related attitudes are specialized the seven areas as: social implication of science: normality of scientists: attitude to scientific inquiry: adoption of scientific attitudes: enjoyment of science lessons: leisure interest in science: and career interest in science. The science-related attitude is important for preservice teacher to have for science education. The total of 102 university students majoring special education were participated and the Test of Science-Related Attitudes (TOSRA) was implemented for this study. Data were collected during the first semester of 2004. As results of the study, there were no significant differences in participants' science-related attitudes by gender and by grades. The area of, social implication of science' and of 'attitude to scientific inquiry' ranked relatively high in science-related attitudes, whereas the area of 'adoption of scientific attitudes' and of 'leisure interest in science' ranked relatively low.

규산질 비료의 참외 흰가루병 발생 억제 효과

류나현,최미영,류연주,조현종,이용세,이영득,정종배 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.4

토양에 시용한 규산의 참외 흰가루병에 대한 직접적인 억제 효과와 살균제의 방제 효과를 증진시킬 수 있는 보조효과를 조사하였다. 규산질 비료의 처리는 철가루병 균에 의해 감염된 참외 잎에서 균사의 생장과 분생포자의 형성을 억제함으로써 흰가루병 발생을 일부 억제할 수 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 물론 규산질 비료 자체만의 흰가루병 발생 억제 효과는 매우 미약한 수준이었으나 살균제의 흰가루병 방제 효과를 크게 증진시켜줄 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 현재 농가 현장에서 밝혀지고 있는 규산질 비료의 참외 병해 발생 억제 효과는 주로 이러한 살균제의 효과를 증진시킬 수 있는 규산의 보조적인 작용에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 토양에 대한 적절한 수준의 규산질 비료의 시용은 살균제의 방제 효과 증진을 통하여 과다한 약제의 사용과 그에 따른 부작용을 경감시킬 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 규산질 비료의 흰가루병 발생 억제 효과를 증진시키기 위해서는 앞으로 병의 발생을 최대로 억제할 수 있는 참외 잎 중의 적정 규소 함량에 대한 검토 등의 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것이다. Silicon is known to accumulate in plants and results in greater resistance to diseases and insect pests. In this study, we investigated the effect of silicate fertUizer applied in soil on the development of powdery mildew of oriental melon Oriental melon seedlings of four-leaf stage were transplanted and grown in a plastic film house. silicate fertilizer was applied to maintain soil available SiO₂ level of 200 ㎎/㎏ one week before transplanting. Fungicide trinumizol was sprayed three times; one, two, and three weeks after transplanting. Sphaerotheca fuliginea was inoculated 2 weeks after transplanting. The number of infected leaf and the number of fungal colony in leaves were measured one, two, and three weeks after the inoculation. Three weeks after the fungal inoculation, in the treatment of fungicide triflwnhl, infected leaf numbem and number of colony per leaf were reduced by 10 and 58% respectively. In the silicate fertilizer treatment, infected leaf numbers and numbers of colony per infected leaf were suppressed only by 6 and 16%, respectively, and the efficacy was lower than that of the fungicide triflumizol. The combined treatment of silicate fertilizer and the fungicide suppressed powdery mildew more effectively, and infected leaf numbem and numbem of colony per leaf were reduced by 31 and 80%, respectively. These results indicate that although silicate fertilizer itself is not much effective in the suppression of powdery mildew, it can significantly enhance the efficacy of the fungicide.

단위수량 변화에 따른 혼화제 종류 및 첨가량별 콘크리트의 특성 분석

류현기,권용주 忠州大學校 2008 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.43 No.-

The purpose of this study is to analyze concrete characteristics by admixing agent and additive contents according to the change of unit-water to identify its effect on compressive strength. First of all, as for flesh concrete, overall unit-water showed a tendency to decrease as component inclusion rate of admixing agent was increased. In addition, air content showed a tendency to increase by increasing WR, WB, NP series admixing agent contents, on the other hand, the change of air content was gentle by around 1.5±0.5% for S, T, M series agents. Bulk density showed an inverse proportion to the change of air content. As for hardened concrete, expression rate of 3-day age compressive strength was generally decreased for S, T, WR, WB, NP, M series admixing agent component. Also, expression rate of 7-day age compressive strength showed an excellent record for S, M series agents, and expression rate of 28-day age compressive strength showed a tendency to increase more than plain on the whole.

구조적 문서의 효율적인 순수 구조 질의 처리를 위한 알고리즘의 설계와 평가

김현주,류시국,김영자 慶南專門大學 2001 論文集 Vol.29 No.1

분화중인 흰쥐 콩팥의 요세관에서 nNOS의 발현

송지현,류시윤,김진,정주영 韓國電子顯微鏡學會 2008 Applied microscopy Vol.38 No.2

Nitric oxide는 콩팥에서 혈류의 조절, 사구체 혈액역동학 및 요세관의 운반에 중요한 역할을 하는 인자로서 최근 세포의 주기조절, 유사분열에도 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 최근 연구결과에 의하면 발생중인 콩팥에서의 nNOS의 발현은 성체와는 다른 것으로 알려져 있으나, 발생중인 콩팥에서의 발현 양상 및 발현시기 등에 대해서 알려진 바 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 발생중인 콩팥을 이용하여 분화중인 요세관에서 nNOS의 발현양상을 관찰하고자 하였다. 성체에서 nNOS의 면역반응성은 사구체 보우만주머니의 벽측상피와 치밀반, 내림가는부분 및 수질집합관에 발현되었다. 발생중인 콩팥에서는 임신 15일에 처음 발현하기 시작하였으며, 그 부위는 원위세관의 굵은오름부분이었다. 임신 20일에서 출산후 14일까지 새로이 형성되는 요세관의 굵은오름부분에서 관찰되었으나, 분화를 마친 요세관에서는 그 발현 양상이 감소하였다. 출생후 21일경에는 최종적으로 치밀반에만 국한되어 발현되었다. 속수질에서는 내림가는 부분과 속수질 집합관에서 발현되었으며 그 양상은 수질 중간부위에서 강하게 발현되었으며 시작부위와 말단부위에서는 약하게 발현되었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 굵은오름부분에서의 nNOS의 발현은 요세관의 분화정도와 일치하며 특히 그 발현양상이 분화가 활발한 시기에 강하게 발현되고 분화가 저하된 후에는 발현이 감소하는 것으로 보아 발생중인 콩팥의 성장에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각된다. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important regulator of renal blood flow, glomerular hemodynamics, and tubule transport processes in the kidney. There is also evidence that NO is involved in cell cycle regulation and mitotic division. During development the nNOS expression pattern differs from that observed in adult animals. However, little is known about temporal and spatial patterns of nNOS expression in the developing kidney. The purpose of this study was to establish the time of expression and the distribution of nNOS in the developing rat kidney. Kidneys from 14-, 16-, 17-, 18-, and 20-day-old fetuses, 1-, 4-, 7-, 14-, and 21-day-old pups, and adult animals were preserved and processed for immunohistochemistry. In the adult kidney, nNOS was detected in the parietal epithelium of Bowman’s capsule, macula densa, descending thin limb and inner medullary collecting duct. nNOS immunoreactivity appeared first in the distal tubule anlage at 15 days of gestation, and in all epithelial cells of developing thick ascending limbs (TAL) as well as macula densa of 17- and 18-day-old fetuses. From 20 days of gestation to 14 days after birth, nNOS was expressed in the newly formed cortical TAL, which are located in the medullary ray, whereas in mature TAL of juxtamedullary nephrons, nNOS immunolabeling gradually decreased in intensity and became restricted to the macula densa. In inner medullary collecting ducts, nNOS immunoreactivity appeared first at 7 days after birth in the papillary tip and gradually ascended to the border between outer and inner medulla. In the descending thin limb and parietal epithelium of Bowman’s capsule, weak nNOS immunoreactivity was observed at 14 days after birth and labeling gradually increased to adult levels at 21 days after birth. These results suggest that differential expression of nNOS in the developing kidney is an important physiological regulator of renal function during kidney maturation.

복귀돌연변이시험을 이용한 이온화에너지 처리 우유 및 아이스크림의 유전독성학적 평가

유지숙, 한선경, 신명수, 구본철, 최지현, 이주운, 조철훈, 함준상, 이완규 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2008 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.9 No.1

본문참고

人參成分 抽出에 관한 硏究

柳洲鉉,卞裕亮,劉承坤 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1978 논문집 Vol.8 No.1

The amount of ethanol extract from ginseng was about 20.3% (w/w)and the yield of saponins from the extract was 5.5% (w/w). The optimum concentration of solvent was 60% ethanol. The optimum extraction time and temperature were respectively 2 hr and 80℃ when 0.5g of sample (Φ:0.25∼0.42mm) was added to 300ml of solvent. The empirical equation for the extraction of components was as follow: Y(θ,T,φ)=8log(Θ??100)-45log(T??×100)-60log(Φ??×100)+38 The partical size of sample had largely influence on the extraction yield, and the extraction mechanism was considered as diffusion.