http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
S-8 Comparison of tenofovir versus entecavir therapy in nucleos(t)ide-naive chronic hepatitis B
( Boram Min ),( Joong Gi Bae ),( Hyun Seong Lee ),( Young Min Shin ),( Kyung Hye Park ),( Byung Uk Lee ),( Jae Ho Park ),( Byung Gyu Kim ),( Seok Won Jung ),( In Du Jeong ),( Sung-jo Bang ),( Jung Woo 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.1
Backgrounds:?Entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir (TDF) are nucleoside analogues with high potency for profound and durable viral suppression and genetic barriers against resistance; these drugs are recommended for the first-line treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in current guidelines. But rare data are available on the comparison of TDF and ETV therapy in CHB patients with baseline high viral load (HVL), defined as having hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA >8 log10 copies/mL (7.3 log10 IU/mL).?Methods:?We performed a retrospective analysis of the efficacy of TDF therapy, as compared to that of ETV therapy, in patients with HVL. A matched study population was constructed to compare the antiviral efficacy of TDF therapy and ETV therapy by a propensity score analysis. The primary endpoint was a virological response (VR), defined as an HBV DNA level of <12 IU/mL.?Results:?Three hundreds two patients were selected after matching propensity score with 1:1 ratio. VR was observed in 66.2% (100/151) of patients in the TDF group and in 63.6% (96/151) of the patients in the ETV group. The VR rates were not different between the two groups (78.1 vs. 76.2% at month 12, and 99.0 vs. 95.8% at month 24; log rank p=0.432). During therapy, 74.8% of patients in the TDF group, and 70.2% of patients in the ETV group had partial VR, respectively (p=0.367). ALT normalization rates also did not differ between both the treatment groups (94.2% and 92.1% in the TDF and ETV therapy groups, respectively; p=0.476). During therapy, 13.7% (18 of 131) of patients in the TDF group, and 21.2% (28 of 132) of patients in the ETV group achieved HBeAg seroconversion, respectively (p=0.111). Nineteen patients experienced a virological breakthrough. Among them, twelve patient (7.9 %) was in the TDF group and 7 patients (4.6 %) were in the ETV group (p=0.236). Conclusions:?In patients with a baseline HBV DNA level >8 log10 copies/mL (7.3 log10 IU/mL), TDF therapy was as effective as ETV therapy, in maintaining the viral suppression.
New insight into transglutaminase 2 and link to neurodegenerative diseases
( Boram Min ),( Kwang Chul Chung ) 생화학분자생물학회 2018 BMB Reports Vol.51 No.1
Formation of toxic protein aggregates is a common feature and mainly contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), which include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and prion diseases. The transglutaminase 2 (TG2) gene encodes a multifunctional enzyme, displaying four types of activity, such as transamidation, GTPase, protein disulfide isomerase, and protein kinase activities. Many studies demonstrated that the calcium-dependent transamidation activity of TG2 affects the formation of insoluble and toxic amyloid aggregates that mainly consisted of NDD-related proteins. So far, many important and NDD-related substrates of TG2 have been identified, including amlyoid-β, tau, α-synuclein, mutant huntingtin, and ALS-linked trans-activation response (TAR) DNA-binding protein 43. Recently, the formation of toxic inclusions mediated by several TG2 substrates were efficiently inhibited by TG2 inhibitors. Therefore, the development of highly specific TG2 inhibitors would be an important tool in alleviating the progression of TG2-related brain disorders. In this review, the authors discuss recent advances in TG2 biochemistry, several mechanisms of molecular regulation and pleotropic signaling functions, and the presumed role of TG2 in the progression of many NDDs. [BMB Reports 2018; 51(1): 5-13]
뇌성마비환자에서 가철성장치를 이용한 상악 전치부 돌출 완화
민보람(Boram Min),이제호(Jae-Ho Lee) Asia association of Disability and Oral health 2013 International Journal of Disability and Oral Healt Vol.9 No.2
14세 남환이 정기검진을 위해 내원하여 임상 구강검사 결과 상악 전치의 돌출과 상악궁 협착이 관찰되었다. 환아는 뇌성마비를 가지고 있었으나 간단한 설명을 이해하고 쉬운 지시를 수행할 수 있었으므로 가철성 장치를 이용한 교정치료를 시도하였다. 단계적이고 주의 깊은 접근을 통해 상악궁 협착 해소 및 상악 전치의 돌출을 완화할 수 있었다. 뇌성마비 환아의 경우 특징적으로 상악 전치의 돌출이 흔히 나타나는데, 이는외상의 위험에 쉽게 노출된다. 하지만 뇌성마비 환아에서 나타나는 특징적인 반사, 침 흘리기 습관, 행동조절의 어려움 등을 이유로 많은 임상의들이 교정치료를 포기하게 된다. 적절한 환자 선정과 수행 가능한 치료목표를 세운다면, 뇌성마비 환아에서도 단계적이고 반복적인 행동조절과 약물을 이용하여 치료가 가능하다. 교정치료를 통해 얻어진 상악 전치의 돌출 완화는 외상의 위험성을 줄이고 더 나은 심미성을 제공하는 긍정적인 효과를 가져오게 된다. 따라서 임상의들은 뇌성마비 환아의 치료에 대한 인식 변화 및 개선을 위한 적극적인 노력이 필요할 것이며, 뇌성마비 환아들은 더 나은 구강 건강을 영위할 수 있을 것이다. Cerebral palsy is one of the primary handicapping conditions of childhood. The prevalence of malocclusions in patients with cerebral palsy is approximately twice than in general population. Even though these high rates of malocclusions, most clinicians may feel uncomfortable about treating such problems to reduce inclination of anterior teeth because to reduce of protrusion makes to decrease risk of trauma. This is the case report about mitigation of maxillary anterior teeth protrusion in patient with cerebral palsy. A 14 year old boy who had cerebral palsy visited our dental hospital. He had severe protrusive maxillary anterior teeth and narrow arch form. He was experienced at using Castillo morales appliance in early childhood. He had mild mental retardation and was able to learn simple skills. He and his parents had willing to improve his dental problems. A gentle impression taking on maxilla was done. Removable appliance was made including median screw and labial bow. We provide a period of adaption for 3 weeks. After of anterior teeth through activation of labial bow was done once a month by dentist. The treatment carried out for 10 months and we could observe reduced labial inclination of maxillary right central incisor and more wide arch form. Hawley type retainer was set at maxilla for retention. In conclusion, accompanying careful case selection and treatment, patient with cerebral palsy can be treated and should not be ignored their orthodontic needs.
( Ji Min Choi ),( Jong In Yang ),( Seung Joo Kang ),( Yoo Min Han ),( Jooyoung Lee ),( Changhyun Lee ),( Su Jin Chung ),( Dae Hyun Yoon ),( Boram Park ),( Yong Sung Kim ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2018 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.24 No.4
Background/Aims The different clinical manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) may be influenced by associated psychological factors. We evaluated the psychological status (anxiety and depression) according to each subtype of GERD. Methods Subjects who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy and completed a symptom questionnaire between January 2008 and December 2011 were analyzed. The subjects were classified into the following groups: erosive reflux disease (ERD), non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), asymptomatic erosive esophagitis (AEE), and controls. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. Results We analyzed 19 099 subjects: 16 157 (84.6%), 176 (0.9%), 1398 (7.3%), and 1368 (7.2%) in the control, ERD, NERD, and AEE groups, respectively. Multiple multinomial logistic regression revealed a significant association of increased state (adjusted OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.53-2.33) and trait anxiety (adjusted OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.34-2.35) and depression (adjusted OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.75-2.80) with NERD. ERD group showed a significant association only with state anxiety (adjusted OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.27-3.81) and depression (adjusted OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.18-4.22). The AEE group, however, did not show any significant association with psychological factors. Conclusion This cross-sectional study revealed that anxiety and depression levels were significantly higher in subjects with GERD (notably in the NERD) than in controls. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018;24:593-602)