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Pharmacokinetics of low doses of colchicine in the leukocytes of Japanese healthy individuals
Akiko Mutoh,Hitoshi Uehara,Asano Maeda,Akihiro Tokushige,Yasushi Higashiuesato,Mika Maeda,Yuji Kumagai,Shinichiro Ueda 대한임상약리학회 2023 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology Vol.31 No.4
The venerable drug colchicine has garnered significant recent attention due to its endorsement by the United States Food and Drug Administration as an anti-inflammatory medication for cardiovascular diseases. However, the administration of this drug at its minimal available dose of 0.5 mg has been associated with certain adverse reactions. Once colchicine is administered, the drug disappears from blood in a short time and distributes in the leukocytes for a certain period of time that elicits anti-inflammatory effect. Consequently, an in-depth comprehension of the pharmacokinetics of lower dosages within leukocytes assumes important for its broader application in routine clinical contexts. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of the pharmacological disposition of colchicine in the plasma, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and mononuclear leukocytes among healthy Japanese male subjects, following both single and multiple oral administrations of 0.5 mg and 0.25 mg doses of colchicine. Our investigation reveals that colchicine persists within leukocyte populations even when administered at reduced dosages. The findings herein hold promise for mitigating the adverse effects associated with its use in the treatment of inflammatory cardiovascular disorders.
Akiko Nagao 아시아영어교육학회 2023 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.20 No.2
This study explores the process by which university-level learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) develop their understanding of composing academic essays. A series of lessons utilizing the genre-based approach to instructional writing, alongside the systemic functional linguistics (SFL) framework, were implemented. A classroom unit was treated as a single community of practice (CoP) to understand social learning; anthropology and social theory (CoPs), literacy pedagogy (genre-based approach), and linguistics (SFL) were conceptually connected for theorization. Participants wrote pre- and post-academic essays, and then reviewed each other’s essays using the SFL framework to answer the question “What did you learn from the genre analysis of your peer’s essay?” These reflections on learning shared through journals and interview data were analyzed to answer the question “What literacy strategies connected to learners’ cognitive and metacognitive knowledge can be found in their reflections on learning?” This cognitive and metacognitive knowledge was categorized into six features: top-down strategies, bottom-up strategies, the interactive approach to strategies, initial assessment, ongoing assessment, and the elaboration of strategies. Both bottom-up and top-down strategies were identified in the journals, especially among high-proficiency learners. EFL learners with lower English proficiency focused on the selection of lexical resources, a bottom-up strategy.
University Students’ Life Skill Comparison in Japan and Korea
Akiko UENO,김성교,Takae YOSHIHARA,Hiroko OGAWA,Masako MURO 한국가정과교육학회 2010 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.22 No.4
This study held two objectives. One was to clarify life skill differences between Japanese and Korean university students. The other was to gain suggestions for further development of Japanese and Korean home economics education. A survey on life skills was delivered to university students in Japan and Korea in 2008. The survey included 82 life skills. The participants were asked the same three questions for each life skill: if the life skill was one a participant was already practicing (“Practice”), if the life skill was one the participant wanted to learn more to improve his/her life (“To be improved”), and if the life skill was one the participant expected people should learn in Home Economics (“Expectation”). The results did not show outstanding differences with the “Practice” rates between Japan and Korea, but characterized strength and weakness of each country’s life skill “Practice.” Both Japanese and Korean participants mainly showed a greater desire to improve the life skills they indicated low “Practice” for. As well, the Korean participants revealed significantly lower “Expectation” to learn most of the life skills. As a result, this study created several implications for Japanese and Korean home economics education. For example,one implication is necessity to increase substantively enough class hours for all school levels. Another is promoting the social understanding for the meaningfulness of home economics education.
Akiko Yorimitsu,Stephen Houghton,Myra Taylor 서울대학교 교육연구소 2014 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.15 No.3
The esteem historically attributed to the teaching profession in Japan is eroding, and some Japanese teachers who identify with the ideal of being a ‘life educator’ are becoming disillusioned with teaching. While the stress and anxiety associated with teacher disillusionment have been researched from a Western perspective, little is known about the work-related stress and anxiety experiences of Japanese teachers. Thus, this grounded theory qualitatively details the teaching experiences of 14 Japanese high school teachers. The findings reveal that whereas only two teachers within the present study had actually achieved a ‘space in their heart’ where they were able to create a balance between the negative and positive forces operating within their teaching careers and home lives, this was a position that many other teachers strove toward.
Perceived Environmental Pollution and Its Impact on Health in China, Japan, and South Korea
Akiko Kamimura,Bianca Armenta,Maziar Nourian,Nushean Assasnik,Kimiya Nourian,Alla Chernenko 대한예방의학회 2017 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.50 No.3
Objectives: Environmental pollution is a significant global issue. Both objective (scientifically measured) environmental pollution and perceived levels of pollution are important predictors of self-reported health. The purpose of this study was to compare the associations between perceived environmental pollution and health in China, Japan, and South Korea. Methods: Data were obtained from the East Asian Social Survey and the Cross-National Survey Data Sets: Health and Society in East Asia, 2010 (n=7938; China, n=3866; Japan, n=2496; South Korea, n=1576). Results: South Koreans perceived environmental pollution to be the most severe, while Japanese participants perceived environmental pollution to be the least severe. Although the Japanese did not perceive environmental pollution to be very severe, their self-rated physical health was significantly related to perceived environmental pollution, while the analogous relationships were not significant for the Chinese or Korean participants. Better mental health was related to lower levels of perceived air pollution in China, as well as lower levels of perceived all types of pollution in Japan and lower levels of perceived noise pollution in South Korea. Conclusions: Physical and mental health and individual socio-demographic characteristics were associated with levels of perceived environmental pollution, but with different patterns among these three countries.
Sex Differences in Relationship between Stress Responses and Lifestyle in Japanese Workers
Akiko Suzuki,Rie Akamatsu 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2014 Safety and health at work Vol.5 No.1
BackgroundThis study examined the relationships between stress responses and lifestyle, including sleeping and eating behaviors, in Japanese workers according to sex. MethodsQuestionnaires about stress responses and lifestyle were completed by 3,017 workers in a financial enterprise (41.5% men, 58.5% women). Data were collected in Japan in August 2011. Participants were classified into stress and nonstress groups. Relationships between stress responses and lifestyle were investigated using logistic regression analysis with stress response as a dependent variable. ResultsThere were 254 (8.4%) participants in the stress group and 2,763 (91.6%) in the nonstress group. The results showed that sleeping for shorter periods [odds ratio (OR) = 2.97, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.58–5.60] was associated with stress responses in women, whereas we found no relationship between stress responses and lifestyle among men. However, working overtime was associated with stress responses in men (OR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.43–5.15). Eating at night was associated with stress responses in the univariate analysis (men: OR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.16–3.80; women: OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.09–2.39). ConclusionThis study showed that stress responses were related to lifestyle among women but not among men. Among women, stress responses were related to sleeping for shorter periods, whereas they were related to working long hours among men. In addition, stress responses were related to eating at night in the univariate analysis, although this relationship was not seen in the multivariate analysis, in either sex.