우리나라 소화물일관수송의 효율적 물류네트웍 구축방향에 관한 연구 : A사의 사례를 중심으로

한영철 연세대학교 경영대학원 1998 국내석사

우리나라에 있어서 물류의 중요성에 대하여 그 의미를 부여하게 된 것은 오래되지 않았다. '80년대 초에 물류관리라는 개념이 제3의 이윤 창출의 원천이라는 명목하에 기업에서 인식하게 되었고,'80년대 중반 이후 '90년 대 초에 이르러서 비로소 일반 소비자를 대상으로 물류 합리화를 추구하기 위한 연구와 노력이 시작되었다. 물류 합리화를 추구하기 위한 직접적인 계기는 환경의 변화에 기인한다. 즉, 세계가 하나의 시장이 됨으로써 기업간의 경쟁이 심화되고, 또한, 통신 수단의 발달 등으로 소비자의 욕구가 다양화·다원화됨으로써 이와 관련된 생산·판매·유통·물류 등 제반 분야에서 체제 전환이 불가피하게 되었다. 따라서, 이러한 체제 전환의 일환으로서 도입이 된 소화물일관수송은 막대한 투자가 선행되어야 하는 장치산업이면서 운영 합리화를 위해서는 정부의 지원이나 기업 스스로의 연구 개발 노력이 절실한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 소화물일관수송의 운영 합리화를 위한 하나의 과제로서 우리나라 특성에 적합한 물류네트웍 구축방향에 대하여 고찰해 보았다. 우선 소화물일관수송에 대한 서비스제도 도입 의의와 특성, 운송체계등에 대한 기본적인 고찰을 통하여 물류네트웍이 가지는 역할과 중요성에 대하여 파악해 본 결과, 소화물일관수송 사업을 하고 있는 기업 입장에 있어서는 고객에 대한 서비스 제고를 통한 경쟁 우위 확보와 원가 절감을 기할 수 있는 차원에서 그 중요성이 부각되고 있으며, 소비자 입장에 있어서는 과거 소화물운송체계에 비해 신속성, 안정성, 편의성 등의 혜택을 받을 수 있다는 측면에서 그 중요성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 물류네트웍의 기본 요소인 노드(Node)와 차량 등 하드웨어 측면과 정보시스템과 링크(Link)계획 등 소프트웨어 측면을 적절히 확보하고, 이를 상호 유기적으로 시스템화하여 효율성과 효과성을 동시에 추구하는 방향으로 구축해야 한다. 물류네트웍을 구축하기 위해서는 여러 가지 변수와 요인을 적용하여 검토할 수 있지만, 본 연구에서는 운영 비용, 권역별 화물의 양과 흐름 및 인구의 분포에 따른 분석을 하여 구축 방향을 결정하였다. 분석 결과, 운영 비용에 있어서 노드비용이 링크비용보다 상대적으로 높기 때문에 운송 경로상에 터미널을 경유하여 집하에 의한 적재율 향상을 피하는 것이 오히려 총비용을 증가시키므로 Hub & Spoke 네트웍보다는 Point to Point 네트웍을 형성하는 것이 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, Point & Point 네트웍을 구축하기 위한 방향으로서, 첫째, 전국적으로 중계터미널을 서울 및 수도권, 부산 및 영남권, 광주 및 호남권, 대전 및 중부권의 4개 권역에 배치해서 간선 운송 체계를 구축해야 한다. 아울러 중계터미널은 엄청난 양의 목적지가 서로 다른 개별 화물을 신속하게 분류할 수 있는 능력이 있어야 한다. 따라서, 대규모 부지를 확보하고 자동분류기를 설치하여 분류 작업의 능률을 제고시킴으로써, 차량의 대기 시간 감축과 작업인력의 생력화가 가능토록 해야 한다. 둘째, 각 권역별 중계터미널을 중심으로 집배송 터미널이 위성 형태처럼 배치되어야 한다. 즉, 집배송 터미널은 중계터미널과의 연계와 Door까지의 집배송을 신속하고 원할하게 하기 위하여 운송거리와 배송 리드타임(Lead time) 등을 고려해서 주요 거점마다 설치토록 해야 한다. 이러한 하드웨어적 요소를 구축함과 동시에 이를 효율적으로 운영하기 위해서 바코드시스템, 화물추적시스템 등 전산시스템을 구비해야 하며, 또한, 터미널과 터미널간, 터미널과 Door간의 운송체계를 과학적인 방법으로 스케줄링(Scheduling)해야만 한다. 결국, 우리나라에 있어서 소화물일관수송의 물류네트웍은 경부축과 호남축을 중심으로 하는 Point to Point 시스템을 구축하는 방향으로 나아가는 것이 바람직하다. It was not long ago when the meaning of logistics got its momentum with importance in Korea. Industries became to recognize the concept of logistics management in the name of creating a 3^(rd) profit out of it in the early 80's and started to research and practice it to the early 90's from the mid 80's. The direct motivation to get the efficient logistics comes from the changes of business environment. That is, industries have been struggling for survival more competitively than ever between them as the world is being united into one global market and they have no choice but to revamp their past paradigm relating to the whole business activities such as producing, sales, distribution and logistics to meet the customers' diversified needs. Therefore, being introduced as a part of change against the past practices, through delivery service of small package is a kind of a installation industry which requires a great amount of investment in advance. At the same time, it is highly requested to get the necessary support from the level of government and to focus their endeavors on R&D in terms of operational efficiency. This study is aiming at establishing the efficient directions of logistics network which can be applied appropriately under the peculiar situation in Korean industry as a subject to be discussed. Above all, based on the result of research for its role and importance through the basic study on the intent of introduction and peculiarity rendered by through delivery service of small package, we can reach the conclusion that the importance of through delivery service has been emerging by way of getting comparative competitiveness in maximizing customers' satisfaction from the point of industries. On the other hand, customers have become to recognize its importance for the favorable benefits such as speed, security and convenience. So, it is highly requested that through delivery service of small package should retain the hardware such as nodes and transportation means as well as adequate software such as information system to include link planning. These should be systematically organized for the sake of efficiency and utility at the same time. In order to establish a logistics network, this study is based on the analysis of operational costs, quantities and flows of the regional movements even though we can employ a lot of variations to be reviewed. With the result of this study, we arrive at the conclusion that Point to Point network is more efficient than Hub & Spokes because Hub and Spokes network increases overall costs due to higher capital investment on nodes comparing to links from the standpoint of operational costs though it enables to improve loadibility by consolidating the shipments through the designated terminal on their way. Accordingly, at first, relay terminals set up in the major regions which can be classified by their geographic locations as a way of establishing Point to point network ; Seoul and metropolitan areas, Kwangju and Honam, Taejon and Choongchung. In addition, a relay terminal should have the ability to segregate the great deal of individual packages with various destinations in a speediest manner to increase its productivity. That is why a relay terminal should be built on a large scale of estate and equipped with automatic sorter so that waiting time and man power can be streamlined. Second, pick-up and delivery terminals should be located and oriented towards the designated relay terminal like satellite. In other words, for the purpose of pick-up and delivery, a relay terminal should be located at the every major node in conjunction with distance and delivery lead time to perform the speediest delivery to consignee's door via a relay terminal. In order to establish and operate those required hardware at the same time, the computer systems including barcoding and tracing functions should be installed at each terminal and van planning also should be done in accordance with scientific method for the transportation means and routes between terminal terminal and terminal door. In concluding, through this study, it is recommended that the logistics network for through delivery service of small package should be based on Point to point system linking Kyungbu line and Honam line.

銀行 營業店 EIS 構築方向에 관한 硏究

강연대 東亞大學校 經營大學院 1994 국내석사

In case of the domestic banks, the construct of the Branch Information Systems(B1S), which makes possible effective management of the branch offices, are needed fully as the maximized information, which are accumulated in the bank, is used when it supportes the correct making decision quickly. Recently, in the domestic banks, the computerization of the accounts systems are nearly finished and they are developing the information systems even though there are a few differences among them. However, most banks give undue value to develop the information systems, which emphasis on the head offices. Thus the investment for business of branch offices computerization is a little. In this study, cleared the application of the information systems and its problems and established the drive direction of the Branch Information Systems. First of all, cleared the problems and necessity of the BIS and the demands of the bank clerks with posing questionnaires. The results are as follow. First, branch offices are playing an important role in the business as the banks aim at 'The large branch office of The small head office' and the back clerks, who work at the branch offices, have been feeling keenly the necessity of receiving their offices' information systems. Therefore, for the effective management of those offices, they should be in a hurry for developing the Branch Information Systems. Second, the bank clerks' computer operating ability is weak seriously while the concern for the systems are strong. Third, the bank clerks feel inconvenience for the supply of the terminal is restricted and it is cause of the decrease of the efficiency of business. Thus the charge part mange for budget, and should be establish the computerization with the spread of terminal for each person, soon. Fourth, the bank clerks, who work at the branch office, wanted to use a practical information systems, which are provided the various information at the time and must be easy operating them. The Branch Information Systems construction direction was established according to the above results. The Executive Information System(E1S) that designed for BIS was applicable to the executives in the past. But recently, it is applying to the middle manager and lower manager, who want to increase the efficiency of business with the good quality information. Constructing this system, the bank clerks use it easily, so will be increased satisfaction of systems. Although the perfect system is not developed yet, the conceptional design, which are presented above study, will be useful developing the Branch Information Systems in future.

아시아.太平洋地域 經濟協力과 韓國의 構築方向에 關한 硏究 : 아세안을 中心으로

지금휘 韓國外國語大學校 1989 국내석사

금융산업의 고객관계관리(CRM)시스템 구축방향 및 활용에 관한 연구

이성준 숭실대학교 2001 국내석사

도로교통여건 변화에 따른 미래고속도로 설계요소 연구

이창봉 아주대학교 2007 국내석사

病院情報시스템 構築現況과 發展方向에 關한 硏究

신광식 고려대학교 1993 국내석사

南北韓 軍事的 信賴構築 推進方向

민경환 동국대학교 2009 국내석사

The objective of this paper is to understand North Korea's point of view for CBMs, and also our policy for CBMs against the North. In the mean time Korean government & all societies continuously have made an effort to soften a conflict and achieve a social integration under the serious confrontation between South & North Korea. However the Republic of Korea has not figured out even the real intention of North Korea yet, not to mention preparing against the North in an organized manner. As a result, lots of cooperations are in progress not smoothly. So my concerns are whether it's possible to have a military talks for confidence building measures, what is the best policy for the relaxation of two Koreas tensions, etc. Furthermore, almost of dialogues between North & South are broken off since President Lee's government. So the actual circumstances are in difficulties for building a CBMs, especially in the part of military. The South Korea's policy against the North become the focus of criticism by the North, on the other hand North efforts to bring into closer relationship to US. After the division of the Korean peninsula the major meetings, of course working group meetings were held non-periodically according to political purposes or requirements. Anyway the purpose of meetings are firstly, to reduce distrust in the each others by dialogues, secondly to lessen a difference of recognitions through the mutual agreements, and lastly to keep a solid state of peace in Korean peninsula as well as North-east Asia. CBMs are defined as 'apprehending the opposites intention against a threatening of the war, removing misgivings against the war, clearing how to use or operate a military forces in hostile relations, keeping a transparency, notification, and getting rid of misunderstandings. Definition of CBMs varies from narrow focus on operational military activities to any political, economic, or military confidence. Generally a process of communication between governments on security related matters. Preconditions for CBMs are less stringent than for conflict resolution. So general categories of CBMs are "declaratory ; statements of intent, transparency ; providing information including inspection, constraint ; risk reduction regimes with limits on personnel, equipment, or operational activities. Categories of CBMs within a functional topic are as follows, ① military to military contacts including military interaction cooperative activities, ② safety and prohibition of dangerous military activities, ③ communication, control, and transparency, ④ security building measures and arms control. It's really difficult to obtain excellent results for CBMs between the South and North, because of different ideology, sense of value, religion, especially our experience of Korean war, etc. Anyway in 2000, our policy for the North was replaced by the very different stage, so called "Sunshine Policy" by President Kim Dae-jung, and subsequently in 2000 and 2007, we had a marvelous success inter-Korean relations by the summit talks. Also there seems to be the controversy within ROK over its Sunshine Policy toward North Korea. But North Korea is using the military as a mean to maintain its structure and ensure its survival. Internally North Korea can tighten its social unity by advertising its nuclear weapon holder status as a success of building a strong nation. On the other hand in an external point of view North Korea is trying to ensure the survival of its regime and obtain international economic support at the same time by bargaining with the US. Anyway we have to make our effort to achieve an improved relation, such as ① inter-korean military affairs become a full bilateral agenda item, ② the DPRK implements internal reforms with US and international support, ③ the DPRK becomes more pragmatic, ④ a comprehensive solution to the WMD problem is achieved, ⑤ the ROK government continues a non-confront -ational policy. We have to maintain military-to-military contacts including military interaction in non-military cooperative activities, safety and prohibition of dangerous military activities, communication by hotline, control, and transparency, security building measures and arms control. For example, operation of a peace zone inside the DMZ, exchange visits between defense university professors, exchange tours of military institutes, exchange visits of cadets to military academies, military atheletic competitions, military seminars. Despite heightened tensions along the Korean peninsula, opportunities exist to move interactions forward, as demonstrated by past efforts to open rail and road lines. Most importantly the South will support cooperative actions by the North politically and financially. CBMs must be viewed in "win-win" terms. CBMs are most effective if we build upon and are guided by regional or global norms.

兩方向 2車路 道路의 運營形態에 따른 遲滯模型構築

홍익상 大邱大學校 2003 국내박사

In two-lane highways, high-speed behicles are easily interfered by oiw-speed vehicles and traffic jam will occur. To escape from the delay, vehicles usually overtaking low-speed vehicles using opposite lane, which makes big problems in traffic safety. Due to two-mane highways show more congestions than other multi-lane highways. TO analyze these problems, studies on two-lane highways have been performed in various ways. Additionally, two-lane highways are not operated in the same type of operation method throughout the highways. There are some kind of special operation mechanism such as 'No-overtaking', 'overtaking Zone' and 'Concession Zone' Therefore, in this study, an analysis of two-lane highways on hoghway operation methods according to characterristics of traffic flow was performed and a total delay model was constructed through the studies on vehicle delay. The results of the studies are as follows: 1. When speed was analyzed according to the operation of two lane highways, the speed on overtaking Zone was a little faster then in No-overtaking Zone but there was not a significant differemce. It was analyzed that Concession Zone and Post-concession Zone showed remarkably faster speed. It was probably because the behicle platoon, as there would be less vehicles in the zone because of free passing and the ratio of freely driving vehicles increased rapidly. 2. When analyzing time headway, No-overtaking Zone showed 2.66sec and overtaking Zone showed 2.75sec as average time headway, which are similar. In Concession Zone, ot was shown as 3.66sec and in post-concession zone it was 3.69sec. 3.When lookign into the vehicle speed and time headway analysis, similar characteristics. of traffic flow were shown in both N0-overtaking Zone and overtaking Zone. In Concession Zone, remarkably better traffic characteristics were shown. This phenomenon is clearer when analyzing passing rate. When passing rate is analyzed, passing rate in N0 Passing Zone was 0.43% that in overtaking Zone was 1.80% and that in Concession Zone was 24.30%. When lookong into these results, passing rate cild change the traffic characteristics. 4. When an anlysis by HCM, KHCM and total suspension calculation equation was performed in order to analyze the service level according to highway operation type, concession hoghways showde better seervice level than Mo-overtakign Zone and overtaking Zone. 5. When summarizing those analysis results, in overtaking zone, it is very difficult to overtaking actually because of many restrictions such as securing enough distance and sight for outrunning and ot becomes similar to No-overtaking Area. Therefore it is judged that concession areas should be established even partoally to reduce the congestion of two lane roads. 6. IT proposed TDR_1 calculation model for KHCM as the study relating with two lane highways. However, KHCM proposed models by classifying highways as Type I and II based on design speed. but ot tos analyzed that highways with the same design speed show different characteristics according to operation types. Accordingly, a new TDR_1 calculation model was proposed according to the simple regression ananlysis results, which were microscopically classified by highway operation types. Mo-overtaking Zone TDR_1 = 0.0188 * v (R^2 = 0.884) Overtakign Zone TDR_1 = 0.0117 * v (R^2 = 0.601) Concession Zone TDR_1 = 0.0100 * v (R^2 = 0.612) 7. Considering overtaking, the biggest characteristec of two lane hoghways, No-overtaking Zone, overtakign Zone and Concession zone were analyzed with multi regression analysis and TDR_1 calculation model was established. No-overtaking Zone TDR_1 = 0.0139 · v + 0.0393·GR (R^2 = 0.928) TDR_1 = 0.0039·v - 0.2697·PS + 12.7072 (R^2 = 0.909) TDR_1 = 0.0054·v - 0.0787·PS + 7.9237 (R^2 = 0.870) When imcoming variable analysis was performed to construct a model, in N0-overtaking Zone, traffic volume and vehicle numbers were selected as incoming variables, because the correlation between them seemed to be high. In the two zones there overtaking was available, traffic volume and passing rate were selected as incoming variables because they were highly correlated. Through the analysis of incoming variables, it is known that how low-speed vehicles can cause traffic delay in No- overtaking Zone and the delay rate Concession Zone because high speed vehicles can escape from the delay because of low speed vehicles.

남북한 행정체제의 비교 및 통합 행정체제의 구축에 관한 연구

이봉재 연세대학교 행정대학원 2006 국내석사

1990년 10월 3일 독일은 40여년의 분단 상황을 극복하고 통일을 달성하였다. 이제 한반도만이 간절한 민족적 염원과 소망에도 갈등과 긴장을 불식시키지 못한 채 유일한 분단체제로 남아있다. 그러나 통일은 반드시 달성되어야 하며 또 불가능한 것도 아니다. 중요한 것은 통일에 대한 의지와 이에 대한 철저한 준비이다(양현모 1998, 1-2).통일 후 새로운 행정체제에 영향을 미치는 요소로는 통일한국의 정치체제와 이념, 통일의 방법과 시기, 통일당시의 남북한 행정체제, 통일한국의 행정수요 등이 있다. 특히 통일의 방법과 시기는 통일이후의 행정체제에 대한 직접적인 영향뿐만 아니라 통일당시의 정치·경제·사회적 상황 등 다른 요소들에도 영향을 미치는 가장 중요한 요소라고 할 수 있다. 즉 통일이후의 행정체제는 흡수통일이냐 합의통일이냐에 따라서 달라질 수 있으며, 흡수통일 중에서도 평화적인 흡수통일이냐 무력에 의한 흡수통일이냐에 따라서 통일이후의 행정체제는 영향을 받을 것이다. 그러나 통일의 방법과 시기의 차이는 반드시 통일이후 전혀 상반된 행정체제를 구축하는 절대적 기준이 된다고 볼 수는 없다. 합의에 의한 통일이라 하더라도 통일한국의 정치체제는 자유민주주의와 시장경제를 기본으로 하여야 할 것이며, 이와 같은 틀 속에서 행정체제 역시 구상되어야 할 것이다. 남한이 주도하는 통일이라 하더라도 효율성이라는 측면뿐만 아니라 북한에 대한 지역적 배려와 북한지역 출신엘리트의 정치참여를 통해서 갈등구조를 해소하고 화합적인 행정체제를 구축해야 할 것이다.전쟁을 방지하고 평화적 방법으로 남북이 상호합의하에 통일하고자 하는 노력이 통일의 미래상에 대한 우리의 원칙과 기준을 부정하는 것은 아닐 것이며, 법·제도적 우위성과 경제력을 바탕으로 남한주도의 통일추진 당위성을 약화시킬 수도 없을 것이다. 예컨대, 자유민주주의 체제의 이념적 보편성과 지방자치제의 가치, 국가 관료제 도입의 당위성 등은 통일의 방식과 관계없이 통일이후 행정통합의 원칙과 목표가 될 것이다.중앙행정체제의 개편에서 최우선 과제는 북한지역에 노동당지배구조를 종식시키는 일이며, 남한에서도 정부조직개편이 불가피할 것이다. 이와 같은 기존의 남북한 행정조직의 대규모 개편은 이를 대체할 새로운 행정체제의 구축을 요구할 것이다.조기통일의 경우 통일이 준비 없이 급작스럽게 닥친 경우로서, 행정수요가 급증하고 효율성을 중시하는 행정체제가 불가피하게 될 것이다. 통일이후의 상황이 남북한을 단일한 행정체제로 관리하는 것이 어려울 정도로 행정수요가 급증한다면, 북한지역을 남한의 행정체제로부터 독립시켜 별도로 관리하기 위한 방안을 고려할 수 있다.점진적인 통일의 경우, 통일시점에서 남북간 이질감과 격차가 크지 않기 때문에 행정수요가 크지 않을 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 행정체제의 구축에서 화합성에 보다 중점을 둘 수 있다. 즉 북한지역을 별도로 관리하는 행정체제보다는 남북한 전체를 정상적으로 관리하는 행정체제의 구축이 가능할 것이다(최진욱 2000, 1-7).통일 전 서독의 정치적·경제적·사회적 여건은 현재의 우리보다는 훨씬 나은 편이었다. 동독 또한 사회주의체제의 모범적인 국가로 현재 처해 있는 북한의 상황보다도 긍정적이었다. 그럼에도 불구하고 통일 후 독일의 정치적·경제적·사회적 통합과정에서는 많은 문제점들이 발생되었다. 이러한 점은 통일을 준비하는 우리에게 중요한 교훈을 제공하고 있다. 특히 구동독지역에서의 행정체제 구축과정, 과거 사회주의체제하에서 활동하였던 구동동 공직자의 심사, 이를 통한 해고 및 재임용과정 등 행정통합과정은 간과할 수 없는 중요한 시사점을 제공하고 있다(양현모 1998, 7).통일에 대한 준비는 어느 분야보다도 중요한 국가적 과제라고 할 수 있다. 준비 없이 맞은 통일이 정치·경제·사회적으로 어떠한 후유증을 남겼는가를 우리는 이미 독일, 베트남, 예멘의 예에서 보았다. 특히 행정통합과 같은 분야는 이론적인 차원의 연구에 그치는 것이 아니라, 통일이후 발생할 북한지역의 행정기구를 조직하는 등의 장기적 과제이므로 지속적인 연구와 대비가 있어야 할 것이다(최진욱 2000, 7). Chapter I Introduction 1Section 1 Purpose and Background of the Study1Section 2 Methods and Organization of the Study3Chapter II Theories of Integration and Administrative Integration5Section 1 Concept of Integration51. Concept of Integration 52. Theory of Integration (Theoretical Review)123. Application of the Theory of Integration to Integration ofSouth and North Koreas16Section 2 Concept of Administrative Integration18Section 3 Preceding Studies about Administrative Integration betweenSouth and North Koreas19Chapter III Comparison of Administrative Systems betweenSouth and North Koreas and Case Studies25Section 1 Administrative System of South Korea251. Administrative Environment of South Korea252. Basic Principles of Government Organization263. Structure of Government Organization30Section 2 Administrative System of North Korea341. Administrative Environment of North Korea342. Basic Principles of Government Organization373. Central Administrative Organization40Section 3. Comparison of Administrative Systems between Southand North Koreas 43Section 4. Analysis of Administrative System Integration in Germany461. Characteristics of the Administrative Organizations in East and West Germanies462. Characteristics of the Administrative Organization in West Germany463. Characteristics of the Administrative Organization in EastGermany48Chapter 5 Integration of the Administrative Organizations betweenEast and West Germanies501. Reorganization of West German Government52

韓國外交政策의 問題點과 脫冷戰 時代의 外交方向 : 韓半島地域 平和構築을 中心으로

장영권 高麗大學校 1992 국내석사