본 연구의 목적은 관광기업 종사원의 심리적 주인의식을 구체적인 개념을 정립하고, 심리적 주인의식의 선행요인으로 직무특성과 조직특성의 개념과 구성요인을 고찰하였으며, 결과요인으...

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https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T11846325
경산 : 대구대학교, 2009
학위논문(박사) -- 대구대학교 대학원 , 관광경영학과 관광경영전공 , 2009
2009
한국어
326.39 판사항(4)
338.4791 판사항(21)
경상북도
vii, 114 p. ; 26 cm
참고문헌: p. 92-105
0
상세조회0
다운로드본 연구의 목적은 관광기업 종사원의 심리적 주인의식을 구체적인 개념을 정립하고, 심리적 주인의식의 선행요인으로 직무특성과 조직특성의 개념과 구성요인을 고찰하였으며, 결과요인으...
본 연구의 목적은 관광기업 종사원의 심리적 주인의식을 구체적인 개념을 정립하고, 심리적 주인의식의 선행요인으로 직무특성과 조직특성의 개념과 구성요인을 고찰하였으며, 결과요인으로 종사원의 태도로서 조직몰입, 직무몰입, 경력몰입을 중심으로 관광기업 종사원 주인의식에 대하여 그 관계성을 파악하고자 하였다. 또한 실증적 연구에서 얻어진 결과를 통하여 심리적 주인의식에 의한 관광기업의 경영전략을 모색해보고자 한다.
본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 실증연구를 위한 조사대상은 관광기업의 종사원을 대상으로 설문 조사하였다. 유효표본수는 483부이며, 빈도분석, 요인분석, 신뢰도 분석은 SPSS 13.0을 사용하여 분석하였으며, 측정척도에 대한 타당도 확인과 가설의 검증은 AMOS 5.0을 활용하였다. 본 연구에 대한 가설은 6개의 상위 가설과 이 상위 가설에 대한 24개의 하위가설로 구성되었으며, 그 중 16개의 가설이 채택되었다. 분석결과를 구체적으로 살펴보면 첫째, 관광기업 종사원의 조직특성요인 중 지각된 조직의 지원만이 조직에 대한 심리적 주인의식에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 관광기업 종사원의 조직특성요인 중 상사의 지원, 조직의 지원, 고용의 안정성이 직무에 대한 심리적 주인의식에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 관광기업 종사원의 직무특성요인 중 직무의 정체성, 직무의 중요성만 조직에 대한 심리적 주인의식에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 넷째, 관광기업 종사원의 직무특성요인 중 직무의 정체성, 직무의 중요성, 직무자율성, 직무피드백이 직무에 대한 심리적 주인의식에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 다섯째, 관광기업 종사원의 심리적 주인의식은 조직몰입, 직무몰입, 경력몰입에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다.
본 연구의 이론적 시사점은 다음과 같다. 관광기업 종사원을 대상으로 심리적 주인의식의 선행요인으로 직무특성과 조직특성 요인을 고찰하였고, 심리적 주인의식의 결과 변수인 종사원의 태도와의 관계를 구조적으로 파악하였다. 또한 관광기업 측면에서 심리적 주인의식을 체계적으로 이론 정립을 하였고, 특히 심리적 주인의식의 조직차원과 직무차원을 모두 고려했다는 점과 관광기업 장면에서의 심리적 주인의식에 관한 연구모형의 개발과 방향을 제시하였다는 점에서 의미 있는 연구라고 할 수 있다. 둘째, 관광기업 종사원의 직무 및 조직에 대한 심리적 주인의식에 영향을 미치는 요인으로서 종사원이 지각하는 조직특성이나 직무특성요인이 기존의 연구와는 다른 결과가 도출되었다. 이는 관광기업 종사원이 일반기업의 표본과 비교 했을 때 조직문화나 직무환경 등의 차이가 있었기 때문이라 생각된다. 셋째, 검증한 결과에 의하면 제시한 연구가설 중 종사원의 조직 및 직무에 대한 심리적 주인의식이 종사원의 태도(조직몰입, 직무몰입, 경력몰입)에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 몰입이 심리적인 주인의식에 작용을 한다는 연구가 있었으나 구조적 관계를 검토한 결과 심리적 주인의식의 작용에 따른 몰입의 정도가 더욱 강한 구조적 관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 심리적 주인의식의 고취로 몰입의 성과를 얻을 수 있다는 이론이 더욱 설득력을 갖는다고 볼 수 있는 결과이다.
본 연구를 통해 제시할 수 있는 실무적 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 관광기업 종사원을 대상으로 하여 심리적 주인의식의 영향 요인으로 직무특성요인, 조직특성요인, 결과변수로서 종사원 태도에 관하여 포괄적인 연구를 실시하였다. 대개 관광기업을 포함한 모든 기업의 경영자들은 자신들의 종사원에게 심리적 소유의식을 가지라고만 강요를 한다. 그러나 본 연구를 통하여 종사원들에게 심리적 주인의식이 매우 중요하며, 기업의 경영자나 종사원들에게 심리적 주인의식에 대한 중요성을 부각시키는 계기가 되었을 것이다. 아울러 관광기업 경영자들은 종사원들에 대한 정서 관리의 중요성을 인식하게 함으로써 심리적 소유의식을 가질 수 있도록 조직의 지원활동을 촉진할 수 있을 것이다. 둘째, 심리적 주인의식이 높을수록 조직과 직무, 그리고 경력에 몰입을 하게 된다는 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로, 종사원의 몰입을 유도하는 것이 곧 기업의 최후 목적과도 일맥상통하게 된다. 그렇기 때문에 기업에서는 종사원의 심리적 주인의식을 고취시킬 수 있는 다양한 조직문화 환경을 형성해야 할 것이다. 마지막으로 관광기업 경영자는 종사원들에게 일방적인 심리적 소유의식을 강요하기 보다는 직무환경과 조직환경의 특성을 분석하고 인정하여, 종사원들에게 적절하게 보상 및 지원해주는 방향으로 새로운 서비스 철학을 구축하여야 할 것이다.
향후 연구에서는 심리적 주인의식의 척도가 좀 더 관광기업에 적합한 직무나 조직 정서에 부합되는 정밀한 척도의 개발이 필요하다. 또한 관광기업 조직 특성을 결정하는 요인이 있을 법한데 이에 대한 이론정립이나 연구는 시도되지 않고 있다. 따라서 관광기업 경영을 연구하는 학자들의 보다 세분화 되고 관광기업의 독자적인 조직특성과 직무특성 요인에 관한 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.
다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)
The purpose of this study is to establish the concept of the psychological ownership of the employees in the tourism industry, to examine the concept and constructs of the organizational and job characteristics as the antecedents of the psychological ...
The purpose of this study is to establish the concept of the psychological ownership of the employees in the tourism industry, to examine the concept and constructs of the organizational and job characteristics as the antecedents of the psychological ownership, and as a result, to understand the relationships between the ownership of the employees in the tourism industry and the employees' attitudes as consequences, such as the organizational immersion, job immersion and career immersion. In the light of the psychological ownership, this study attempts to find the management strategies of the tourism businesses through the results of the empirical study.
To achieve the purpose of this study, the questionnaires were distributed to the employees of the tourism-related businesses. The usable samples were 483. SPSS 13.0 were utilized for descriptive analysis, factor analysis and reliability analysis. AMOS 5.0 was used for identifying the validity of the scale measurements and testifying the research hypotheses suggested by this study. 24 hypotheses are proposed in this study. 16 of them were accepted. The results of the empirical study as follows: First, it was found that, amongst the factors of organizational characteristics, the perceived organizational support had an positive effect on the psychological ownership of the organization; second, it was identified that amongst the organizational characteristics of the employees in the tourism industry, a senior manager's support, the organization's support, and the employment stability positively influenced the psychological ownership of the job; third, it was revealed that, amongst the factors of the job characteristics of the employees in the tourism industry, the job identification and the job importance exerted a positive influence on the psychological ownership of the organization; fourth, it was found that, amongst the organizational characteristics of the employees in the tourism industry, the job identification, the job importance, the job autonomy, and the job feedback had a significant influence on the psychological ownership of the job; and fifth, it was discovered that the psychological ownership of the employees in the tourism-related businesses positively affected the organizational immersion, the job immersion, and career immersion.
The theoretical implications of this study are as follows:
First, this study investigated the constructs of the job characteristics and the organizational characteristics as the antecedents of the psychological ownership focusing on the employees of the tourism-related businesses as well as the structural relationship of the immersion as consequences of the psychological ownership. Furthermore, the psychological ownership was systematically theorized in the tourism-business context. In particular, this study is considered meaningful since the consideration of both the level of the organization and that of the job, and the development of the research model of the psychological ownership; second, the results of this study were different from the previous ones in terms of the organizational characteristics and the job characteristics perceived by the employees, which influence the psychological ownership of the job and the organization of the employees in the tourism industry. This result seems to because the difference between the employees in the tourism industry and those in the general industry in the organizational cultures and environments; third, it was found that the psychological ownership of the organization and job of the employees positively influenced the organization, job and career immersions of the employees. Even though previous studies contends that the immersion affects the psychological ownership, the study provides the result that the psychological ownership strongly influences the immersion. In other words, it is more convincing that the increase of the psychological ownership leads to the higher performance of the immersion.
This study suggests the managerial implications as follows:
First, this study adopted and examined the constructs of the job characteristics and the organizational characteristics as the antecedents of the psychological ownership and those of the immersion as the consequences. As every single enterprise including the tourism sector forces their employees to have the psychological ownership, the psychological ownership has been found very important in this study. In addition, the tourism entrepreneurs will provides the organization's supportive activities by considering the emotion management of the employees important.
Second. As the psychological ownership increases, the organization, job and career are more immersed by the employees. the employees' immersion is the ultimate goal of the corporates. therefore, a variety of the organization cultural environments should be formed to inspire the psychological ownership of the employees.
Last, the tourism entrepreneurs should build the new philosophy of the service, which provides a proper reward system, by analyzing the nature of the job environment and the organization environment future researchers need to develop more delicate measures of the psychological ownership, which can be adequate to the environments of the tourism businesses. Moreover, few studies have discovered the determinants of the characteristics of the tourism-related businesses. Therefore, future researchers should study the uniquely applied organization characteristics and job characteristics to the tourism-related businesses.
목차 (Table of Contents)
참고문헌 (Reference)
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