환경단체와 LMO시설 모니터링 결과를 바탕으로 한 GMO방향성 제언

정효진,한태호 전남대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2017 농업생명과학연구동향 Vol.54 No.

ABSTRACT 미승인 LMO유채가 2017년 태백산 유채꽃 축제장에서 발견되었다고 국립종자원에서의 발표와 더불어 국내 자연환경에 LMO식물 종자가 비의도적으로 방출되어 생태계에 적응 할 수 있지 않느 냐는 환경단체의 우려가 깊어지고 있다. 이에 농촌진흥청에서는 LMO격리재배실험을 하고 있는 LMO격리포장 정기 모니터링에 환경운동단체들을 처음으로 참여케 하고 농촌진흥청 생물안전성 과 및 중앙대학교, 전남대학교, 경상대학교를 중심으로 전국을 3권역으로 나눠 총 17개 LMO격리 포장을 점검하였다. 현장 모니터링 팀들은 격리포장의 시설 상태를 점검하고 해당 LMO격리포장 에서 재배하는 LMO와 근연종 서식 여부를 조사하였다. 본 조사단은 단국대학교, 전남대학교, 제 주대학교, 국립농업과학원, 국립원예특작과학원, 국립식량과학원을 모니터링 하였으며, 이중 단국 대학교, 전남대학교, 국립농업과학원은 LMO벼 재배실험을 준비 중이거나 진행 중이었으며, 제주 대학교는 LMO잔디를, 국립원예특작과학원은 LMO사과를 격리재배실험 중에 있었다. 이번 모니 터링 과정 중에 LMO개발자, LMO격리시설 관리자, 소비자간의 다양한 의견이 제시되어 모니터 링 보고서에 기제되었다. 환경운동단체는 다국적기업에서 수입되는 LMO사료 작물에 대응하는 LMO연구가 실제적으로 이뤄지지 않고 식량작물과 원예작물에 치중되어 있는 상황을 지적하였 다. 특히 LMO벼를 개발하고 재배 실험하는 부분에서는 개발자와 깊은 관점의 차이를 보였다. LMO완전표시제는 대한민국 농민에게 경쟁력을 부여할 수 있는 제도이며 소비자들의 알권리를 보장하는 제도로, 본 모니터링 과정 중에서 도출된 결론 중에 하나라 사료된다.

친환경농업 농가 컨설팅에 대한 반응 조사

오환중,차광홍,정우진,김길용,박노동 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2011 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.46 No.-

The interactions between Environment-Friendly Agriculture Research Center (EFARC) and farmers in Jeonnam Province area who have practiced environment-friendly agriculture (EFA) under guidances of EFARC were investigated through enquete. The enquete was conducted during July - September, 2010. One hundred and eighty nine farmers responded all inquiries among 200 farmers. The main results are summarized as follows: 1. Rice was the predominant crop grown by farmers (49%), and the next major was hot pepper (12%). Most farmers (95.3%) have practiced environment-friendly agriculture at the levels of no-pesticide (55.6%), lower pesticide (32.8%), and organic (6.9%). 2. Major motivations of practicing EFA are for the production of safe foodstuffs (52.6%) and for an increase of income (40.1%). 3. Around 3 quarters of the environment-friendly agriculture products are shipped through Nonghyup, the cooperative marketing. The price margin between ordinary agriculture products and EFA products was of 5~10% for 63.5% farmers, of 10~20% for 14.3% ones, and of 20~30% for 14.8% ones. 4. Bottlenecks for practicing EFA are in the order of the unstability of shipping price (34.9%), cultivation techniques (20.1%), excess labor input (19.6%), and control of disease and insect pest (18%). 5. It turned out that more than 90% farmers who have practiced EFA under guidance of EFARC recognized the consulting activities of EFARC as to be helpful for them. 6. Establishment of national organizations which are specialized in consultation for EFApracticing farmers has been suggested.

농업ㆍ농촌 기본법의 주요 농업정책과제

김영수 전남대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2000 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.35 No.-

This study discusses the contents and the main subjects that are contained in "The Agricultural and Rural Fundamental Law". The results of this study are to be helpful to those who related with this law, the contents and characteristics were compared with those of the past laws and the subjects and directions of the policies appeared in this law were analyzed and discussed. In this study, the related past laws, regulations, and references were discussed. The purposes appeared in "The Agricultural and Rural Fundamental Law" are ; firstly Agriculture, as a basic industry that play a key role in supplying food to people and contributing to the protection of environment, can be a foundation of balanced development of national economy. Secondly, the balanced incomes between the farmer population and the other population can be realized. And lastly, rural area can be a place where tradition and culture are preserved, developed and transferred to next generation. The main fundamental subjects of policy in the law are concerning about ① the safe supply of food, ② the encouragement of structural reformation, ③ the development of rural area and the enhancement of public welfare, ④ the development of pro-environmental agriculture, and ⑤ the presentation of agricultural policy after reunification. The main direction of agricultural policy in this law is to pursue the efficiency of the market economy and to consider the role of agriculture as a public benefactor at the same time.

水稻作 耕地의 區劃規模에 따른 農業機械의 作業性能(Ⅱ) : 乾畓直播 栽培 Direct-Seeding in dry Land

유수남,구자웅 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 1997 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.32 No.-

본 연구는 건답직파 수도재배의 경우 농업기계 이용측면에서 포장의 대구획화에 따른 경지정리의 적정 구획규모 결정을 위한 기초자료와 영농의 효율화와 생산성 향상을 위한 영농방법 및 이에 따른 기계화 작업체계 수립의 기초자료를 제공하고자 경지구획(경구)의 규모와 형상에 따른 대형 고성능 농업기계의 포장작업능률, 포장작업효율 등을 분석하였으며, 그 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 장변 길이가 길어짐에 따라 이앙작업을 제외한 모든 작업에서 포장작업능률과 포장작업효율은 높아지는 것으로 나타났으며, 이에 따라 ha당 총작업소요시간도 줄어들었다. 2. 단변의 길이 증가에 따른 포장작업능률과 포장작업효율은 구동경운, 정지, 파종작업 등에서는 약간씩 증가하였으며, 수확작업에서는 거의 일정하게 나타난 반면, 제초제 살포와 병충해약제 살포 등 방제작업과 추비살포작업에서는 약간씩 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 시비작업(기비살포)에서는 단변의 길이 변화에 따라 크게 변동하였다. ha당 총작업소요시간은 대체적으로 방제작업의 비중이 상대적으로 크기 때문에 단변의 길이 증가에 따라 약간씩 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 포장작업능률은 거의 모든 작업에서 동일한 구획규모에서는 장단변비의 증가에 따라 대체적으로 증가하였으며, 또한 같은 장단변비에서는 구획규모가 클수록 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 총작업소요시간은 동일한 구획에서는 장단변비가 커질수록 감소하며, 같은 장단변비에서는 구획규모가 클수록 적어짐을 보였다. 그러나 장단변비가 커질수록 포장작업능률 증가율과 총작업소요시간의 감소율은 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 4. 대구획화를 위하여 장변의 길이를 길게하는 것은 단변을 길게하는 것보다 거의 모든 작업에서 효과적으로 포장작업능률과 포장작업효율을 높일수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 현행 농업기계 체계를 고려해 볼 때 장변의 길이는 100∼150 m, 단변의 길이는 60∼80 m로 각각 제한되어 적정 구획규모는 약 0.6∼1.2 ha 정도인 것으로 판단되며, 포장의 배수성 개선, 대형 트랙터에 적합한 부착작업기의 채용,포장주행이 가능한 방제 및 추비살포기계의 개발이 이루어진다면 농업기계능률을 높이기 위하여 1.2∼1.6 ha의 구획규모로 경지를 대구획화하는 것이 바람직 할 것으로 보인다. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of field size on field capacities of farm machines and their operating times for determining the optimum field size in direct-seeding of rice in dry land. As long side length increases, the field capacities and field efficiencies increased and total operating time per ha of the machines decreased in most works. As short side length increases, the field capacities and field efficiencies increased slightly in rotary tilling, pulverizing, and seeding works, and were almost constant in harvesting work. But those were changed irregularly due to the wide effective working width in fertilizing work, and were decreased slightly owing to the time loss for resting in weedicide and pesticide application works. Total operating time per ha of the machines decreased slightly as the short side length increases. As the ratio of long side length to short side length increases under same field size, the field capacities of the machines increased and total operating time per ha of the machines decreased. But, increasing rates of field capacities and decreasing rate of operating time per ha were reduced gradually. In the case of same ratio, field capacities increased and total operating time per ha decreased as the field size increases. Increase of the long side length is more effective than that of the short side length for improving the field capacities of machines and reducing their operating times. Long side length is limited by the loading capacities of chemical distributers and short side length is limited by the effective working width of machines. And therefore long side and short side can be lengthende up to 100 - 150 m and 60 - 80 m, respectively and optimum field size is in the range of 0.6 - 1.2 ha under the current farm machine system. But, if improvement of drainage, and development of chemical distributer which can run in the field are achieved, field size in the range of 1.2 - 1.6 ha is desirable for improving field capacities of machines.

웅성불임성을 이용한 효율적인 F₁ 양파 품종 개발

조영초,김성길 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2016 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.53 No.-

Onion is agronomically very important plant in the world and difficult to develop variety due to life cycle of biannual crop. For that reason, breeding period of new elite line need approximately fifteen years and breeding time is longer than other annual crop. To develop efficient F₁ variety in onion, onion breeder need to understand interaction between cytoplasm and nuclear about cytoplasmic male sterility and restorer of fertility respectively. Use of previously developed molecular markers is essential to utilize this system and breed elite lines efficiently. application of this molecular markers to be able to recognize cytoplasmic male sterility type and restorer of fertility gene in onion breeding are possible to reduce breeding period and able to classify lines without testcross according propose such as ms and maintainer lines. CMS and Rf system of onion scribed in this paper will be utilized in onion breeding program to efficient F₁ variety development.

쌍봉천창형 유리온실(Twin Vent Glasshouse,TVG)신모형 개발

서범석,정종훈,정순주,서상용 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 1993 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.28 No.-

비육돈에 발아보리와 청보리 혼합 첨가사료 급여가 소화율과 도체등급에 미치는 영향

선상수,정용수,이현삼,김경현 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2016 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.53 No.-

One-hundred twenty six "Golden Pigs" (YxBxD three-way crossbreed, 135-day old, 75~80kg BW) were randomly assigned each 42 pigs in three treatment groups. Three treatments were control, treatment 1 (10%VAW + 2% green barley straw), and treatment 2 (10%VAW + 4% GBS). Experimental diets were mixed commercial diet with vitalised activated white (VAW) and green barley straw(GBS) and then fed 45 days. Measurements were feed intake, weight gain, and digestibility. Meat grade were measures from "Korea Institute for Animal Products Quality Evaluation, KAPE". ADG was significantly (p<0.05) decreased in treatment 1 (533g) and treatment 2 (470g) that in control group. Meat panel test were control (36%), treatment 1 (28%), treatment 2 (36%). Back fat was low in treatment 1. Meat grade were control (1.125), treatment 1 (0.875), and treatment 2 (0.667). Therefore meat guality was improved by treatment. In result, VAW and green barley straw addition was improved meat quality without other detrimental effects in finishing pig.

양파의 안토시아닌 생합성 과정의 조절 유전자

백가연,김성길 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2016 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.53 No.-

Anthocyanin pigments are useful in human, and play many roles in plants. The anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, originated flavonoid pathway, synthesize anthocyanin pigments. Many of genes that encode enzymes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Regulatory genes regulate structural genes that encode enzymes, have been identified though studies of flowers and fruits in many plants. But there are not in onion. In this paper, we describe genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in onion, and we discuss the future prospects in relation to new technologies.

양파 신품종 라양 육성

김성준,김효중,윤봉기,한태호,손동모 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2016 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.53 No.-

Onions are one of the most important vegetable crops in Jeonnam. Its cultivated area accounts for 9,171ha out of 18,015ha, which represents 50.9%. In 2003, yellow mother bulbs, which have heavy bulb weight and were close to circular shape, were selected in Muan. The selected bulbs were self-fertilized and developed into Generation S1, and then an elite line was selected in the selected bulbs from 2005 to 2011. The selected line was generated S4 siecle, JS-8-27-3-1 was choosen and named as JS0002. A special examination was conducted in seven different areas of five different states; Muan, Goheung in Jeonnam, Changnyong in Kyungnam, Andong Kyungbuk, Jechong in Chongbok, and Jeju. Compared to other races, Rayang was 3.5cm shorter in plant height and 0.3 less in number of leaf per plant, but it was 1.4mm and 2.4mm thicker in diameter of leaf and pseudostem diameter. As a result of the examination, it was founded that super-species was not a check variety from a purebred variety, but F1, if a check variety and F1 growth grow and were raised in the same period, area, and by the same method. Therefore, heterosis was easily found in F1 rather than the check variety raised by a purevred variety. As a result of the examination, it was founded that super-species was not a check variety from a purebred variety, but F1, if a check variety and F1 growth grow and were raised in the same period, area, and by the same method. Therefore, heterosis was easily found in F1 rather than the check variety raised by a purevred variety. Compared to the check varieties, the number of Rayang was increased by 3.3% and its commercial yield was also increased by 8%. Onions are classified according to bulb weights: small bulbs (100-200g),medium bulbs (200-300g), and big bulbs (300g and more). Based on bulb weights, small bulbs’ proportion was lower and big bulbs’ proportion was 24.1%, which is indicated 14.1% difference. Rayang seems much superior than other check varieties because of its high yield potential and rate of big bulbs even under this kind of weather like this yeild in 2016. Although Rayang has a difficult time growing above ground, Rayang is considered as C-line to generate new promising F1 because it is adaptable and flexible to about a rapid change in the weather in Jeonnam and more likely to become auxeses.

대추분말 첨가가 저지방 소시지의 품질 및 저장성에 미치는 영향

고아라,김광현,진구복 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2016 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.53 No.-

This study was performed to determine the quality characteristics and shelf-life of low-fat boiled or smoked sausages containing oven-dried jujube powder at 0.5 and 1.0%. The addition of jujube powder changed the color to be brighter and more yellow during storage (P<0.05). The low-fat boiled sausages with 1% jujube powder were lower cooking loss than the control sausage or 0.5% jejube sausage (p<0.05), and hardness of low-fat smoked sausages with 0.5% jujube powder were higher than the control sausage (p<0.05). Low-fat sausages did not show any interaction between days and treatments in most parameters (p>0.05). Jujube powder (1%) increased the total plate counts of the low-fat boiled sausages, however, the microbial counts in the smoked sausage were not affected by the jujube powder. Thus, the incorporation of jujube powder into the low-fat sausage mixture affected differently depending on the cooking method, however, the jejube powder changed the color of the sausage, regardless of the cooking method.