Free Surface Vortex in a Rotating Barrel with Rods of Different Heights

Zhang Xiaoyue,Zhang Min,ChenWanyu,Yang Fan,Guo Xueyan 한국유체기계학회 2016 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.9 No.4

A bathtub vortex above the outlet of a rotating barrel is simulated. By analyzing the Ekman layer theory, it can be found that the main flow circulation is inversely proportional to the thickness of Ekman layer. The thicker the Ekman boundary layer, the weaker the rotational strength and the shorter of the length of gas core is. According to this law, models of barriers with rods of different heights are established. The reduction of air-core length in this air entrainment vortex and weakening the strength of rotation field were achieved.

Influence of thermal treatment on the performance of copper phthalocyanine thin-film transistors

Xueyan Tian,Zheng Xu,Fujun Zhang,Suling Zhao,Guangcai Yuan,Jing Li,Qinjun Sun,Ying Wang 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.1

Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) with bottom-gate and bottom-contact configuration based on copper phthalocyanines (CuPc) as active layer were fabricated. The performance of CuPc OTFTs was studied before and after thermal treatment on CuPc layer. The values of the threshold voltage before and after thermal treatment are -6.3 and -5.7 V, respectively. The field-effect mobility values in saturation regime of CuPc thin-film transistors before and after thermal treatment are 0.014 ㎠/Vs and 0.0068 ㎠/Vs,respectively. The experimental results indicate that there is a heavy decay on the mobility of CuPc based OTFTs mostly due to the crystalline morphology change induced by the thermal treatment, and absolute value of the threshold voltage after thermal treatment decreases with the decrease of the CuPc film thickness and the roughness.

Preliminary Simulation on Spaceborne Sparse Array Millimeter Wave Radar for GMTI

Xueyan Kang,Yunhua Zhang 한국전자파학회JEES 2010 Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science Vol.10 No.4

Spaceborne sparse array radar for ground moving targets indication (GMTI) has outstanding advantage over full array radar for constructing ultra-large aperture. Rapid development of millimeter wave (MMW) technology make it possible for realizing MMW GMTI radar, which is much more sensitive to slow moving ground target. The paper presented the system model of a multi-carrier frequency sparse array MMW radar as well as preliminary simulation results, which showed future application of the system is very promising.

A study on the cannibalism behaviour and predation of the larvae of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)

Mbuji Amosi Leonard,Gong Xueyan,Li Fen,Yang Lei,Shi Xueyan,Peng Zhengqiang,Zhang Ying,Wu Shaoying 한국곤충학회 2022 Entomological Research Vol.52 No.5

Cannibalism behaviour in the Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is among of liming factor for mass production of the larvae for laboratory experiment. To understand the change of cannibalism, larvae of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd were used to study cannibalism they were put on the 3rd, 4th, and 5th larvae growth stages in a density of 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70. In this study, the results showed that the functional response of the 3rd -5th instar larvae to the 2nd larvae and the 4th–5th instar larvae to the 3rd larvae and 5th and 6th instar larvae to the 4th larvae fitted well with the Holling II mode. The maximum predation of the 3rd-5th instar larvae on the 2nd instar larvae were 27.17, 74.63, and 232.6 respectively, the maximum predation of the 4th–5th instar larvae on the 3rd instar larvae were 76.92 and 11.82 respectively, and the maximum predation of the 5th–6th instar larvae on the 4th instar larvae were 15.83 and 10.40. The predation of the older larvae to the younger larvae increased with the increase of the density of the younger larvae. This research aims at selecting the minimum number of larvae that will be effective and sustainable for laboratory experiments and minimizing the development of cannibalism in S. frugiperda, reduces crowding for larvae management and promoting healthy larvae. This study provides a pavement of managing larvae ensuring massive indoor larvae rearing to reduce the challenge of inadequate larva for the experiment.

High-density single nucleotide polymorphism chip-based conservation genetic analysis of indigenous pig breeds from Shandong Province, China

Wang, Yanping,Zhao, Xueyan,Wang, Cheng,Wang, Wenwen,Zhang, Qin,Wu, Ying,Wang, Jiying Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.7

Objective: Shandong indigenous pig breeds are important Chinese pig resources. Their progressive population decline in recent decades has attracted attention towards their conservation. Conservation genetics of these indigenous breeds are essential for developing a conservation and utilization scheme. Methods: A high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (HD-SNP) chip-based comparative analysis of genetic characteristics was performed for seven Shandong indigenous pig breeds in the context of five Western commercial breeds. Results: The results showed that Shandong indigenous pig breeds varied greatly in genetic diversity, effective population size, inbreeding level, and genetic distance with the Western commercial breeds. Specifically, Laiwu and Dapulian displayed low genetic diversity, and had a genetically distant relationship with the Western commercial breeds (average F statistics [F_ST] value of 0.3226 and 0.2666, respectively). Contrastingly, the other five breeds (Yantai, Licha, Yimeng, Wulain, and Heigai) displayed high genetic diversity within breed and had some extent of mixture pattern with the Western commercial breeds, especially Duroc and Landrace (F_ST values from 0.1043 to 0.2536). Furthermore, intensive gene flow was discovered among the seven Shandong indigenous breeds, particularly Wulian, Licha, and Heigai, as indicated by the large cluster formed in the principal component analysis scatterplot and small population differentiation (average of 0.1253) among them. Conclusion: Our study advances the understanding of genetic characteristics of Shandong indigenous breeds and provides essential information for developing an appropriate conservation and utilization scheme for these breeds.

Identification and Functional Characterization of R3 MYB Transcription Factor Genes in Soybean

Shucai Wang,Jinsong Pang,Hongwei Xun,Zhibing Zhang,Yunxiao Zhou,Xueyan Qian,Yingshan Dong,Xianzhong Feng,Bao Liu 한국식물학회 2018 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.61 No.2

In Arabidopsis, trichome formation is regulatedby a MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) transcriptional activatorcomplex, which can activate the expression of GLABRA2(GL2) and R3 MYB genes. GL2 is required for trichomeformation, whereas R3 MYBs inhibit trichome formation byblocking the formation of the MBW complex, thus inhibitingthe expression of GL2. By using the amino acid sequence of theArabidopsis R3 MYB transcription factor TRICHOMELESS1(TCL1) to BLAST the soybean (Glycine max) protein database,we found that there are a total of six R3 MYB genes insoybean, namely Glycine max TRICHOMELESS1 through 6(GmTCL1-GmTCL6). By generating transgenic plants, wefound that trichome formation in soybean plants overexpressingeach of the GmTCLs remained largely unchanged, and theexpression of putative GL1 and GL2 genes in the transgenicplants was unaffected. However, all the GmTCLs interactedwith GLABRA3 (GL3) in transfected Arabidopsis protoplasts,expression each of the GmTCLs in Arabidopsis inhibitedtrichome formation, and the expression levels of GL1 andGL2 were greatly reduced in the Arabidopsis transgenicplants. Moreover, phenotypic complementary analysis showedthat GmTCL1 is functionally equivalent to TCL1. Takentogether, these results suggest that GmTCLs are functionalR3 MYBs, however, they do not regulate trichome formationin soybean.

Investigation on aerodynamics and active flow control of a vertical axis wind turbine with flapped airfoil

Yang Yang,Chun Li,Wanfu Zhang,Xueyan Guo,Quanyong Yuan 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.4

A 2D unsteady numerical simulation with dynamic and sliding meshing techniques was conducted to solve the flow around a threeblade Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). The circular wakes, strip-like wakes and the shedding vortex structures interact with each other result in an extremely unstable performance. An airfoil with a trailing edge flap, based on the NACA0012 airfoil, has been designed for VAWT to improve flow field around the turbine. Strategy of flap control is applied to regulate the flap angle. The results show that the flapped airfoil has an positive effect on damping trailing edge wake separation, deferring dynamic stall and reducing the oscillating amplitude. The circular wake vortices change into strip vortices during the pitch-up interval of the airfoils. Examination of the flow details around the rotating airfoil indicates that flap control improves the dynamic stall by diminishing the trend of flow separation. Airfoil stall separation has been suppressed since the range of nominal angle of attack is narrowed down by an oscillating flap. Vortices with large intensity over rotational region are reduced by 90 %. The lift coefficient hysteresis loop of flapped airfoil acts as an O type, which represents a more stable unsteady performance. With flap control, the peak of power coefficient has increased by 10 % relative to the full blade VAWT. Obviously, the proposed flapped airfoil design combined with the active flow control significantly has shown the potential to eliminate dynamic stall and improve the aerodynamic performance and operation stability of VAWT.

Joint Space-time Coding and Power Domain Non-orthogonal Multiple Access for Future Wireless System

( Jin Xu ),( Hanqing Ding ),( Zeqi Yu ),( Zhe Zhang ),( Weihua Liu ),( Xueyan Chen ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.1

According to information theory, non-orthogonal transmission can achieve the multiple-user channel capacity with an onion-peeling like successive interference cancellation (SIC) based detection followed by a capacity approaching channel code. However, in multiple antenna system, due to the unideal characteristic of the SIC detector, the residual interference propagated to the next detection stage will significantly degrade the detection performance of spatial data layers. To overcome this problem, we proposed a modified power-domain non-orthogonal multiple access (P-NOMA) scheme joint designed with space-time coding for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) NOMA system. First, with proper power allocation for each user, inter-user signals can be separated from each other for NOMA detection. Second, a well-designed quasi-orthogonal space-time block code (QO-STBC) was employed to facilitate the SIC-based MIMO detection of spatial data layers within each user. Last, we proposed an optimization algorithm to assign channel coding rates to balance the bit error rate (BER) performance of those spatial data layers for each user. Link-level performance simulation results demonstrate that the proposed time-space-power domain joint transmission scheme performs better than the traditional P-NOMA scheme. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm is of low complexity and easy to implement.

Hippo signaling is intrinsically regulated during cell cycle progression by APC/C^Cdh1

Kim, Wantae,Cho, Yong Suk,Wang, Xiaohui,Park, Ogyi,Ma, Xueyan,Kim, Hanjun,Gan, Wenjian,Jho, Eek-hoon,Cha, Boksik,Jeung, Yun-ji,Zhang, Lei,Gao, Bin,Wei, Wenyi,Jiang, Jin,Chung, Kyung-Sook,Yang, Yingzi National Academy of Sciences 2019 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.116 No.19

<P><B>Significance</B></P><P>The Hippo signaling pathway is evolutionarily conserved in the animal kingdom and plays essential roles in regulating tissue growth during development and regeneration. We have identified APC/C<SUP>Cdh1</SUP>, a core component of cell cycle control machinery, as an evolutionarily conserved and previously unknown regulator of large tumor suppressor (LATS) kinases, which critically inhibit the YAP/TAZ transcription factors in transducing Hippo signaling. Our results suggest a model that APC/C<SUP>Cdh1</SUP> destabilizes LATS1/2 kinases in G1 phase of the cell cycle, leading to increased YAP/TAZ activities that promote G1/S transition by upregulating downstream gene expression, including <I>E2F1</I>. Our findings have important implications for a link between cell proliferation and LATS-regulated YAP/TAZ activities.</P><P>The Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in growth control during development and regeneration and its dysregulation is widely implicated in various cancers. To further understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying Hippo signaling regulation, we have found that activities of core Hippo signaling components, large tumor suppressor (LATS) kinases and YAP/TAZ transcription factors, oscillate during mitotic cell cycle. We further identified that the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C)<SUP>Cdh1</SUP> E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, which plays a key role governing eukaryotic cell cycle progression, intrinsically regulates Hippo signaling activities. CDH1 recognizes LATS kinases to promote their degradation and, hence, YAP/TAZ regulation by LATS phosphorylation is under cell cycle control. As a result, YAP/TAZ activities peak in G1 phase. Furthermore, we show in <I>Drosophila</I> eye and wing development that Cdh1 is required in vivo to regulate the LATS homolog Warts with a conserved mechanism. Cdh1 reduction increased Warts levels, which resulted in reduction of the eye and wing sizes in a Yorkie dependent manner. Therefore, LATS degradation by APC/C<SUP>Cdh1</SUP> represents a previously unappreciated and evolutionarily conserved layer of Hippo signaling regulation.</P>

Ratiometric and discriminative visualization of autophagic processes with a novel dual-responded lysosome-specific fluorescent probe

Fan Zheng,Yeshuo Ma,Jipeng Ding,Shuai Huang,Shengwang Zhang,Xueyan Huang,Bin Feng,Hongliang Zeng,Fei Chen,Wenbin Zeng 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background Autophagy is a critical self-eating pathway involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Lysosomal degradation of dysfunctional organelles and invading microorganisms is central to the autophagy mechanism and essential for combating disease-related conditions. Therefore, monitoring fluctuations in the lysosomal microenvironment is vital for tracking the dynamic process of autophagy. Although much effort has been put into designing probes for measuring lysosomal viscosity or pH separately, there is a need to validate the concurrent imaging of the two elements to enhance the understanding of the dynamic progression of autophagy. Methods Probe HFI was synthesized in three steps and was developed to visualize changes in viscosity and pH within lysosomes for real-time autophagy tracking. Then, the spectrometric determination was carried out. Next, the probe was applied to image autophagy in cells under nutrient-deprivation or external stress. Additionally, the performance of HFI to monitor autophagy was employed to evaluate acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Results We constructed a ratiometric dual-responsive probe, HFI, with a large Stokes shift over 200 nm, dualwavelength emission, and small background interference. The ratiometric fluorescent signal (R = I610/I460) of HFI had an excellent correlation with both viscosity and pH. More importantly, high viscosity and low pH had a synergistic promotion effect on the emission intensity of HFI, which enabled it to specially lit lysosomes without disturbing the inherent microenvironment. We then successfully used HFI to monitor intracellular autophagy induced by starvation or drugs in real-time. Interestingly, HFI also enabled us to visualize the occurrence of autophagy in the liver tissue of a DILI model, as well as the reversible effect of hepatoprotective drugs on this event. Conclusions In this study, we developed the first ratiometric dual-responsive fluorescent probe, HFI, for real-time revealing autophagic details. It could image lysosomes with minimal perturbation to their inherent pH, allowing us to track changes in lysosomal viscosity and pH in living cells. Ultimately, HFI has great potential to serve as a useful indicator for autophagic changes in viscosity and pH in complex biological samples and can also be used to assess drug safety.