Centralized Clustering Routing Based on Improved Sine Cosine Algorithm and Energy Balance in WSNs

Xiaoling Guo,Xinghua Sun,Ling Li,Renjie Wu,Meng Liu 한국정보처리학회 2023 Journal of information processing systems Vol.19 No.1

Centralized hierarchical routing protocols are often used to solve the problems of uneven energy consumptionand short network life in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Clustering and cluster head election have becomethe focuses of WSNs. In this paper, an energy balanced clustering routing algorithm optimized by sine cosinealgorithm (SCA) is proposed. Firstly, optimal cluster head number per round is determined according tosurviving node, and the candidate cluster head set is formed by selecting high-energy node. Secondly, a randompopulation with a certain scale is constructed to represent a group of cluster head selection scheme, and fitnessfunction is designed according to inter-cluster distance. Thirdly, the SCA algorithm is improved by usingmonotone decreasing convex function, and then a certain number of iterations are carried out to select a groupof individuals with the minimum fitness function value. From simulation experiments, the process from thefirst death node to 80% only needs about 30 rounds. This improved algorithm balances the energy consumptionamong nodes and avoids premature death of some nodes. And it greatly improves the energy utilization andextends the effective life of the whole network.

Purification and properties of a milk-clotting enzyme produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D4

Xiaoling He,Bozhong Gan,Fazheng Ren,Huiyuan Guo,Weibing Zhang,Xi Song 한국화학공학회 2011 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.28 No.1

The milk-clotting enzyme from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D4 was purified to 17.2-fold with 20% recovery by precipitation in ammonium sulfate and ion-exchange chromatography. The molecular mass of the enzyme was 58.2kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE, and it was proved to be a metalloprotease by EDTA inhibition. The enzyme was active in the pH range 5.5-7.0 and was inactivated completely by heating at 55℃ for 20 min. The highest level of enzyme activity was obtained at 65 ℃, pH 5.5, in the presence of 25mM CaCl_2. The milk-clotting activity was inhibited only slightly by Na^+ and K^+ and significantly by Cu^(2+), Zn^(2+) and Sn^(2+). The Km value of this enzyme was 0.471 mg/mL. The high level of milk-clotting activity coupled with a low level of thermal stability suggested that the milk-clotting enzyme from B. amyloliquefaciens D4 should be considered as a potential substitute for calf rennet.

A Novel MRI Image Segmentation Algorithm based on Modified Neural Network Model

Jie Yang,Xiaoling Guo,Xiao Zhang,Jingjing Yang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.10

With the rapid advancement of the computer assisted medical applications, the MRI image segmentation has been a hottest research topic. In the neural network is used for the image segmentation, we need a lot of training data, because of the large amount of the data, computing speed is quite slow, not suitable for real-time data processing, lead to the low resolution image segmentation, the resolution is not high, this paper proposes a fuzzy image segmentation algorithm of the BP neural network. Fuzzy set theory is used to subtract the characteristics after area of the image segmentation, reduce the dimension of feature vector. We adopt the revised neural network to undertake the experimental simulation compared with the other state-of-the-art approaches. The result proves the effectiveness of our methodology. Our algorithm could segment the regions of interest with the ability of eliminating the out side noise which achieves the better robustness.

Overexpression of the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase gene XCRK enhances Xoc and oxidative stress tolerance in rice

Yuxia Zhang,Xiaoling Guo,Yuchao Cui,Chiming Guo,Liang Chen 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.5

In this paper, we characterized a differentiallyexpressed receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase XCRK, whichconfers resistance to bacterial leaf streak (BLS). We analyzedthe tissue expression of XCRK and showed that XCRK waswidely expressed in multiple rice (Oryza sativa) organs,including internodes, roots, leaves and flowers. In addition,the expression of XCRK was significantly induced by ABA,salt and H2O2 treatments, suggesting its function in thesepathways. The XCRK-overexpressing transgenic seedlingsexhibited higher tolerance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzicola(Xoc) compared with the wild-type seedlings. Furthermore,XCRK-overexpressing seedlings showed stronger antioxidantcapacity with reduced MDA and H2O2 content and higherantioxidant enzyme activities. It has been hypothesized thatthe enhanced Xoc tolerance was attributed to the improvedexpression of resistance-responsive factors positively regulatedby XCRK. In accordance with this, the expression of resistanceand oxidation-related genes Wrky77, Wrky13, PAL1, PR5,Fe-SOD and SodCc2 were up-regulated by the overexpressionof XCRK, which might contribute collectively to the increasedXoc tolerance. Overall, overexpression of XCRK couldenhance the antioxidant capacity and Xoc tolerance in rice.

Fast Sol–Gel Method to Prepare Mesoporous TiO2 with High Photocatalytic Activity

Kui Zhang,Xiangdong Wang,Xiaoling Guo,Jie Dai,Jingyu Xiang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.1

Mesoporous TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via a fast and classical sol–gel method, respectively. Polyacrylamide was used as the template in the fast sol–gel route; the polymerization crosslink by hydrogen bonds between the template and hydrolysates of Ti alkoxides shortens the reaction time from several days to several hours. The X-ray diffraction results testified that only anatase was obtained in the samples, and the crystallite sizes of the samples prepared by fast and classical sol–gel method were 13.6 nm and 20 nm, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy and N2 adsorption–desorption reveal that the nanocrystals have typical mesoporous structure and high surface areas. The pore sizes and surface areas of the samples prepared by fast and classical sol–gel method are 17.3 nm and 28.2 nm, 154.7 m2/g and 102.6 m2/g, respectively. The photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange solution under UV light irradiation suggests that the mesoporous TiO2 photocatalyst prepared by the fast sol–gel method exhibits higher photocatalytic activity than the mesoporous TiO2 prepared via classical sol–gel method.

Integrated mRNA and miRNA profile expression in livers of Jinhua and Landrace pigs

Minjie Huang,Lixing Cheng,Yifei Shen,Jiucheng Chen,Xiaoling Guo,Ningying Xu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.10

Objective: To explore the molecular mechanisms of fat metabolism and deposition in pigs, an experiment was conducted to identify hepatic mRNAs and miRNAs expression and determine the potential interaction of them in two phenotypically extreme pig breeds. Methods: mRNA and miRNA profiling of liver from 70-day Jinhua (JH) and Landrace (LD) pigs were performed using RNA sequencing. Blood samples were taken to detect results of serum biochemistry. Bioinformatics analysis were applied to construct differentially expressed miRNA-mRNA network. Results: Serum total triiodothyronine and total thyroxine were significantly lower in Jinhua pigs, but the content of serum total cholesterol (TCH) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were strikingly higher. A total of 467 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 35 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs) were identified between JH and LD groups. Gene ontology analysis suggested that DEGs were involved in oxidation-reduction, lipid biosynthetic and lipid metabolism process. Interaction network of DEGs and DE miRNAs were constructed, according to target prediction results. Conclusion: We generated transcriptome and miRNAome profiles of liver from JH and LD pig breeds which represent distinguishing phenotypes of growth and metabolism. The potential miRNA-mRNA interaction networks may provide a comprehensive understanding in the mechanism of lipid metabolism. These results serve as a basis for further investigation on biological functions of miRNAs in the porcine liver.

Circular RNA expression profiles in the porcine liver of two distinct phenotype pig breeds

Huang, Minjie,Shen, Yifei,Mao, Haiguang,Chen, Lixing,Chen, Jiucheng,Guo, Xiaoling,Xu, Ningying Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.6

Objective: An experiment was conducted to identify and characterize the circular RNA expression and metabolic characteristics in the liver of Jinhua pigs and Landrace pigs. Methods: Three Jinhua pigs and three Landrace pigs respectively at 70-day were slaughtered to collect the liver tissue samples. Immediately after slaughter, blood samples were taken to detect serum biochemical indicators. Total RNA extracted from liver tissue samples were used to prepare the library and then sequence on HiSeq 2500. Bioinformatic methods were employed to analyze sequence data to identify the circRNAs and predict the potential roles of differentially expressed circRNAs between the two breeds. Results: Significant differences in physiological and biochemical traits were observed between growing Jinhua and Landrace pigs. We identified 84,864 circRNA candidates in two breeds and 366 circRNAs were detected as significantly differentially expressed. Their host genes are involved in lipid biosynthetic and metabolic processes according to the gene ontology analysis and associated with metabolic pathways. Conclusion: Our research represents the first description of circRNA profiles in the porcine liver from two divergent phenotype pigs. The predicted miRNA-circRNA interaction provides important basis for miRNA-circRNA relationships in the porcine liver. These data expand the repertories of porcine circRNA and are conducive to understanding the possible molecular mechanisms involved in miRNA and circRNA. Our study provides basic data for further research of the biological functions of circRNAs in the porcine liver.

The characteristic of the synonymous codon usage and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis B virus

Xiaoming Qi,Chaojun Wei,Yonghong Li,Yu Wu,Hui Xu,Rui Guo,Yanjuan Jia,Zhenhao Li,Zhenhong Wei,Wanxia Wang,Jing Jia,Yuanting Li,Anqi Wang,Xiaoling Gao 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.7

Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a crucial medical issue worldwide. The dependence of HBV replication on host cell machineries and their co-evolutionary interactions prompt the codon usage pattern of viral genes to translation selection and mutation pressure. Objective The evolutionary characteristics of HBV and the natural selection effects of the human genome on the codon usage characteristics were analyzed to provide a basis for medication development for HBV infection. Methods The codon usage pattern of sequences from different HBV genotypes of our isolates and reference HBV genome sequences downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database were analyzed by computing the relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU), nucleotide content, codon adaptation index (CAI) and the effective number of codons (ENC). Results The highest ENC values were observed in the C genotypes, followed by the B genotypes. The ENC values indicated a weak codon usage bias (CUB) in HBV genome. The number of codons differentially used between the three genotypes was markedly higher than that of similarly used codons. High CAI values indicated a good adaptability of HBV to its host. The ENC plot indicated the occurrence of mutational pressure in the three genotypes. The mean Ka/Ks ratios in the three genotypes were lower than 1, which indicated a negative selection pressure. The CAI and GC3% plot indicated the existence of CUB in the HBV genome. Conclusions Nucleotide composition, mutation bias, negative selection and mutational pressure are key factors influencing the CUB and phylogenetic diversity in HBV genotypes. The data provided here could be useful for developing drugs for HBV infection.

Synthesis and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Black Porous Zr-doped TiO2 Monoliths

Jimin Du,Huiming Wang,Huijuan Chen,Menghe Yang,Xiaoling Lu,Hui Guo,Zhanmin Zhang,Tianwei Shang,Shujue Xu,Wenqi Li,Pianpian Wang,Imran Shakir 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.6

Black Porous Zr-doped TiO2 monoliths were successfully synthesized by a combined route including sol–gel method with polystyrene spheres as template followed by calcination at high temperature in the presence of oxygen. As-synthesized samples were then treated in hydrogen atmosphere at 500℃ for 6 h to obtain black Porous Zr-doped TiO2 monoliths. This as-synthesized black porous Zr-doped TiO2 composite showed relatively narrow bandgap compared to the pure anatase phase of TiO2, which may have its origin from the contributions from the Zr impurity and oxygen vacancies. The photocatalytic activity of the black porous Zr-doped TiO2 monolith was examined by carrying out the dye degradation on Rhodamine B under visible irradiation. Our experimental results indicate that black porous 0.9% Zr-doped TiO2 sample exhibits high photocatalytic activity with the photodecomposition of 95.25% under visible irradiation for 120 min.