鎭海地區에 있어서 山地崩壞와 地形의 關係

姜渭平 慶尙大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

1979年 8月 25日 颱風 Judy號의 영향으로 鎭海市는 日降雨量 465㎜의 集中豪雨가 쏟아졌으며 이로 因한 山地崩壞로 38名의 人命死亡을 비롯하여 家屋 農耕地에 莫大한 被害를 주었다. 筆者는 現地를 踏査하여 1/25,000 地形圖에 崩壞地를 Plot하여 地形解析한 結果 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 山地崩壞個數는 71個, 面積合計는 15.3ha였으며 崩壞地의 크기는 0.1∼1.7ha의 범위였다. 2. 崩壞地의 傾斜頻度 分布는 正規分布를 하였으며 傾斜 31도에서 全體崩壞個數의 44%를 차지하였다. 3. 崩壞個數와 方位에 있어서는 南方位에서는 67%였지만 東과 西方間에 있어서는 거의 差가 없었다. 4. 標高에 關해서 崩壞個數는 標高 50m 內外에서28%가 發生하였으나 兩者間에는 一定한 경향이 거의 없다. On Aug. 25. 1979, a heavy rainfall of 460mm poured into Jinhae area by the influence of typhoon Judy. About 15.3 hectars of landslides from 71 different places by the downpour destroyed many houses, a lot of cultivated areas, reads and human lives etc. This study was carried out to investigate the relationships between the causes of landslides and topographycal factors such as altitudes, slop and bearings. For the purpose, the landslides was plotted on topographycal map (scale; 1/25,000) through the several on-the-spot-surveys. The results obtained by a topographycal analysis on the map could be summarized as follows; 1. The total area of the landslides from 71 different places was estimoted to 15.3 hectars, and the sizes of the landslides showed normal distribution and about 44 per cent of total land-slides occurred in the 31 gradient. 2. The inclination angles of the h\landslides showed normal distribution and about 44 per cent of total land-slides occurred in the 31 gradient. 3. About 67 per cent of the total landslides appeared on the south slop, but there were no distinct relationships between landslides and east or west slops. 4. As to altitudes, 28 per cent of the total landslides occurred on alltitudes 50m, but there was no distinct tendency between altitudes and landslides.

1979년 8월 집중호우에 의한 진해지구의 산사태에 관한 연구

강위평 ( Wee Pyung Kang ) 한국산림과학회 1981 한국산림과학회지 Vol.52 No.1

On August 25, 1979 a heavy daily rainfall of 465 ㎜ pured into Jinhae area by the influence of Typhoon Judy. In consequence of the typhoon, 38 persons were killed, houses and arable land were demolished and caused wide ranges of landslides in the area. According to the previous investigation, there had been five cases of such typhoons accompanied a daily precipitation over 300 ㎜ for 27 years, however, there had not occurred any landslides before, even though it is reported that any typhoon accompanied by heavy daily rainfalls over 300 ㎜ is normally known to cause various kinds of landslides. This phonomenon was described to the fact that there has been a qualitative change in the agents of landslides such as precipitation, geology, topography and forest. Thus, in this report, the relations of the agents to the development of landslides were to be analysed and brought forth the following confirmation: 1. In the district, 71 landslides of which area covered 15.3 ha were observed. 2. In terms of geology of the landslided sites. 89 and 11% in numbers were observed in the andesite and the granite respectively, and the areas of those landslide estimated 45 and 55% respectively. 3. In a topographical point of view, 44% of the numbers of landslides (55% in area basis) were occurred within the slopes of 26-35°, while no landslides were observed in either lower (below 9°) or upper (above 41°) slopes. In terms of slope patterns, 39 and 33%, in numbers (52 and 46% on the basis of area) were observed in concave slopes and compound slopes respectively. 4. In terms of forest ages, the most landslides were observed in 5-15 year-old forest, of which averages were 2.19 landslides per 100 ha and 0.47 ha per 100 ha. However, no landslides were observed in the forest of over 26 years old. 5. Among the agents, precipitation, geology, topography are considered not to be controlled but the only agent, the forest, to be controlled by human beings. Thus, this firstly observed landslides at Jinhae District are conclusively considered as the result of qualitative changes of one agent, the forest, in the area.

독나지와 (禿裸地) 지형인자와의 관계

강위평 ( Wee Pyung Kang ) 한국산림과학회 1973 한국산림과학회지 Vol.18 No.1

The article was carried out to study the relationships between the causes of barelands and topographic factors such as altitudes, slopes and bearings. Using the forest utility demarcation maps of 1 : 50,000 in scale and the aerial photographs drawn and taken by the Forest Resources Institute, Seoul, the areas of each bareland and the topographic factors were calculated from the maps and photographs and the critical causes of barelands were analyzed based on the various topographic factors. The results obtained were as follows: 1. There were some positive relation between area of barelands and slopes, and between area of barelands and altitudes. 2. However. there were no significant difference between number of barelands and altitudes, between number of barelands and slopes, between number of barelands and bearings, and between area of barelands and bearings.

독나지와 (禿裸地) 지질인자와의 관계

강위평 ( Wee Pyung Kang ) 한국산림과학회 1974 한국산림과학회지 Vol.22 No.1

In this study, it is aimed to elucidate the relationship between the distribution of barren land in mountainous area and the geological and topographical characteristics of barren land in south Korea. To do this, the Land Use Classification Maps for mountainous areas (scale : 1/50,000), compiled by the Roseources Survey Office of Mountainous and Forest Areas, Geological Maps of Korea (scale : 1/50,000), and Map of Geology of Korea (scale : 1,000,000), compiled by the construction Research Institute of Korea were used. The following conclusions have been obtained from this study. 1) Areas of strata that are most liable to dilapidation are found in such order of the broadest to broad as region of granite, granite-gneiss, and the specific stratum called the Kyongsang Stratum (named after the provinces) of the northern and southern Kyongsang Provinces comprising sandstones, gravelstones, crumblestones, and other stones similar to these species. These rocky hills occupy vast areas in size, so to speak, they are estimated to cover roughly 57% of the total barren and naked areas in the country. 2) The average size in area of barren and nated land, as one piece of land, 32 hectares of granite region, 15 hectares of granite-gneiss region and little less than 13 hectares of Kyongsang strata region were calculated.

구상나무 ( Abies koreana Wilson ) 재의 (材) 화학적 조성

문창국,박종열,강위평 ( Chang Kuck Moon,Chong Yawl Pack,Wee Pyung Kang ) 한국산림과학회 1980 한국산림과학회지 Vol.50 No.1

The Chemical components of Abies koreana Wilson grown in Korea were analized. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. The ash content is ca 0.56% on the average, and of the range is 0.33 to 0.76%. 2. The cold water extractive content is ca 8.76% on the average and of the range is 5.55 to 12.5%. 3. The hot water extractive content is ca 10.16% on the average and of the range is 4.80 to 13.65%. 4. Basic extractive content is ca 14.60% on the average and of the range is 5.51 to 25.44%. 5. The alcohol benzol soluble fraction is ca 4. 23% and of the range is 2.94 to 5.44%. 6. The holocellulose content is ca 76.49% on the average and of the range is 73.68% to 79.10%. 7. The cellulose content is ca 56.30% on the average and of the range is 46.02% to 61. 33%. The cellulose contains 78.54% α-cellulose, 7.66% β-cellulose and 14.04% γ-cellulose respectively. 8. The Klason lignin content is ca 25.03% on the average and of the range is 22.5 to 27.0%. In conclusion, ash content is comparable to the other needle leaf trees. It has 76.49% in holocellulose content which is comparable value to the Pinus densiflora`s. It has lower value than the Pinus densiffora in pentosan and lignin content. Having not resin cannal in xylem and long tracheid, this wood could be usable industrial material.

국내산 무연탄의 순환유동층 연소특성 연구

손재익,선도원,배달희,한근희,지평삼,강용,위영호,이정수 한국화학공학회 1996 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.34 No.3

국내산 무연탄(발열량 : 4,529 ㎉/㎏ 회분 : 38%)의 순환유동층 시험 연소로에서의 연소현상을 고찰하였다. 대상탄은 삼척지역에서 채광된 무연탄으로 평균입경 0.39 ㎜로 분쇄한 후 연소로에 공급하였다. 석탄 공급속도에 따른 온도분포, 과잉공기율 변화에 따른 연소효율, 석회석 투여에 따른 탈황효과, 기타 연소조건이 SO_χ와 CO, NO_χ 발생에 미치는 영향 등을 고착하였다. 연소효율은 과잉공기 15%에서 최대 96%로 나타났으며, 탈황효율은 Ca/S 몰비 2.3에서 92%로 나타났다. CO 배출은 반응기 온도에 따라 최저 210ppm에서 최고 720ppm으로 나타났으며, 석탄 중 질소성분의 NO_χ의 전환은 1차 공기의 비율에 따라 4-10% 범위에서 변화하였다. Combustion characteristics of Korean anthracite with heating value of 4,529㎉/㎏ and ash content of 38% in a. circulating fluidized bed test unit was investigated. Feed coal was received from the mines of Samchuk province and sized to average diameter of 0.39 ㎜. The effect of coal feed rate on temperature profiles, the effect of excess air on combustion efficiency, sorbent effect on desulfurization, and the effect of operating variables on the emission of SO_χ and NO_χ were monitored during opearation. Highest combustion efficiency of 96% was attained at the excess air ratio of l5%. Sulfur retention of 92% was achieved at the Ca/S mole ratio of 2.3. Carbon monoxide emission was varied between 210-720 ppm according to combustor temperature. Conversion of fuel nitrogen to NO_χ varied 4-10% by primary air ratio.