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Preparation and Characterization of Antioxidant Peptides from Fermented Goat Placenta
Yinchen Hou,Jiejing Zhou,Wangwang Liu,Yongxia Cheng,Li Wu,Gong Ming Yang 한국축산식품학회 2014 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.34 No.6
The goat placenta was fermented by Bacillus subtilis and the optimal fermentation parameters of strongest antioxidantcapacity of peptides were obtained using response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of fermentation time, initial pHvalue and glucose content on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity of the goat peptideswere well fitted to a quadric equation with high determination coefficients. According to the data analysis of design expert,the strongest DPPH radical scavenging capacity value was obtained with the following conditions: content of glucose was2.23%, initial pH value was 7.00 and fermentation time was 32.15 h. The DPPH radical scavenging capacity commonlyreferring antioxidant activity showed a concentration dependency and increased with increasing peptide concentration. Theeffects of temperature and pH were assessed to determine the stability of antioxidant peptides prepared from goat placenta. Antioxidant peptides showed good stabilities when temperature was lower than 70oC. However, the antioxidant peptides lostantioxidant activities rapidly under alkaline and excessive acid condition. Ultrafiltration technique was performed to sepa-rate fermentation broth with different Mw (molecular weight). It was found that peptides in the range of < 3 KDa mainlyaccounted for the antioxidant activities.
Preparation and Characterization of Antioxidant Peptides from Fermented Goat Placenta
Hou, Yinchen,Zhou, Jiejing,Liu, Wangwang,Cheng, Yongxia,Wu, Li,Yang, Gongming Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2014 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.34 No.6
The goat placenta was fermented by Bacillus subtilis and the optimal fermentation parameters of strongest antioxidant capacity of peptides were obtained using response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of fermentation time, initial pH value and glucose content on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity of the goat peptides were well fitted to a quadric equation with high determination coefficients. According to the data analysis of design expert, the strongest DPPH radical scavenging capacity value was obtained with the following conditions: content of glucose was 2.23%, initial pH value was 7.00 and fermentation time was 32.15 h. The DPPH radical scavenging capacity commonly referring antioxidant activity showed a concentration dependency and increased with increasing peptide concentration. The effects of temperature and pH were assessed to determine the stability of antioxidant peptides prepared from goat placenta. Antioxidant peptides showed good stabilities when temperature was lower than $70^{\circ}C$. However, the antioxidant peptides lost antioxidant activities rapidly under alkaline and excessive acid condition. Ultrafiltration technique was performed to separate fermentation broth with different Mw (molecular weight). It was found that peptides in the range of < 3 KDa mainly accounted for the antioxidant activities.
Jinquan Zhang,Bing Han,Hui-bing Xie,Wu Tong Yan,Wangwang Li,Jiaping Yu 국제구조공학회 2021 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.39 No.4
Shear lag effect was a significant mechanical behavior of steel-concrete composite beams, and the effective flange width was needed to consider this effect. However, the effective flange width is mostly determined by static load test. The cyclic vehicle loading cases, which is more practical, was not well considered. This paper focuses on the study of shear lag effect of the concrete slab in the negative moment region under fatigue cyclic load. Two specimens of two-span steel-concrete composite beams were tested under fatigue load and static load respectively to compare the differences in the negative moment region. The reinforcement strain in the negative moment region was measured and the stress was also analyzed under different loads. Based on the OpenSees framework, finite element analysis model of steel-concrete composite beam is established, which is used to simulate transverse reinforcement stress distribution as well as the variation trends under fatigue cycles. With the established model, effects of fatigue stress amplitude, flange width to span ratio, concrete slab thickness and shear connector stiffness on the shear lag effect of concrete slab in negative moment area are analyzed, and the effective flange width ratio of concrete slab under different working conditions is calculated. The simulated results of effective flange width are compared with calculated results of the commonly used specifications, and it is found that the methods in the specifications can better estimate the shear lag effect in concrete slab under static load, but the effective flange width in the negative moment zone under fatigue load has a large deviation.