Nutritional and Hormonal Induction of Fatty Liver Syndrome and Effects of Dietary Lipotropic Factors in Egg-type Male Chicks

Choi, Y.I.,Ahn, H.J.,Lee, B.K.,Oh, S.T.,An, B.K.,Kang, C.W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.8

This experiment was conducted with male chicks to investigate the influence of hormones and nutrients on the development of fatty liver syndrome (FLS) as well as the effects of dietary lipotropic factors on hepatic fat accumulation and lipogenic enzyme gene expression. A total of two-hundred sixteen 4-wk-old Hy-Line male chicks were divided into six groups and fed an experimental diet (T1, low-energy diet with low levels of lipotropic factors; T2, high-energy diet with low levels of lipotropic factors; T3 and T5, low-energy diet with high levels of lipotropic factors; T4 and T6, high-energy diet with high levels of lipotropic factors) for six weeks. The chicks in T5 and T6 groups were treated with intramuscular injections of estradiol benzoate for three days prior to biopsy and clinical analysis of FLS. Chicks treated with estrogen had significantly greater liver weights than untreated chicks. The abdominal fat contents were increased in chicks consuming high-energy diets as compared to those consuming low-energy diets. Treatment with estrogen significantly increased the concentrations of serum cholesterol, triacylglycerol and phospholipid (p<0.05). The hepatic triacylglycerol levels were tenfold higher in the estrogen treated chicks than in the untreated chicks. There were no significant differences in malondialdehyde levels between the treatment groups. Estrogen treatment dramatically increased the levels of fatty acid synthetase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and ApoB mRNA. The results indicated that treatment with exogenous estrogen in growing male chicks induced hepatic fat accumulation, which might be partially due to increased lipogenic enzyme gene expression.

Telomere length in alcohol dependence: A role for impulsive choice and childhood maltreatment

Kang, J.I.,Hwang, S.S.,Choi, J.R.,Lee, S.T.,Kim, J.,Hwang, I.S.,Kim, H.W.,Kim, C.H.,Kim, S.J. Pergamon Press 2017 Psychoneuroendocrinology Vol.83 No.-

Telomere shortening, a marker of cellular aging, has been considered to be linked with psychosocial stress as well as with chronic alcohol consumption, possibly mediated by oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Recent findings suggested that early life adversity on telomere dynamics may be related to impulsive choice. To further our understanding of the association of impulsive choice and childhood trauma on telomere length, we examined whether delayed discounting and childhood trauma or their interaction is related to leukocyte telomere length, while controlling for multiple potential confounding variables, in patients with alcohol dependence who are considered to have higher impulsive choice and shorter telomere length. We recruited 253 male patients with chronic alcohol dependence. All participants performed the delay discounting task, and the area under curve was used as a measure of delay discounting. Steeper delay discounting represents more impulsive choices. The modified Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale was used to measure childhood maltreatment. In addition, confounding factors, including socio-demographic characteristics, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, the Resilience Quotient, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory, were also assessed. Hierarchical regression analyses showed a significant main effect of delay discounting (β=0.161, t=2.640, p=0.009), and an interaction effect between delay discounting and childhood maltreatment on leukocyte telomere length (β=0.173, t=2.138, p=0.034). In subsequent analyses stratified by childhood maltreatment, patients with alcohol dependence and high childhood trauma showed a significant relationship between delay discounting and leukocyte telomere length (β=0.279, t=3.183, p=0.002), while those with low trauma showed no association between them. Our findings suggest that higher impulsive choice is associated with shorter telomere length, and childhood trauma may exert a moderating effect in the relationship between impulsive choice and telomere length.

Synthesis and Properties of Nanohybrid Materials with SiO₂ and Epoxy Resin

Kang, Y.T.,Kang, D.P.,Kang, D.J.,Chung, I.D. American Scientific Publishers 2014 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.14 No.5

SiO2-epoxy nanohybrid materials were synthesized by hybridization of surface-modified colloidal silica nanoparticle (CS) and epoxy resin. The CS was surface-modified with either methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) or phenyltrimethoxysilane (PTMS) followed by the solvent exchange with dimethylacetamide (DMAc) to have a homogenous dispersion in epoxy resin. Various amounts of surface-modified CS were mixed with epoxy resin. The chemical structures of surface-modified CS were investigated with FT-IR spectroscopy. The particle sizes of CS and surface-modified CS were measured with DLS. The morphology of hybrid materials analyzed using FE-SEM and AFM showed homogeneous dispersion in epoxy resin. The optical and thermal properties of the hybrid materials determined by refractive index meter and DSC were lower in Rl and higher in T-g than neat epoxy resin, respectively.

Three-year follow-up of children with abnormal newborn screening results for congenital hypothyroidism

Kang, M.J.,Chung, H.R.,Oh, Y.J.,Shim, Y.S.,Yang, S.,Hwang, I.T. Elsevier 2017 Pediatrics and neonatology Vol.58 No.5

Background: To analyze predictive factors suggesting transient congenital hypothyroidism (TCH) compared to permanent congenital hypothyroidism (PCH) or transient thyroid function test (TFT) abnormalities among children who had positive screening results at our centers over the past decade. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 105 subjects who presented elevated TSH levels on a newborn screening test (NST) was done. TCH was defined when a trial-off therapy was successful, and PCH was defined when a trial failed or when the subject was kept on medication beyond 3 years of age. A transient TFT abnormality was defined when follow-up TFTs were normalized without levothyroxine (LT4) therapy. Results: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) was diagnosed in 75.2% (TCH 35.2% and PCH 40.0%) of all subjects; the others (24.8%) showed transient TFT abnormalities. Initial NST-TSH levels (optimal cutoff point, 31.0 μIU/mL), the LT4 dose at 2 years of age (4.1 μg/kg/day), and the maximal LT4 dose (50 μg/day) merged as significant predictive factors discriminating between TCH and PCH. The initial serum level of free T4 (1.06 ng/dL) and not TSH (27.2 μIU/mL) was the only discriminating factor between transient TFT abnormalities and TCH. Conclusion: Earlier re-evaluation might be possible when a patient's initial NST-TSH levels and maximal or 2-year LT4 doses are low, as both are important predictors of successful trial-off therapy in CH patients. When the initial serum level of free T4 is above the average value in neonates with mildly elevated TSH levels, TFTs may be more likely to normalize on their own.

EFFECTS OF TRIPHENYLTIN CHLORIDE (TPTCL) ON DEVELOPMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS AND LEYDIG CELL T-PRODUCTION IN MALE RATS

Kang, I. H.,Moon, H. J.,Kim, T. S.,Shin, J. H.,Ki, H. Y.,Kim, Y. S.,Dong, M. S.,Han, S. Y.,Kang, T. S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2005 International journal of andrology Vol.28 No.suppl1

Sub Bandgap Photonic Base Current Method for Characterization of

H. T. Shin,K. H. Kim,D. J. Kim,D. M. Kim,D. W. Kang,H. S. Park,H. T. Kim,I. C. Nam,J. B. Choi,J. U. Lee,K. S. Min,K. S. Kim,S. W. Kim,T. E. Kim 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.44 No.6

In this paper, we propose a novel photonic base current analysis method to characterize the interface states in heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) by using the photonic I-V characteristics under sub-bandgap photonic excitation. For the photonic current-voltage characterization of HBTs, an optical source with a photon energy less than the bandgap energy of Al0:3Ga0:7As and GaAs (Eph = 0.95 eV < Eg;AlGaAs = 1.79 eV & Eg;GaAs = 1.45 eV) is employed for the characterization of the interface states distributed in the photo-responsive energy band (EC - 0.95 Eit EC) in emitter-base heterojunction at HBTs. The proposed novel method, which is applied to bipolar junction transistors for the rst time, is simple, and an accurate analysis of interface traps in HBTs is possible. By using the photonic base-current and the dark-base-current, we qualitatively analyze the interface trap at the Al0:3Ga0:7As/GaAs heterojunction interface in HBTs.

황-요오드의 열화학적 물분리에 의한 수소제조연구 Part I . 물-이산화황-요오드 반응 및 분리

이강일(K . I . Lee),민병태(B . T . Min),권선길(S . G . Kwon),강영호(Y . H . Kang) 한국수소및신에너지학회 1989 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.1 No.1

The sulfur-iodine thermochemical water splitting process of GA(General atomic) cycle was studied to produce hydrogen from water by H₂-I₂-SO₂ reactions. The experimental scale was 500g based on iodine. The reaction took 100 minutes, products could be separated two liquid phases due to their density difference:HI solution had a density of 2.39-2.61g/cc, and H₂SO₄ solution had 1.37-1.38g/cc. The condition of reaction was when weight ratio of I₂/H₂O was 2/1 resulting in good phase separation and productivity.

Conjugated Linoleic Acid(CLA) 급여가 난황의 콜레스테롤과 CLA 함량에 미치는 효과

이정일,박구부,박태선,김진형,신택순,강석중,하영래,주선태 한국축산학회 1999 한국축산학회지 Vol.41 No.1

The effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the concentration of cholesterol and CLA in egg yolk were investigated. CLA was synthesized according to the method of Alkali isomerization using safflower oil. A total of 250 hens (200 days age) were fed a control diet (a commercial laying hen feed) or CLA-supplemented diets (T1 ; 1% CLA and 4% safflower oil, T2; 2.5% CLA and 2.5% safflower oil, T3; 5% CLA, and T4; 5% safflower oil) for 6 weeks. Eggs were collected for analysis of CLA, cholesterol and fatty acid levels in the yolk. CLA concentration in egg yolk was increased by level of dietary CLA or dwation of feed. The yolk CLA concentration of T3 rapidly increased for 2 weeks, and maintained there after. On the other hand, the concentration of T4 was not significantly different from that of control during the feeding period. These results implied that CLA could not be synthesized by hen and it was necessary to supplement the diet with CLA for CLA accumulation in egg yolk. The level of CLA in egg yolk depended on the amount of CLA supplemented, and over-supplementation of CLA was not necessary. As the yolk CLA increased, the levels of cholesterol, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid decreased but that of palmitic acid increased. It was suggested that a lowcholesterol egg might be produced with over 1% CLA-supplemented diet. The concentration of CLA in egg yolk was unchanged during 28 days storage at 4℃. However, the level of cholesterol decreased during the storage.

A high efficient combined multi-effect evaporation-absorption heat pump and vapor-compression refrigeration part 1: Energy and economic modeling and analysis

Janghorban Esfahani, I.,Kang, Y.T.,Yoo, C. Pergamon Press 2014 ENERGY Vol.75 No.-

A novel combined system that combines a MEE-ABHP (multi-effect evaporation-absorption heat pump) with a VCR (vapor-compression refrigeration) cycle is proposed to simultaneously generate cooling and fresh water. In the combined system, the condenser of the VCR system is replaced by the MEE-ABHP system, where a portion of the fresh water produced in the last effect of the MEE (multi-effect evaporation) system is used as the refrigerant for the VCR system. In Part 1 of this two-part paper, model-based energy and cost analysis is developed to quantify and qualify the performance of the combined system. Parametric analysis is carried out to investigate the effects of absorber pressure (P<SUB>A</SUB>), temperature difference between effects of the MEE subsystem (ΔT<SUB>MEE</SUB>), temperature of the strong solution from absorber (T<SUB>1</SUB>), and temperature of the weak solution from generator (T<SUB>4</SUB>) on the performance of the system. In Part 2, thermo-economic and exergy analysis is conducted to evaluate the flexibility of the system for fuel allocation from different available power and heat energy sources. The results of Part 1 showed that the combined system can save 57.12%, 5.61%, and 25.6% in electric power, heat energy, and total annual cost compared to the stand-alone VCR and MEE-ABHP systems, respectively.

HOXB13 downregulates intracellular zinc and increases NF-κB signaling to promote prostate cancer metastasis

Kim, Y-R,Kim, I-J,Kang, T W,Choi, C,Kim, K K,Kim, M S,Nam, K I,Jung, C Macmillan Publishers Limited 2014 Oncogene Vol.33 No.37

Characteristically, prostate cancer (PCa) cells exhibit marked decrease in intracellular zinc; however, the mechanism responsible is not clearly understood. HOXB13 is involved in PCa progression and is overexpressed in castration-resistant PCa. DNA microarray analysis of LNCaP Pca cells showed that ZnT zinc output transporters were strikingly upregulated among androgen-independent HOXB13 target genes. Furthermore, exogenous HOXB13 caused intracellular zinc concentrations to fall in PCa cells, stimulated NF-κB-mediated signaling by reducing inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκBα) and enhanced the nuclear translocation of RelA/p65. Human prostate tumors also exhibited strong inverse correlation between the protein expressions of HOXB13 and IκBα. Consequently, HOXB13 stimulated PCa cell invasion, and this was inhibited by the suppression of ZnT4. In addition, studies in a PC3 orthotopic mouse model of PCa metastasis showed that HOXB13 is a strong metastatic stimulator. Taken together, these results show that HOXB13 promotes PCa invasion and metastasis by decreasing intracellular zinc levels, thus stimulating NF-κB signals, and suggest that HOXB13 acts as a modulator of intracellular zinc levels that promotes the malignant characteristics of PCa.