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Wild host plants of four spider mite species (Acari: Tetranychidae) infesting fruit crops in Okinawa
S. Ohno,A. Miyagi,T. Gotoh,T. Ganaha-Kikumura,K. Shiromoto,K. Kijima,T. Ooishi 한국응용곤충학회 2011 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.14 No.3
To determine the wild host plants of four major spider mite species infesting fruit crops grown in the subtropical Asian region, we collected and identified mites from non-crop plants throughout the islands of Okinawa, southwestern Japan. Although the two mango pests, Oligonychus coffeae and O. biharensis, are polyphagous, they did not share any wild host species in the field, indicating that their source plants are completely separate in Okinawa. Several major wild hosts were determined for Eutetranychus africanus, a pest of papaya and citrus. Its host range partially overlapped with that of O. biharensis. The citrus red mite,Panonychus citri, was very rare on non-crop plants in Okinawa, suggesting that it maintains its population mainly on the citrus trees in the area. These results are of great significance when considering vegetation control as part of the integrated management of these pest mites. During our survey, two non-pest species,Panonychus caglei (new to Japan) and Oligonychus gotohi (new to Okinawa), were also found.
Short-term Response of Vegetation to Cattle Grazing in an Abandoned Orchard in Southwestern Japan
Hayashi, K.,Ikeda, K.,Ueda, A.,Fumita, T.,Etoh, T.,Gotoh, T. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.4
An abandoned mandarin orange orchard in southwestern Japan was set-stocked by Japanese Black cows at two stocking rates (1.0 and 2.0 animals/ha), and vegetation dynamics and diet selection by cattle were monitored for two years, in an effort to obtain information on effective use of abandoned agricultural fields for low-cost animal production and environmental conservation. Two dominant species at the commencement of grazing, kudzu (Pueraria lobata Ohwi) and tall goldenrod (Solidago altissima L.), showed different responses to grazing during the two years; the composition of kudzu decreased, contrasting with that of tall goldenrod which increased at both stocking rates. This was caused by high preference for kudzu and avoidance or low preference for tall goldenrod by cattle. Retrogression of vegetation due to cattle disturbances occurred at both stocking rates, with the high stocking rate leading to a lower degree of succession than the low stocking rate. It was shown that cattle grazing, particularly at a high stocking rate, was effective in the management of vegetation of an abandoned orchard.