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Hwang, Sun-Tae,Kim, Soohyun,Cheun, Hyeunseok,Lee, Hyun,Lee, Byungho,Hwang, Taehyun,Lee, Sangheon,Yoon, Wonki,Lee, Heon-Min,Park, Byungwoo Elsevier 2016 Solar energy materials and solar cells Vol.155 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Both an Al<SUB>0.3</SUB>Ga<SUB>0.7</SUB>As heterojunction in the <I>p</I>-type emitter and a bandgap-graded layer in the <I>n</I>-type light absorbing base were employed in the GaAs-based solar cells. The simulation by AFORS-HET (Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin) confirmed that the Al<SUB>0.3</SUB>Ga<SUB>0.7</SUB>As heterojunction enhanced the open-circuit voltage (<I>V</I> <SUB> <I>oc</I> </SUB>) by ~2%, and the <I>n</I>-type bandgap grading increased the fill factor by ~1%, respectively. The increased power conversion efficiency by ~3% supported the simulation results. An additional efficiency gain was obtained by the shape optimization of the band bending in the 80-nm compositional profile, increasing <I>V</I> <SUB> <I>oc</I> </SUB> up to 1.103V. The cell with the anti-reflective coating exhibited high performance with a power conversion efficiency of 28.7% under 1sun illumination, close to the world record of 28.8%.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Al<SUB>0.3</SUB>Ga<SUB>0.7</SUB>As heterojunction in the <I>p</I>-type emitter improved the <I>V</I> <SUB> <I>oc</I> </SUB> of the GaAs solar cells. </LI> <LI> Bandgap-graded layer in the <I>n</I>-type base increased the <I>FF</I> and the conversion efficiency. </LI> <LI> Thickness and shape optimization of bandgap-graded layer further enhanced the efficiency. </LI> <LI> 28.7% conversion efficiency at 1sun illumination was achieved, close to the world record. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
l-디프레닐 투여 후 흰쥐 뇨중 메스암페타민 및 암페타민의 거울상이성질체의 가스크로마토그라피에 의한 분석
김은미(Eun Mi Kim),김선춘(Sun Cheun Kim),정희선(Hee Sun Chung),유영찬(Young Chan Yoo) 대한약학회 1997 약학회지 Vol.41 No.6
Recently, l-deprenyl (selegiline), a relative new antiparkinson`s drug, has been marketed in Korea. As its metabolites, l-methamphetamine and l-amphetamine, are the enantiomers of illicit drugs,d-methamphetamine and d-amphetamine, a method for analysis of enantiomers of methamphetamine and amphetamine in rat urine was investigated. The optical isomers of methamphetamine and amphetamine were analyzed with the chiral derivatizing reagent (S)-(-)-N-(trifluoroacetyl)-prolyl chloride (l-TFP), which was used to form the diastereomers of methamphetamine and amphetamine. And all diastereomers (l-TFP -l-AM, lTFP-d-AM, l-TFP-l-MA & l-TFP-d-MA) were well resolved by capillary gas chromatography. After administration of 10mg/kg l-deprenyl to rat, l-methamphetamine and l-amphetamine were detected without autoracemization to the d form in all urine samples collected during 24hrs, and the ratios of l-amphetamine/l-methamphetamine were 1.1~3.3. l-Amphetamine was detected in only 3 out of 8 urine samples collected during 24~48hrs where as no l-methamphetamine was detected in all cases.
윤남식(Nam Sik Yun),김종선(Chong Sun Kim),김숙자(Yang Ja Hong),홍양자(Sook Ja Kim),김경숙(Kyung Sook Kim),이경옥(Kyung Ok Lee),함정혜(Chung Hae Hahm),전선혜(Sun Hea Cheun) 한국사회체육학회 1994 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.2 No.-
The purpose of this research was bring to be communities on field research to activate and being progress to "sport for all program." For the research 6 major cities-Seoul, Inchon, Deagu, Pusan, and Kyangju-and 19 minor cities have been selected. The survey questionnaire developed by the investigtors was mailed to the administrative persons of the City Hall and Local Hall before one week aheard the actural survey. The contents of this research has been divided into three major fields; 1. administration and planning, 2. menagements 3. evaluation. The research show the actual conditions of the local communities` sports for all is still limited. The results of this research are as following; 1. For improvement and progress of for all, the organization should have human power by stationing of sport 2. Currently the total government spending alloctates for soprts for all is approximate 2% but it needs to be increase to be effective. 3. Adimistration of long range plan of various fields is necessary. 4. Rather than to build new facilities, the current facilities needs to be revamped to meet the necessary functions. 5. Presently the possessor of liscences are not fully accounted for, thus there needs a was to account for them I hus tobe useful for sports for all programs. 6. Program should be diverse and complete to give the participants various selections. 7. Club of sports for all sould be formed not limited only to adult memberships. 8. Advertisement and continued education is necessary to bring about the understanding of sports for all. 9. Evaluation is necessary to assessment methodology and contents. Evalustion is to be able to be used as a feedback for future evaluation of sports.
우리나라에서 불법 유통되는 메스암페타민의 불순물 프로화일 분석
유영찬(Young Chan Yoo),정희선(Hee Sun Chung),김은미(Eun Mi Kim),김선춘(Sun Cheun Kim),김승환(Seung Whan Kim) 대한약학회 1998 약학회지 Vol.42 No.6
Impurity profiling analysis of methamphetamine seized in Korea was investigated for the evidential and intelligent purpose. Samples were extracted with ethylacetate which contains internal standard of dioctylsebacate under basic condition and extracts were analyzed by GC-FID. Ephedrine, chloroephedrine & 1,2-dimethyl-3-phenylaziridine were identified impurities in illicit methamphetamine by GC-MS. These impurities revealed that most of abused methamphetamine in Korea were synthesized from ephedrine as a starting material. For the classification of samples. firstly, 24 impurity peaks were selected after inspection of every peak in 50 samples as the specific markers of impurities. Secondly, corresponding peak retention time and area ratio to the internal standard were calculated and database was created with values of 24 peaks by in-house program. Finally, cluster analysis was attempted with the resultant profiles using the STAR plot, which was based on the Euclidian distance for evaluating similarity among samples. A total of 76 samples were divided into 8 different groups within 90% statistical similarity and inter-batch samples showed similar impurity patterns by this procedure. In conclusion, the analysis of impurities is a suitable index for estimation the common or different origin of methamphetamine sample.