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Effect of Mycorrhizal Treatment on Growth of Acacia spp. On Sandy BRIS Soils in Peninsular Malaysia
Lee, Su See,Mansor, Patahayah,Koter, Rosdi,Lee, Don Koo Korean Society of Forest Science 2006 한국산림과학회지 Vol.95 No.5
Marginal soils such as BRlS (Beach Ridges Interspersed with Swales) soils and ex-tin mining land make up approximately 0.5 million ha or about 2% of Malaysia's land area. In the coastal areas of the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia impoverished sandy BRIS dominates the landscape with most lying idle as there is no national management plan for their utilization. A field study was carried out to see whether mycorrhizal application had any effect on the growth of three exotic Acacia spp., i.e. Acacia auriculiformis, A. mangium and Acacia hybrid (A. auriculiformis ${\times}$ A. mangium) on BRIS soils. Two types of mycorrhizal inoculum, namely, a commercially available arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum marketed as $MycoGold^{TM}$ and an indigenous ectomycorrhizal Tomentella sp. inoculum were tested. In the initial six months, height growth of all three tree species inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum was significantly improved compared to the ectomycorrhizal inoculated and uninoculated control plants. The mycorrhizal effect was not evident thereafter and repeated application of the arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum may be necessary for continued growth enhancement. Of the three species, A. mangium had the highest relative height growth rate over the 24 months on BRlS soils.
A Study of the Bituminous Coal Oxidation Factor in Large Scale Boilers for Estimating GHG Emissions
Lee, See-Hyung,Kim, Jin-Su,Lee, Jeong-Woo,Lee, Seung-Hee,Lee, Seong-Ho,Jeon, Eui-Chan Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 2011 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.5 No.3
Korea-specific GHG emissions should be estimated correctly in order to ensure effective measurement of climate change variables. The use of country-specific data that reflects fuel and technology characteristics is needed for accurate GHG emissions estimation. Oxidation factors are used to convert existing data into equivalent GHG emissions, and changes in these oxidation factors are directly related to changes in emissions. As such, the oxidation factor is one of the most important variables in using country-specific data to determine GHG emissions. In this study, the oxidation factor of bituminous coal in large scale boilers was estimated using 4,527 data points sampled from eight large-scale boilers that had been using bituminous coal for two years. The average oxidation factor was determined to be 0.997, which is lower than the oxidation factor of 1 that is recommended by the IPCC G/L for large scale boilers when estimating national GHG emissions. However, an oxidation factor less than 1 is assumed for fluidized bed boilers, internal combustion engines, and other small-scale boilers. Accordingly, studies on oxidation factor estimation should be continued to allow for accurate estimation of GHG emissions.
Effect of Mycorrhizal Treeatment on Growth of Acacia spp. On Sandy BRIS Soils in Peninsular Malaysia
Su See Lee,Patahayah Mansor,Rosdi Koter,이돈구 한국산림과학회 2006 한국산림과학회지 Vol.95 No.5
Marginal soils such as BRIS (Beach Ridges Interspersed with Swales) soils and ex-tin miningland make up approximately 0.5 milion ha or about 2% of Malaysia’s land area. In the coastal areas ofthe east coast of Peninsular Malaysia impoverished sandy BRIS dominates the landscape with most lyingidle as there is no national management plan for their utilization. A field study was carried out to seewhether mycorrhizal application had any effect on the growth of three exotic Acacia spp., i.e. Acaciaauriculiformis, A. mangium and Acacia hybrid (A. auriculiformis
Jeon, Tae-Yeol,Kim, Sang Kyung,Pinna, Nicola,Sharma, Aditya,Park, Jucheol,Lee, Su Yong,Lee, Hae Cheol,Kang, Seen-Woong,Lee, Han-Koo,Lee, Hyun Hwi American Chemical Society 2016 Chemistry of materials Vol.28 No.6
<P>We report new insights in dissolution mechanisms of nickel in PtNi bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) to develop active and durable oxygen reduction catalysts for fuel cells. Leaching out nickel by using acidic aqueous solution has been regarded as one of the most efficient chemical treatments to obtain a platinum-rich surface, which has shown both increased activity and stability during oxygen reduction reaction. In this work, we introduce a new approach using hydroquinone dissolved in ethanol to leach out nickel from PtNi NPs. The degree of alloying level is followed by X-ray photoelectron and absorption spectroscopies. Electrochemical measurements including potential cycling under oxygen reduction conditions allow us to investigate the dissolution behavior of nickel, depending on the chemical systems, and assess the relationship with electrochemical activity and stability. From comparative studies regarding the traditional acid treatment and the hydroquinone method introduced in this article, it is revealed that, while acid treatment preferentially removes oxidized Ni clusters, hydroquinone dissolves Ni atoms close to surface platinum. Electrochemical measurements help with the understanding of the different leaching mechanisms and highlight the influence of alloyed nickel on the activity of platinum and durability of the catalyst in the oxygen reduction reaction.</P>
Catalytic pyrolysis of oilsand bitumen over nanoporous catalysts.
Lee, See-Hoon,Heo, Hyeon Su,Jeong, Kwang-Eun,Yim, Jin-Heong,Jeon, Jong-Ki,Jung, Kyeong Youl,Ko, Young Soo,Kim, Seung-Soo,Park, Young-Kwon American Scientific Publishers 2011 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.11 No.1
<P>The catalytic cracking of oilsand bitumen was performed over nanoporous materials at atmospheric conditions. The yield of gas increased with application of nanoporous catalysts, with the catalytic conversion to gas highest for Meso-MFI. The cracking activity seemed to correlate with pore size rather than weak acidity or surface area.</P>
이산화탄소 수송을 위한 압축 및 액화 공정 설계 및 비용 평가
양시엽 ( See Yub Yang ),이웅 ( Ung Lee ),임영섭 ( Young Sub Lim ),정영수 ( Yeong Su Jeong ),김정남 ( Jeong Nam Kim ),이차섭 ( Chi Seob Lee ),한종훈 ( Chong Hun Han ) 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.50 No.6
이산화탄소 포집 및 저장 기술 중에서 수송 단계를 위한 전처리 과정인 초임계 압축 및 액화 공정에 대해서 압축 방 법에 따른 에너지와 그 때의 비용의 평가가 이루어졌다. 이산화탄소를 초임계상까지 직접 압축하는 경우(공정 1-1), 액 화 후 펌프로 초임계상을 만드는 경우(공정 1-2), 이산화탄소의 가압 팽창으로 액화하는 경우(공정 2), 다른 냉매를 사 용하면서 그 냉매를 가압, 팽창으로 얻는 경우(공정 3-1), 냉매를 흡수 냉각법으로 얻는 경우(공정 3-2), 캐스케이드 방법을 사용한 경우(공정 4)에 대해서 각각 공정 모사되었으며 그 때의 비용이 평가되었다. 비용은 $4~7/ton으로 추정된다. Energy and cost analysis of the preprocessing for carbon capture and storage transportation such as supercritical compression and liquefaction is done using chemical simulation model. Direct compression to supercritical phase (process 1-1), liquefaction and pumping (process 1-2), carbon dioxide compression and expansion as a refrigerant itself (process 2), usage of other refrigerant with compression and expansion (process 3-1), with absorption chiller (process 3-2), cascade refrigeration (process 3-2) have been simulated and evaluated. The specific cost is about 4 to 7 $/ton.
Useful Lifetime Prediction of Rubber Components Using Accelerated Testing
Chang Su Woo,Sung Seen Choi,Seong Beom Lee,Hyun Sub Kim IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on reliability Vol.59 No.1
<P>Rubber material properties, and useful lifetime prediction and evaluation are very important in the design procedure to assure the safety and reliability of rubber components. We have been interested for many years in predicting the lifetimes of rubber materials in oxygen-containing environments using a combination of accelerated aging tests and extrapolation models. In this paper, we investigate the heat aging effects on the material properties, and useful lifetime prediction of ethylene-propylene diene M-class rubber (EPDM), and acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) for refrigerator components. The experimental results sssay that the crosslink density changes are varied with compositions of rubber vulcanization, and characteristics of heat aging behaviors of rubber vulcanizates are described well using the activation energy change with aging time. The stress and strain curves were obtained from the results of the simple tension test for specimens. To predict the useful lifetime of EPDM, and NBR, the mechanical property changes were determined under accelerated aging conditions. Rubber was aged at temperatures ranging from 50°C to 100°C for times ranging from 1 to 180 days. We present a general approach for more confidently correlating accelerated aging results with aging under service conditions using the Arrhenius methodology. By using the compression set test, several useful lifetime prediction equations for rubber material are proposed.</P>