Is Western Corporate Culture Global? : The Case of Indian Companies

Song,Yeong Wha,Lee,Myung Kook,Ryu,Wan Ha 한국소비문화학회 2002 소비문화연구 Vol.5 No.3

Slide Session : OS-IFD-07 ; Infectious Disease : In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

( Myung Jin Lee ),( Kye Hyung Kim ),( Jong Youn Yi ),( Su Jin Choi ),( Chung Jong Kim ),( Nak Hyun Kim ),( Kyoung Ho Song ),( Pyoeng Gyun Choi ),( Ji Hwan Bang ),( Wan Beom Park ),( Eu Suk Kim ),( San 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Myung Jin LEE1, Kye-Hyung KIM1, Jongyoun YI2, SuJin CHOI1, Chung-Jong KIM1, Nak- Hyun KIM1, Kyoung-Ho SONG1, Pyoeng Gyun CHOI1, Ji-Hwan BANG1, Wan Beom PARK1, Eu Suk KIM1, Sang-Won PARK1, Hong Bin KIM1, Nam Joong KIM1, Myoung- Don OH1 Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea1, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Korea2 Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel Bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). No effective antiviral therapy is proven yet, but clinical use of ribavirin (RBV) has been tried. We investigated the antiviral effect of RBV against SFTSV in vitro. Methods: To test for cytotoxicity of RBV, Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of RBV (3.90 to 500 μg/mL, two-fold dilution) and analyzed by cell viability MTS assay 48h post-infection. To determine antiviral activity of RBV against SFTSV, Vero cells were infected with SFTSV strain Gangwon/Korea/2012 at 100 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) per well in a 96-well plate, and RBV was added at the concentrations showing no or minimal cytotoxicity. Viral RNAs were extracted from the culture supernatants and quantifi ed using one-step real-time reverse transcription- PCR to amplify the partial large segment of SFTSV. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA with Tukey`s post hoc test. Results: Cytotoxicity due to RBV was not observed at RBV concentration =31.3 μg/ mL. Viral RNAs at 24h post-RBV treatment were reduced with increasing RBV concentrations (1-32 μg/mL), compared with those of mock-treated cells (P <0.01, Figure). Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of RBV was 3.69 μg/mL at 24h post-RBV treatment. Conclusions: Our study shows that RBV has antiviral effect against SFTSV in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies are required to evaluate the effi cacy of RBV in SFTS.

분만손상에 의한 외상성 총배설강의 경회음부 복원술

윤완회,송인상 대한대장항문학회 1996 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.12 No.1

遺傳관련 槪念에 대한 心理的 位階와 그에 따른 敎授效果

宋昌敏,鄭玩鎬 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1996 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.6 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate the presence of gender differences in the psychological hierarchy structure of the genentics-related concepts in the high school science I (Biology) and to define the effective teaching order by comparing the teaching effects of the psychological hierarchy order with those of teaching order of the current text. To study this purpose, six principal concepts(gene, chromosome, mitosis, meiosis, genetic principles, human genetics) were extracted from the tasks analysis. To evaluate the degree of concept achievement, a 24-item concept evaluation instrument was developed. The test items that were developed by each of the concepts based on 12 prototype tasks developed by Frayer(1969) for testing the levels of concept mastery. To analyze the psychological hierarchy, developed test items were applied to 2 classes in the 3th year course in boy' high school and girl' high school each. Ordering theory that was developed by Airasian and Bart was used to analyze high school students' psychological hierarchy. To identify effects of the psychological hierarchy, samples of 83 students of 2 classes in the 2nd year course high school were selected and psychological hierarchy order was implemented to the classrooms for four-months. Nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used in this study as an experimental design. Experimental group applied psychological hierarchy order and control group applied concept order descripted in the current text. The major results of this study are as following: 1. The presence of gender differences in the psychological hierarchy structure is not appear. The psychological hierarchy structure of sex is: gene→genetic principles→chromosome→mitosis→human genetics→meiosis order. On the other hand, concept order descriped in the current texts is: mitosis→chromosome→meiosis→genetic principles→gene→human genetics order. 2. The concept test means score that experimental group applied psychological hierarchy order was significantly higher(p<.05) than the control group in the concept achievement.

Helicobacter pylori의 생육과 각종 유기산의 식품 보존료로서의 효과

송재철,조은경,박현정,신완철,최석영 울산대학교 2002 생활과학논문집 Vol.3 No.2

Helicobacter pylori의 생육과 각종 유기산의 식품보존료로서의 효과를 검토하였다. 우선 보존료로 현재 식품첨가물로 사용되고 있는 소르빈산(sorbic acid), 프로피온산(propionic), 안식향산(benzoic acid) 등의 H. pylori에 대한 항균능력을 검토한 결과 소르빈산, 프로피온산, 안식향산의 H. pylori에 대한 항균효과가 관찰되었으며 안식향산은 소르빈산이나 프로피온산과 비교했을 때는 별로 큰 효과를 나타내지 못하였다. 보존료의 조합에 대한 H. pylori의 생육억제효과는 0.5% 소르빈산과 0.5% 프로피온산을 조합하는 경우 나타났으며 다른 조합군과 비교할 때 큰 차이를 나타내지 못하였다. 유기산과 H. pylori의 생육관계에서는 단독 첨가시에는 항균력이 크게 나타나지 않고 조합하는 경우에만 좋은 항균력을 나타내었다. 유기산, 보존료와 H. pylori 생육관계는 유기산류는 어떤 보존료와 혼합하여도 항균력에 상승효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 구연산의 경우 소르빈산과 조합한 경우에는 H. pylori생육이 많이 억제되었으며 그 다음이 구연산+안식향산, 구연산+프로피온산 순으로 균에 대한 항균력이 감소되었다. 또 사과산과 숙실산은 구연산과 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of various organic acids as food preservatives on the growth of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylor). The antimicrobial effects of sorbic acid, propionic acid and benzoic acid currently used as food preservatives were examined in light of the growth of Helicobacter pylori. Each of them was observed to have positive antimicrobial effect on Helicobacter pylori. However, benzoic acid wasn't higher than sorbic acid and propionic acid in antimicrobial effect. As for the combination of preservatives, antimicrobial activity of H. pylori was shown in the combination of sorbic acid(0.5%) and propionic acid(0.5%). However, its effect was not significantly different in comparison with other combinations. In the relationship of organic acids and H. pylori's growth, organic acid had no effect on antimicrobial activity when it was used alone, whereas antimicrobial effect was shown to be better in case of combination. If intermix of organic acids and preservatives and addition to the medium for suppression of H. pylori growth were achieved, organic acid exhibited synergistic effect on suppression of H. pylori's growth, even in combination of any other preservatives. In particular, in combination of citric acid and sorbic acid, the growth of H. pylori was shown to be remarkable suppression. And the effectiveness on suppression of H. pylori's growth was lowered in order of citric acid + bezoic acid and citric acid + propionic. acid. It was also found that the antimicrobial effects of malic acid and succinic acid were similar to those of citric acid.

정보통신시장 유무선 통합서비스 도입과 기업 대응전략

송영화,류완하,김갑식 한국정보시스템학회 2004 情報시스템硏究 Vol.13 No.1

Fixed-mobile convergence services can be defined as the combination of previously separate fixed and mobile services, and networks and commercial practices. Examples of fixed-mobile convergence services include single voice-mail box, single number and unified messaging across fixed and mobile networks. Recently as more voice is transferred to mobile networks, convergence services between fixed and mobile become more important. In Korea convergence services are only starting to become established, and are likely to become an important part of any operator's offering. In this paper, we search the different levels of fixed-mobile convergence services and the trends and regulations for fixed-mobile convergence services in major countries. And at the same time, we also suggest the corresponding Marketing strategies by operators related to fixed-mobile convergence services.

榮山姜水系의 魚類相과 榮山潮內의 魚類相의 變化

宋泰坤,李完玉 木浦大學校沿岸生物硏究所 1988 沿岸生物硏究 Vol.5 No.1

1987年 10月과 1988年 4月부터 8月까지 榮山江本流와 支流 그리고 榮山湖內의 49個 調査地点에서 魚類相과 榮山湖의 淡水化에 따른 魚類相의 變化를 調査하였다. 本 調査에서 採集된 魚類는 總 20科 44屬 64種 및 亞種 17,728個體로 그 가운데 Cyprinidae 31종, Gobiidae 7종, Cobitidae 4종, Bagridae 3종 등 이었으며, 본 조사에서 새로이 서식이 확인된 種은 Squalidus chankaensis tsuchigae, Liobagrus obesus, Oncorhynchus masou, Hemiramphus kurumens, Gasteroteus aculeatus, Mugil cephalus, M . haematocheila, Rhinogobius giurinus, Acanthogobius flavimanus, A . hasta, Chaenogobius annularis, Tridentiger obscurus등 12종이었으며, 韓國特産種은 15種이었다. 榮山江本流 및 榮山湖內에서는 총 59種의 魚類가 채집되었고 이들 水系로 流入되는 小河川들에서는 34種의 魚類가 그리고 支流인 黃龍江과 砥石江에서는 各各 43種과 29種의 魚類가 채집되었다. 榮山湖內 水質의 淡水化에 따라 1次淡水魚 뿐만 아니라 汽水性 魚類의 出現種數가 전체적으로 增加하는 傾向을 보였다. The freshwater fish fauna of Yongsan River stream and the change of fish fauna in Yongsan Lake were investigated from October, 1987, to August, 1988. total collected fishes were 20 families, 44 genera, 64 species and subspecies, 17,728 individuals including 31 species of Cyprinidae, 7 species of Gobiidae, 4 species of Cobitidae and 3 species of Bagridae, and among them 15 species were known as Korean endemic species. Squalidus chankaensis tsuchigae, Liobagrus obesus, Oncorhynchus masou, Hemiramphus kurumens, Gasteroteus aculeatus, Mugil cephalus, M. haematocheila, Rhinogobius giurinus, Acanthogobius flavimanus, A. hasta, Chaenogobius annularis, Tridentiger obscurus were observed in the present studied areas for the first time. In Yongsan River system and the total number of species including primary freshwater fishes and peripheral fishes increased as the water quality of Yongsan Lake changed into feshwater.

베를린 방언의 음성변이와 언어태도

송완용 西江大學校 人文科學硏究所 1994 서강인문논총 Vol.3 No.-

<고지독어 음운추이>의 보급설과 자생설

송완용 한국독어독문학회 2003 獨逸文學 Vol.87 No.-

Die sog. Standardtheorie von Th. Frings (die LV-Ausbreitung von Su¨d nach Nord) wird u.a. mit folgenden Argumenten begru¨ndet: ①die LV ist im Su¨den fast vollsta¨ndig vertreten, wa¨hrend sie zum Norden hin sta¨ndig an Intensita¨t verliert (sog. gestaffelte Lautverschiebungslandschaft, bzw. Rheinischer Fa¨cher im Rheinland), ②Der Su¨den wa¨re ein idealer Schauplatz fu¨r jene Vo¨lkermischung, die die Ansto¨Be fu¨r die LV gegeben ha¨tte. ③Die a¨ltesten Zeugnisse wurden im Su¨den gefunden, ④Die Behauchung als Auslo¨ser der LV war im Voraltoberdeutschen vorhanden, fehlte aber im Voraltmitteldeutschen sowie im -niederdeutschen. Einwa¨nde gegen die Standardtheorie: ①Es ist in der Zwischenzeit nachgewiesen worden, dass fru¨he LV-Belege des Mitteldeutschen so gut wie gleichzeitig mit denen des Oberdeutschen aubeten. Das bedeutet: Es gab u¨berhaupt nicht genug Zeit fu¨r die Verbreitung von Su¨den nach Norden. ②Sprache geht mit der Macht. Die Herrschaft der Franken, die damalige alleinige Supermacht, verlief in entgegengesetzter Richtung von Norden nach Su¨den. Ein Nord - Su¨d-Verbreitungsmodell (Bsp. generative Phonologie) ist unplausibel, denn es ist bestrebt, ihren Axiom "rule generalisation" anhand der LV zu rechtfertigen. SchlieBlich hat v.a. Schu¨tzeichel das hohe Alter der LV im Rheinland nachgewiesen und sie als autochthones Pha¨nomen auch in dieser Gegend gedeutet. Die Tatsache, dass neben den verschobenen noch unverschobene Belege im Rheinland stehen, kann ebenso gut fu¨r Verbreitungsannahmen wie fu¨r Autochthonietheorien sprechen. Die Diskussion wird sich auch in Zukunft fortsetzen, weil der Stand der Etymologie, insbesondere der Lehnwortforschung, noch ungenu¨gend ist.

全南地方 4個 小河川의 漁類相

宋泰坤,李完玉,朴炅洋 木浦大學校基礎科學硏究所 1988 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-

The freshwater fish fauna was investigated from April, 1987 to August, 1988 in Watan chon, Pulgap chon, Ch'ong chon and Ch'onggye chon of Chol-lanamdo. The collected fish were 6 families, 19 genera, 22 species in Watan chon 9 families, 20 genera, 25 species in Pulgap chon, 7 families, 17 genera, 17 species in Ch'ong chon and 7 families, 13 genera, 15 species in Ch'onggye chon. It was remarkable point in the distributional study of freshwater fishes of Korea that two individuals of Cobitis koreensis were collected in Pulgap chon for the first time and the morphology of them was very similar to the Tongjin River population. This indicated that Pulgap chon was found to be the southern limit of distribution of C. koreensis koreensis. Growth rate and age composition were analyzed by total length of 6 species such as Squalidus gracilis majimae, Abbottina springeri, A. rivularis, Moroco oxycephalus, Cobitis lutheri and Zacco temmincki.