Changes of Functional MRI Findings in a Patient Whose Pathological Gambling Improved with Fluvoxamine

Sang-Keun Chung,Il-Han You,Gwang-Hyun Cho,Gyung-Ho Chung,Young-Chul Shin,김대진,최삼욱 연세대학교의과대학 2009 Yonsei medical journal Vol.50 No.3

Legalized gambling is a growing industry, and is probably a factor in the presently increasing prevalence of pathological gambling. We present a case of a 36-year-old pathological gambler who was treated with fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and who was assessed by functional MRI before and after drug administration. During activation periods, the pathological gambler was shown cards as stimuli, and fMRI results in several brain regions showed differential effects before and after medication and a maintenance period. This case demonstrates that the treatment response to fluvoxamine in a pathological gambler was observed not only by subjective self-report, but also by objective fMRI results. Therefore, fMRI may be a useful tool in the diagnosis and prediction of treatment response in patients afflicted with pathological gambling.

Laparoscopy vs. laparotomy for embryo transfer to produce transgenic goats (Capra hircus)

Sang Tae Shin,Sung Keun Jang,Hong Suk Yang,Ok Keun Lee,Yhong Hee Shim,Won Il Choi,Doo Soo Lee,Gwan Sun Lee,Jong Ki Cho,Young Won Lee 대한수의학회 2008 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.9 No.1

This study was performed to produce transgenic Korean native goat (Capra hircus) by laparoscopic embryo transfer (ET) to overcome the limitations of ET performed by laparotomy. Transgenic embryos were produced by DNA pronuclear microinjection of in vivo zygotes. The recipient goats were synchronized for estrus by using an introvaginal progesterone devices as a controlled internal drugreleasing insert (CIDR) for 13 days and injection of 400 IU PMSG 48 h before removal of the insert. Embryos were transferred on day 3 and 4 after removal of the insert. Recipient goats were deprived of feed for 48 h, then suspended in a laparotomy cradle at an angle of 45o. After obtaining a sufficient pneumoperitoneum, the laparoscope and forceps were inserted abdominally through 5 mm trocar sleeves. Examination of the ovaries and uterus was performed and then 213 embryos were transferred into the oviducts via the infundibula of 76 recipient goats. To compare pregnancy rates, ET was also performed by laparotomy in 82 recipient goats. The pregnancies in the recipient goats were diagnosed by ultrasound on day 30 after embryo transfer. The pregnancy rate with laparoscopic ET was significantly higher than with ET performed by laparotomy (46.1% vs. 28.6%, p < 0.05). In addition, the pregnancy rates were compared between ovulated and non-ovulated ovaries of the recipient goats in the laparoscopic ET group. No significant difference was observed between the pregnancy rates of ovulated and non-ovulated ovaries (41.3% vs. 33.3%, p < 0.05) suggesting that ET may also be possible in non-ovulated recipients through artificial rupture of Graafian follicles. These results suggest that laparoscopic ET is a highly efficient method for the transfer of goat embryos. This study was performed to produce transgenic Korean native goat (Capra hircus) by laparoscopic embryo transfer (ET) to overcome the limitations of ET performed by laparotomy. Transgenic embryos were produced by DNA pronuclear microinjection of in vivo zygotes. The recipient goats were synchronized for estrus by using an introvaginal progesterone devices as a controlled internal drugreleasing insert (CIDR) for 13 days and injection of 400 IU PMSG 48 h before removal of the insert. Embryos were transferred on day 3 and 4 after removal of the insert. Recipient goats were deprived of feed for 48 h, then suspended in a laparotomy cradle at an angle of 45o. After obtaining a sufficient pneumoperitoneum, the laparoscope and forceps were inserted abdominally through 5 mm trocar sleeves. Examination of the ovaries and uterus was performed and then 213 embryos were transferred into the oviducts via the infundibula of 76 recipient goats. To compare pregnancy rates, ET was also performed by laparotomy in 82 recipient goats. The pregnancies in the recipient goats were diagnosed by ultrasound on day 30 after embryo transfer. The pregnancy rate with laparoscopic ET was significantly higher than with ET performed by laparotomy (46.1% vs. 28.6%, p < 0.05). In addition, the pregnancy rates were compared between ovulated and non-ovulated ovaries of the recipient goats in the laparoscopic ET group. No significant difference was observed between the pregnancy rates of ovulated and non-ovulated ovaries (41.3% vs. 33.3%, p < 0.05) suggesting that ET may also be possible in non-ovulated recipients through artificial rupture of Graafian follicles. These results suggest that laparoscopic ET is a highly efficient method for the transfer of goat embryos.

Epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of autophagy

Shin, Hi-Jai R.,Kim, Hyunkyung,Kim, Keun Il,Baek, Sung Hee Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2016 AUTOPHAGY Vol.12 No.11

<P>Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) is an essential self-digestion process to maintain homeostasis and promote survival in response to starvation. Although the components of autophagy in the cytoplasm have been well studied, little has been known about the fine-tuning mechanism of autophagy through epigenetic regulations. Recently, we identified the histone arginine methyltransferase CARM1 as a new component and followed histone H3R17 dimethylation as a critical epigenetic mark in starvation-induced autophagy. Upon nutrient starvation, CARM1 is stabilized in the nucleus, but not in the cytoplasm, whereas it is constantly degraded under nutrient-rich conditions by the SKP2-containing SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase. We further showed that nutrient starvation induces the protein levels and activity of AMPK in the nucleus. Activated AMPK then phosphorylates FOXO3, leading to SKP2 downregulation and increased CARM1 protein levels in the nucleus. Stabilized CARM1 in turn functions as an essential co-activator of TFEB and regulates the expression of autophagy and lysosomal genes. Our findings provide a conceptual advance that activation of specific epigenetic programs is indispensable for a sustained autophagic response, and shed light on a potential therapeutic targeting of the newly identified AMPK-SKP2-CARM1 signaling axis in autophagy-related diseases.</P>

Korea’s English Curriculum: Review, Issues and Future Directions

Shin, Sang-Keun 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2017 교과교육학연구 Vol.21 No.3

English education in Korea started in 1883 at its first government-established English school, Dongmunhak. Korea’s national-level English curriculum, however, was not issued until 1946. The purposes of this study were to briefly review the changes that have occurred to the English curriculum, which has been amended a total of 11 times, from the initial 1946 syllabus-type version to the amended 2015 English curriculum, and to conduct detailed review of the 2015 curriculum, the latest version as of 2017. Identified problems include: (1) non-English core competency application; (2) vague achievement standards; (3) lack of diversity; (4) gap between real world and classroom; and (5) insufficient theoretical grounds. Suggestions are presented for improvement.

Initial experience of heterotopic pig heart allotransplantation

Sung Jun Lee,Jun Seok Kim,Hyun Keun Chee,Jin Woo Chung,Je Kyoun Shin,Meong Gun Song,Jung Hwan Park 한국실험동물학회 2012 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.8

The Korea Cohort Consortium: The Future of Pooling Cohort Studies

Sang-Jun Lee,Kwang-Pil Ko,Jung Eun Lee,Inah Kim,Sun Ha Jee,Aesun Shin,Sun-Seog Kweon,Min-Ho Shin,Sangmin Park,Seungho Ryu,Sun Young Yang,Seung Ho Choi,Jeongseon Kim,Sang-Wook Yi,Daehee Kang,Keun-Young 대한예방의학회 2022 예방의학회지 Vol.55 No.5

Objectives: We introduced the cohort studies included in the Korean Cohort Consortium (KCC), focusing on large-scale cohort studies established in Korea with a prolonged follow-up period. Moreover, we also provided projections of the follow-up and estimates of the sample size that would be necessary for big-data analyses based on pooling established cohort studies, including population-based genomic studies. Methods: We mainly focused on the characteristics of individual cohort studies from the KCC. We developed “PROFAN”, a Shiny application for projecting the follow-up period to achieve a certain number of cases when pooling established cohort studies. As examples, we projected the follow-up periods for 5000 cases of gastric cancer, 2500 cases of prostate and breast cancer, and 500 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The sample sizes for sequencing-based analyses based on a 1:1 case-control study were also calculated. Results: The KCC consisted of 8 individual cohort studies, of which 3 were community-based and 5 were health screening-based cohorts. The population-based cohort studies were mainly organized by Korean government agencies and research institutes. The projected follow-up period was at least 10 years to achieve 5000 cases based on a cohort of 0.5 million participants. The mean of the minimum to maximum sample sizes for performing sequencing analyses was 5917-72 102. Conclusions: We propose an approach to establish a large-scale consortium based on the standardization and harmonization of existing cohort studies to obtain adequate statistical power with a sufficient sample size to analyze high-risk groups or rare cancer subtypes.

Specific detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae by suppression subtractive hybridization analysis

( Sang Jae Lee ),( Yun Sang Kim ),( Sung Hee Pi ),( Hyung Keun You ),( Hyung Sik Shin ) 대한치주과학회 2007 대한치주과학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2007 No.2

Longlasting Remission of Primary Hepatic Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) Lymphoma Achieved by Radiotherapy Alone

( Sang Yun Shin ),( Jin Seok Kim ),( Jong Keun Lim ),( Jee Sook Hahn ),( Woo Ick Yang ),( Chang Ok Suh ) 대한내과학회 2006 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.21 No.2

Primary hepatic lymphoma is a rare disorder representing less than 1% of all extranodal lymphomas. Histological examination of a primary hepatic lymphoma usually reveals a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; there have been few reports of primary hepatic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas. A 67-year-old man was being treated for a duodenal ulcer; while receiving therapy for the ulcer, a liver mass was incidentally found on abdominal ultrasonography. The pathologic diagnosis of the hepatic mass was an extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT. The patient underwent radiotherapy with a total of 4,140 cGy delivered. The patient achieved complete remission and has been followed for 6 years with no recurrence of the disease. This report reviews the case of a primary hepatic extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT successfully treated by radiotherapy alone.

ESTUARY TYPE AND PLUME STRUCTURE OF THE KEUM RIVER ESTUARY

Sang Ho Lee,Hyun Yong Choi,Hyo Keun Kwon,Eun Ju Shin 한국해안해양공학회 1999 학술강연회 발표논문초록집 Vol.1 No.1

We studied the type and circulation of estuary and the structure of river plume from the data obtained after the dyke construction in the Keum River estuary. The observed tidally averaged salinity profiles correspond to the partially mixed estuary, with increasing the mean salinity in downstream direction and with depth regardless of the amount of the river discharge. During the temporary river discharge in May 1998, the releasing of fresh water from the upper layer in the estuary mouth in the ebbing is a supplying process of the low salinity water to the offshore river plume. The estuary type agrees with the stratification and circulation diagram calculated by Lee et al. (1999). The observed tide-mean flows reverse with depth, which are correspondent to the circulation type of partially mixed estuary, implying that suspended sediments are deposited in the upstream region near the Keum River dyke. For the large river discharge in August 1998 the river plume makes a strong jet of low salinity water west of the estuary mouth. Low salinity water extends farther seaward beyond Oeyon-do, showing a tongue-like distribution, which is deflected to the right from the jet. The distance of the plume reaches 60㎞ from the river mouth. The plume jet has a lens of low salinity in the section, of which the size and depth of the deep axis in the first observation is much larger and deeper than in the second probably due to the difference of the river discharge volume. In the farther offshore section the depth of extended plume is much shallower, overlying the ambient water.

Effect of Yeast Extract Added in Artificial Media on Mass Production of Aschersonia aleyrodis Conidium

Sang Soo Oh,Jeong Heub Song,Soon Yeong Hong,Shin Chan Lee,Seong Keun Kang 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.10

Entomopathogenic fungus Aschersonia aleyrodis naturally occurred on citrus whitefly, Dialeurodes citri nymph was often observed in organic citrus orchards, Jeju. The genus Aschersonia is also known to be toxic against scale insects and other pests. However, little is known about artificial media for mass production of spores of Aschersonia species. Grains are excellent sources of media for mass conidia production of various entomopathogenic fungi. The yeast extract, which converts carbohydrates to carbon dioxides and alcohols, contains a large amount of vitamin B complexes which facilitate the carbohydrate metabolism. The more yeast extract content the more conidia production on artificial medium made from commercial corn flour and corn gluten feed. The number of conidium produced on oat, millet, sorghum, and unhulled barley medium containing 1% yeast extract were 1.8, 1.8, 1.6, and 2.1×1010/plate (90mm × 15mm), respectively. However, the greatest yeast effect among four media showed appeared on sorghum medium, which produced 25 times higher spore production than sorghum alone. Furthermore, the conidia from solid sorghum medium could be easily harvested with cell scraper.