Mechanical Properties and Electrochemical Behavior of Electroless Ni–P-AlN Nanocomposite Coating

Mohammadhassan Badihehaghdam,Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi Khoie,Farzaneh Khast,Mobin Safarzadeh Khosrowshahi 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.6

Ni–P electroless coatings have already proven their ability to improve the tribological properties of various materials. Thisis possible due to their high hardness, good wear and corrosion resistance. However, the inclusion of AlN nanoparticlesinto Ni–P matrix can enormously enhance their properties. The aim of the present paper is to develop electroless Ni–P-AlNcomposite coatings as well as studying the effect of the incorporation of AlN particles on the structure, electrochemical, andmechanical properties of Ni–P alloy coating was studied. The morphology of the coatings were characterized using scanningelectron microscopy. In addition, X-ray diffraction was conducted to characterize the structure of the coatings. The microstructuralstudy showed that a uniform and fine-grained coating was accessible while using aluminum nitride. The additionof AlN particles resulted in higher hardness values and improved the wear resistance of the Ni–P coating. Another attainmentof this study was to investigate the effect of heat treatment on the attributes of Ni–P-AlN composite coating, which resultsshowed heat treating at 400 °C for 1 h led to the improvement of the chemical and mechanical properties on both the Ni–Pand the Ni–P-AlN coatings. The maximum hardness value obtained was 870 HV100after performing the heat treatment onthe nanocomposite coating. The same sample revealed a lower wear rate compared with that of the other samples. Also, thepresence of AlN nanoparticles as well as heat treatment resulted in the significant enhancement of the corrosion resistancecompared with that of the Ni–P coating.

Fabrication of polypyrrole composite on perlite zeolite surface and its application for removal of copper from wood and paper factories wastewater

Ali Naghizadeh,Seyyed Jalal Mousavi,Elham Derakhshani,Mohammad Kamranifar,Seyyed Meysam Sharifi 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.3

The large volumes of water used in wood and paper industries produce substantial amounts of wastewater. These industries are among the most polluting ones in the world; there are large quantities of heavy metals (copper, iron, zinc, etc.) and dyes in the wastewater of these industries, and this wastewater has high levels of COD and BOD. We studied copper removal from the effluents of a wood and paper factory by using a polypyrrole composite consisting of natural Zeolite coated on Perlite (PPy/Perlite). The experiments were performed in a batch system in which effects of various parameters including pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and temperature on adsorption were studied. Moreover, SEM and FTIR were employed to identify the structure of the synthesized adsorbent. Results indicated that the maximum copper removal (95%) happened at pH=6, contact time of 12 minutes, and adsorbent dose of 0.4 g/ 100 mL of the wastewater. Furthermore, copper adsorption capacity of the PPy/Perlite adsorbent improved with increases in temperature and reached its peak at 40 oC. Values of the thermodynamic variables (ΔS, ΔH, ΔG) indicated that copper adsorption could occur in the temperature range of 293-323 Kelvin, and was spontaneous and endothermic. Equilibrium information in the studied range of the initial concentrations of copper and in the temperature range suitably matched the Freundlich isotherm. Evaluation of experimental information for studying the kinetics of copper adsorption by PPy/Perlite revealed that copper adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Biodegradation potential of hydrocarbons in petroleum refinery effluents using a continuous anaerobic-aerobic hybrid system

Niloofar Nasirpour,Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi,Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.32 No.5

We investigated a novel wastewater treatment method for the remediation of crude oil refinery effluents with large number of recalcitrant organic compounds. The treatment system consists of an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor and an aerobic packed-bed biofilm reactor (PBBR) in combinatory pattern to increase the efficiency of treatment and to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of the wastewater. The mean chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency in the UASB reactor and PBBR over 118 days of sampling was 68.48% and 38.28%, respectively. The total COD removal efficiency of the system was 81.07%. The GC-MS abundance and area values for each of the substances in the effluent decreased greatly from the corresponding value in the influent. Specifically, the PAHs were totally removed during the treatment process. This study presents a feasible technology for the treatment of refinery effluents.

CFD simulation of fluid flow in a novel prototype radial mixed plug-flow reactor

Majid Rasouli,Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi,Hamidreza Azargoshasb,Oveis Jamialahmadi,Yahya Ajabshirchi 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.64 No.-

This research describes a simulation based on three dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in a semi-continuous PFR reactor. The commercial software FLUENT 6.3 was employed to solve the governing equations. The gas-liquid flow was modeled using an Eulerian multiphase and k–ε turbulence (RNG) model. Hydrodynamics investigated for different total solid (TS) levels and mixing regime using multiple reference frame (MRF) model within the whole multiphase bioreactor. The simulation results in a prototype reactor are validated against the experimental data. Simulation results indicate that flow pattern within the reactor was highly influenced by the substrate density and viscosity, and stirring intensity. Moreover, substrate density and viscosity are variable according to the TS content. The results demonstrate adequate mixing process providing the required amount and intensity of mixing for uniform distribution of reactor content and needed conditions to improve the reactor performance. Comparison of three impeller mixing speed in a reactor demonstrates that mixing intensity has affected the gas phase above the fluid surface. Such a mixing intensity may create a turbulent region with a homogenous mixture of gas and liquid, which is not suitable for this anaerobic digestion.

Thermal pretreatment of spent button cell batteries (BCBs) for efficient bioleaching

Fatemeh Pourhossein,Mohammad Sadeghi,Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.9

Spent Zn-Mn button cells are one of the fastest-growing battery waste streams containing considerableamounts of Zn (12-28% (w/w)) and Mn (26-45% (w/w)) that could be considered as a potential industrially demandedsource of Mn and Zn. However, due to the very toxic, stable, and refractory nature of the button cell batteries, applyingmicrobial leaching for metal extraction from spent batteries is limited. In this regard, this study focused on detoxicate,enriching, and mobilizing major elements through thermal treatment assisted by acidic bioleaching. It was witnessedafter thermal pretreatment of BCBs powder at 600 oC, the A. ferrooxidans could tolerate up to 20 g/L BCBs containinga high concentration of Mn and Zn by serial step-wise adaptation process. The use of thermal pretreatment increasedby 76% and 75% extraction yields of Mn and Zn compared with the results obtained using un-thermally pretreatedBCBs powder. The result indicated that 95% of zinc and 91% manganese were efficiently extracted from thermally pretreatedBCBs. A. ferrooxidans and Fe3+ play an important role to improve Mn and Zn extraction efficiency. The structuraland morphological analyses showed that the proposed approach could successfully overcome spent button cellbatteries complexities and extract most of the major metals.

Production of Alkaline Protease by Entrapped Bacillus Licheniformis Cells in Repeated Batch Process

( Mashhadi Karim ),( Mohammad ),( Mehrdad Azin* ),( Seyyed Latif Mousavi Gargari ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.12

In this study, Bacillus licheniformis cells were immobilized by entrapment in calcium alginate beads and were used for production of alkaline protease by repeated batch process. In order to increase the stability of the beads, the immobilization procedure was optimized by statistical full factorial method, by which three factors including alginate type, calcium chloride concentration, and agitation speed were studied. Optimization of the enzyme production medium, by the Taguchi method, was also studied. The obtained results showed that optimization of the cell immobilization procedure and medium constituents significantly enhanced the production of alkaline protease. In comparison with the free-cell culture in pre-optimized medium, about 7.3-fold higher productivity was resulted after optimization of the overall procedure. Repeated batch mode of operation, using optimized conditions, resulted in continuous production of the alkaline protease for 13 batches in 19 days.

Gas permeation and sorption properties of poly(amide-12-b-ethyleneoxide)(Pebax1074)/SAPO-34 mixed matrix membrane for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation

Hesamoddin Rabiee,Mohammad Soltanieh,Shadi Meshkat Alsadat,Seyyed Abbas Mousavi,Ali Ghadimi 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.27 No.-

Zeolite SAPO-34 was used for fabrication of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) to improve the CO2/CH4/N2 gas separation performance of the neat Pebax1074 membrane. Permeability and selectivity of theMMMs were studied at different temperatures of 25–65 8C and pressures of 4–24 bars. Also sorption ofdifferent gases in MMMs was measured at 35 8C and different pressures, which showed enhancedsolubility coefficients. Moreover, thermal, morphological and mechanical properties of MMMs werecharacterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM) andtensile analysis. The results showed excellent improvement in CO2/CH4 selectivity (about 70%) andCO2/N2 selectivity (about 15%) at 20 wt% SAPO-34 loading

Simulation of phenol biodegradation by Ralstonia eutropha in a packed-bed bioreactor with batch recycle mode using CFD technique

Afshin Amani,Elham Jalilnejad,Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.59 No.-

Packed-bed reactors are widely used in biological treatment processes. The complete simulation of the reactions and concentration profiles of the reactors, which are necessary for a successful reactor design, operation, and scale-up, are now possible due to extensive improvements of numerical methods and computational power. In the present work, phenol biodegradation was studied in a packed-bed bioreactor operating in the recycling batch mode using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. A transient comprehensive 3D CFD was developed to simulate the dynamic behavior of batch phenol biodegradation by Ralstonia eutropha in a Kissiris-immobilized cell bioreactor. The model combined the porous medium CFD model with two kinetic equations, namely the Haldane and Luong inhibition models, to consider the inhibitory effect of phenol at high concentrations. The simulation results of the phenol concentration variation in different initial phenol concentrations (2.13, 4.26, 6.39, and 8.52 mol/m3) and recirculation flow rates (10, 25, and 40 ml/min) were validated against experimental data. Despite the assumptions, the simulation results create an acceptable assurance of the simulation precision with good agreement with experimental data.

Evaluation and Optimization of Factors Affecting the Performance of a Flow-through System Based on Immobilized Acetylcholineesterase as a Biosensor

Bahman Ebrahimi,Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati,Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.3

A flow-through system based on acetylcholineesterase (AChE) was studied. The system was prepared by mixing AChE and a multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT). Two important parameters, the ratios of AChE:MWCNT (X1) and AChE-MWCNT:sol-gel (X2)were optimized using response surface methodology. The results revealed that an enzyme immobilized within the MWCNT-sol-gel was more effective compared to one conducted with sol-gel. The optimum feed flow rate was 0.4 mL/min and ATChI concentration was found to be 1 mM. The optimum ratios of X1 and X2 for immobilization on ceramic packing were 1.07 and 0.43, respectively. The sensitivity of this flow-through system was 1.82 × 10−5/μM and long-term stability analyzed after 120 days was 74% of initial absorbance. With respect to an incubation time of 14 min, the detection limit for paraoxon was 7.3 × 10−12 mol.

Advances in bioleaching as a sustainable method for metal recovery from e-waste: A review

Mahsa Baniasadi,Farzane Vakilchap,Nazanin Bahaloo-Horeh,Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi,Sebastien Farnaud 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.76 No.-

Electronic waste (e-waste) accumulation on earth is a serious environmental challenge. The need forheavy metal recovery, together with the profitability of precious and base metals, are strong incentivesfor researchers tofind a sustainable method for metal recovery from e-waste. The scientific community istrying to improve the efficiency of metal recovery from e-wastes using bioleaching, a more sustainablemethod in comparison to traditional methods. In this review, available methods and the kinetic modelsthat describe the bioleaching processes, and also their limitations, are reviewed. In addition, theapplication of new approaches to understand how the contribution of microorganisms and their geneticmodification can affect the processes, are reviewed.