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Cystic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case of Undergoing Endoscopic Thyroid Lobectomy
Dong Hae Chung,Jae Yeon Seok,Yoo Seung Chung1,Eun Mee Oh1,Jung Won Ryu1,Young Don Lee1 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2015 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.15 No.1
On ultrasonography, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) shows hypoechogenicity, an irregular margin, a predominantly solid composition, and microcalcifications, similar to those observed in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). MTC presenting as a cystic lesion is rare, and endoscopic thyroidectomy can be performed for benign thyroid masses and early stage PTC, however it is inappropriate for MTC regardless of cystic change. The authors report a case of cystic MTC found after endoscopic thyroid lobectomy and provide a review of the literature on this topic.
A conceptual framework for energy security evaluation of power sources in South Korea
Chung, Whan-Sam,Kim, Seung-Su,Moon, Kee-Hwan,Lim, Chae-Young,Yun, Sung-Won Elsevier 2017 ENERGY Vol.137 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Due to the limited energy resources and isolated power system network, an energy security (ES) which reflects such factors as a stable energy supply, energy efficiency, and environmental protection has significance in Korea in terms of sustainable development.</P> <P>This study evaluated the ES in South Korea for fuel options in power generation sector (coal, nuclear, natural gas, oil, and renewables) focusing on indicators of supply reliability, economy of electricity generation, environmental sustainability, and technology complementarity.</P> <P>The ES indicators suggested in this study are anticipated to contribute to establishing an ES policy based on a comprehensive understanding of the ES status in South Korea. In the future, it will be necessary to establish specific scenarios for holding out regional conflicts and post-2020 climate change conventions and conduct realistic and dynamic analyses. In addition, it is essential to draw comprehensive indicators by incorporating the results from individual indicators and produce policy data regarding the priority of energy sources in terms of ES in general.</P> <P>This study has an unusual position in the aspect of the quantitative analysis contribution to the ES of various energy sources by the microscopic parameters together with the time series changes of ES.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A model that contributes to national energy security by energy source is proposed. </LI> <LI> Renewables, shown improve gradually, are beneficial in SS, EC and IO indicators. </LI> <LI> Nuclear, shown improve gradually too, is beneficial in GH and TC indicators. </LI> <LI> Fossil fuels such as LNG and coal have been improved in terms of indicators GH and SA. </LI> <LI> This model is expected in finding out the security enhancement factor by energy source. </LI> </UL> </P>
Development of Power Quality Management System with Power Quality Diagnosis Functions
Chung Il-Yop,Won Dong-Jun,Ahn Seon-Ju,Kim Joong-Moon,Moon Seung-Il,Seo Jang-Cheol,Choe Jong-Woong,Jang Gil-Soo The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2006 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.1 No.1
Recently, in accordance with the development of IT technology, it is prevalent for power quality monitors to be connected to each other via networks and share their data because such networks provide system-wide insights to customers concerning power quality. Those systems can alarm and display power quality events for the convenience of customers. However, if a power quality event occurs, it is difficult for customers to determine its cause and solution because the systems do not provide appropriate power quality diagnosis functions. The power quality management system presented in this paper has been developed to provide customers with various power quality diagnosis functions so that they can cope well with power quality problems with the right measure in the right place. This paper presents the structure and functions of the developed power quality management system and shows some results of the power diagnosis functions.
( Won Ji Rhee ),( Chan Jong Chung ),( Youn Hee Lim ),( Kyu Han Lee ),( Seung Cheol Lee ) 대한마취과학회 2010 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.59 No.4
Background: Spinal anesthesia is the most common regional anesthesia conducted for many surgical procedures. Multiple factors can affect the success, the side effects, and patient satisfaction with the procedure. This study was undertaken prospectively to discover factors affecting dissatisfaction and refusal of spinal anesthesia. Methods: Starting in December 2007, patients who underwent spinal anesthesia in the operating rooms of our hospital were surveyed over a period of a year. Before attempting the procedure, patient characteristics and previous history of anesthesia were recorded. Spinal anesthesia was administered with 0.5% heavy bupivacaine combined with fentanyl 0-20 μg. Intraoperative data and postoperative data on the day after surgery were collected. The patients were also asked about their general satisfaction with spinal anesthesia, causes of dissatisfaction with the procedure, and causes of their refusal to have spinal anesthesia again. Results: Six patients among 1,197 cases were excluded from the study because of spinal anesthesia failure. The dissatisfaction rate of spinal anesthesia was 3.7%, and its risk factors were more than three puncture attempts, paresthesia at puncture, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and postoperative backache. The refusal rate to have spinal anesthesia again was 3.2%, and its risk factors were postoperative backache and dissatisfaction. Conclusions: Although spinal anesthesia was conducted safely during the study and revealed a high rate of patient satisfaction (96.3%), side effects still occurred. Therefore, attending anesthesiologists must perform the procedure carefully and always pay attention to patients under spinal anesthesia.(Korean J Anesthesiol 2010;59:260-264)
Chung, Ji-Hyung,Im, Eun-Kyoung,Jin, Tae-Won,Lee, Seung-Min,Kim, Soo-Hyuk,Choi, Eun-Young,Shin, Min-Jeong,Lee, Kyung-Hye,Jang, Yang-Soo Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bion 2011 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.43 No.4
Gene transfer of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been shown to induce significant endothelial migration and angiogenesis in ischemic disease models. Here, we investigate what factors are secreted from skeletal muscle cells (SkMCs) transfected with $bFGF$ gene and whether they participate in endothelial cell migration. We constructed replication-defective adenovirus vectors containing the human $bFGF$ gene (Ad/$bFGF$) or a control $LacZ$ gene (Ad/$LacZ$) and obtained conditioned media, bFGF-CM and LacZ-CM, from SkMCs infected by Ad/$bFGF$ or Ad/$LacZ$, respectively. Cell migration significantly increased in HUVECs incubated with bFGF-CM compared to cells incubated with LacZ-CM. Interestingly, HUVEC migration in response to bFGF-CM was only partially blocked by the addition of bFGF-neutralizing antibody, suggesting that bFGF-CM contains other factors that stimulate endothelial cell migration. Several proteins, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and cathepsin L, increased in bFGF-CM compared to LacZ-CM; based on 1-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Their increased mRNA and protein levels were confirmed by RT-PCR and immunoblot analysis. The recombinant human bFGF protein induced MMP-1, PAI-1, and cathepsin L expression in SkMCs. Endothelial cell migration was reduced in groups treated with bFGF-CM containing neutralizing antibodies against MMP-1 or PAI-1. In particular, HUVECs treated with bFGF-CM containing cell-impermeable cathepsin L inhibitor showed the most significant decrease in cell migration. Cathepsin L protein directly promotes endothelial cell migration through the JNK pathway. These results indicate that cathepsin L released from SkMCs transfected with the $bFGF$ gene can promote endothelial cell migration.
( Won Jung Hwang ),( Joon Pyo Jeon ),( Seung Hee Kang ),( Hyun Sik Chung ),( Ji Yong Kim ),( Chul Soo Park ) 대한마취과학회 2010 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.59 No.3
Background: The pre-transplant model for end-stage liver disease (pre-MELD) score is controversial regarding its ability to predict patient mortality after liver transplantation (LT). Prominent changes in physical conditions through the surgery may require a post-transplant indicator for better mortality prediction. We aimed to investigate whether the post-transplant MELD (post-MELD) score can be a predictor of 1-year mortality. Methods: Perioperative variables of 269 patients with living donor LT were retrospectively investigated on their association with 1-year mortality. Post-MELD scores until the 30th day and their respective declines from the 1st day post-MELD score were included along with pre-MELD, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II, and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores on the 1st post-transplant day. The predictive model of mortality was established by multivariate Cox`s proportional hazards regression. Results: The 1-year mortality rate was 17% (n=44), and the leading cause of death was graft failure. Among prognostic indicators, only post-MELD scores after the 5th day and declines in post-MELD scores until the 5th and 30th day were associated with mortality in univariate analyses (P<0.05). After multivariate analyses, declines in post-MELD scores until the 5th day of less than 5 points (hazard ratio 2.35, P=0.007) and prolonged mechanical ventilation ≥24 hours were the earliest independent predictors of 1-year mortality. Conclusions: A sluggish decline in post-MELD scores during the early post-transplant period may be a meaningful prognostic indicator of 1-year mortality after LT. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2010; 59: 160-166)
Chung, Moon Jae,Cheon, Jae Hee,Kim, Seung Up,Park, Jae Jun,Kim, Tae Il,Kim, Nam Kyu,Kim, Won Ho Lippincott WilliamsWilkins, Inc. 2010 JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol.44 No.6
BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of medical treatments and to identify factors to predict clinical outcome of intestinal Behçet disease (BD) during medical treatment. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of the medical records of 93 patients who were diagnosed and medically treated with intestinal BD at Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea from 1992 to 2007. A therapeutic response was evaluated 8 weeks after the initiation of medical treatment, and cumulative recurrence and surgery rates were also assessed during long-term follow-up. RESULTS: The initial remission rate at 8 weeks after treatment was 66.7%. During the follow-up period, cumulative recurrence rates for intestinal BD were 24.9% at 2 years and 43.0% at 5 years. The recurrence rate was significantly higher in patients with apparent gastrointestinal symptoms at their initial presentation, volcano-type and deep intestinal ulcers, and those who failed to achieve complete remission during the initial treatment. Cumulative rates for surgery were 6.7% at 2 years and 15.1% at 5 years. The typical type of ulcers was the only predictive factor for the likelihood of surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that a considerable number of patients experience disease relapse during follow-up despite a high-remission rate after medical treatment for intestinal BD. Careful observation and intensive treatment should be carried out, especially in patients without complete remission after initial treatment, with deep and volcano-shaped ulcers, or with apparent gastrointestinal symptoms at the time of diagnosis.