Evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of methanolextract of Artanema sesamoides Benth roots in animal models

Malaya Gupta,UK Mazumder,V Thamil Selvan,L Manikandan,Senthilkumar GP,R Suresh,P Gomathi,B Ashok Kumar 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2008 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.8 No.2

The methanol extract of the root of Artanema sesamoides Family Scrophuilariaceae (MEAS) was investigated for possible analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in animals. Three models were used to study the extract effects on nociception, which were acetic acid-induced writhing response, hot-plate method and the tail flick test in mice. The antiinflammatory effects were evaluated using carrageenan, dextran, histamine and serotonin induced rat paw oedema (acute) and cotton pellet induced granuloma (chronic) models in rats. Results of the study revealed that the extract exhibited significant (P < 0.001) analgesic effect at a dose of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w p.o in mice in all the models. In acute model, the MEAS also exhibited significant (P < 0.001) antiinflammatory effect in all the above mentioned doses. In chronic model (cotton pellet induced granuloma) the MEAS 200 mg/kg and indomethacin 10 mg/kg showed that inhibition of granuloma formation 25.0% and 47.7% respectively (P < 0.001). The MEAS and indomethacin were effectively preventing the transudation of the fluid. Thus, the present study revealed that the methanol extract of the root of Artanema sesamoides exhibited significant analgesic and antiinflammatory activity. The methanol extract of the root of Artanema sesamoides Family Scrophuilariaceae (MEAS) was investigated for possible analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in animals. Three models were used to study the extract effects on nociception, which were acetic acid-induced writhing response, hot-plate method and the tail flick test in mice. The antiinflammatory effects were evaluated using carrageenan, dextran, histamine and serotonin induced rat paw oedema (acute) and cotton pellet induced granuloma (chronic) models in rats. Results of the study revealed that the extract exhibited significant (P < 0.001) analgesic effect at a dose of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w p.o in mice in all the models. In acute model, the MEAS also exhibited significant (P < 0.001) antiinflammatory effect in all the above mentioned doses. In chronic model (cotton pellet induced granuloma) the MEAS 200 mg/kg and indomethacin 10 mg/kg showed that inhibition of granuloma formation 25.0% and 47.7% respectively (P < 0.001). The MEAS and indomethacin were effectively preventing the transudation of the fluid. Thus, the present study revealed that the methanol extract of the root of Artanema sesamoides exhibited significant analgesic and antiinflammatory activity.

The Photovoltaic Performances of PVdF-HFP Electrospun Membranes Employed Quasi-Solid-State Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

Gnana kumar, G.,Balanay, Mannix P.,Nirmala, R.,Kim, Dong Hee,Raj kumar, T.,Senthilkumar, N.,Kim, Ae Rhan,Yoo, Dong Jin American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.1

<P>The PVdF-HFP nanofiber membranes with different molecular weight were prepared by electrospinning technique and were investigated as solid state electrolyte membranes in quasi solid state dye sensitized solar cells (QS-DSSC). The homogeneously distributed and fully interconnected nano fibers were obtained for all of the prepared PVdF-HFP electrospun membranes and the average fiber diameters of fabricated membranes were dependent upon the molecular weight of polymer. The thermal stability of electrospun PVdF-HFP membrane was decreased with a decrement of molecular weight, specifying the high heat transfer area of small diameter nanofibers. The QS-DSSC fabricated with the lower molecular weight PVdF-HFP electrospun nanofiber membrane exhibited the power conversion efficiency of n = 5.38%, which is superior over the high molecular weight membranes and is comparable with the liquid electrolyte. Furthermore, the electrospun PVdF-HFP membrane exhibited long-term durability over the liquid electrolyte, owing to the higher adsorption and retention efficiencies of liquid electrolyte in its highly porous and interconnected nanofibers. Thus the proposed electrospun PVdF-H FP membrane effectively tackled the volatilization and leakage of liquid electrolyte and provided good photoconversion efficiency associated with an excellent stability, which constructs the prepared electrospun membranes as credible solid state candidates for the application of QS-DSSCs.</P>

GSTM1 and GSTT1 Allele Frequencies among Various Indian and non-Indian Ethnic Groups

Senthilkumar, K.P.,Thirumurugan, R. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.12

Background: Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) is an important phase II xenobiotic compound metabolizing enzyme family, involved in tolerance to a particular drug or susceptibility to a diseasec. This study focused the GSTM1 and T1 null allele frequency in the Gujarat population with a comparison across other Inter- and Intra-Indian ethnic groups to predict variation in the possible susceptible status. Methods: DNA was isolated by a salting out method and GSTM1 and T1 homozygous null genotypes were detected by multiplex polymerase chain reaction in 504 unrelated individuals. The genotype distribution of null alleles was compared with Indian and non Indian ethnics reported earlier in the literature using Fisher's test. Results: The frequencies of the homozygous null genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were 20% (95%CI 16.7-23.9) and 35.5% (95%CI 31.4-39.9) respectively. GSTM1 null frequency did not deviate from most other Indian ethnic groups but differed from the majority of those of non Indian ethnicity studied. The frequency of homozygous null type of GSTT1 was significantly higher and deviated from all Indian groups and a few of non Indian ethnicity. Conclusions: Gujarat ethnicity, possibly the most susceptible for GSTT1 dependent drug disposition and diseases regarding effects of pollution. Further, the results have implications for GSTT1 dependent drugs used for treatment, a serious problem which needs to be solved by physicians and clinical researchers.

Impact of Tobacco on Glutathione S Transferase Gene Loci of Indian Ethnics

Senthilkumar, K.P.,Thirumurugan, Ramasamy Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

Background: Tobacco contains agents which generate various potent DNA adducts that can cause gene mutations. Production of DNA adducts may be neutralized by glutathione S transferase (GST) along with other phase I and phase II enzyme systems. The existence of null type of GST among the population increases the susceptibility to various disorders and diseases. The present study focuses on the impact of high tobacco usage and possible null type mutation in GST loci. Methods: Genotypes of GST were detected by multiplex polymerase chain reaction in unrelated 504 volunteers of high tobacco using natives of Gujarat. Allelic frequencies were calculated using Statistical Package for Social Studies-16 software. Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) was calculated using Chi square test. Two sided Fisher's significance test was used to compare allelic frequencies of different populations. Results: The frequency of homozygous null genotype of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were 20% (95% CI 16.7-23.9) and 35.5% (95% CI 31.4-39.9) respectively. The GSTM1 and GSTT1 null allele frequency distribution in the Gujarat population was significantly deviating from HWE. GSTT1 null frequency of Gujaratians was significantly higher and different to all reported low tobacco using Indian ethnics, while GSTM1 was not differing significantly. Conclusion: Tobacco usage significantly influences the rate of mutation and frequency of GSTT1 and M1 null types among the habituates. The rate of mutation in GSTT1 loci was an undeviating response to the dose of tobacco usage among the population. This mutational impact of tobacco on GSTT1 postulates the possible gene - environment interaction and selection of null genotype among the subjects to prone them under susceptible status for various cancers and even worst to cure the population with GSTT1 dependent drugs.

Understanding the molecular interaction and relaxation findings in amphiphilics on solution state using TDR

Senthilkumar P.,Vinoth K.,Maria Sylvester M.,Karunakaran D.J.S.Anand,Deshmukh Avadhut Ramrao,Hudge Pravin,Ganesh T.,Kumbharkhane A.C. 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.38 No.-

The dielectric behavior of stearic acid in 1,4-dioxane medium at various temperature 303 K–288 K and frequency regime (10 MHz–30 GHz) determined from the complex dielectric permittivity spectra obtained by Time Domain Reflectometry(TDR). In this frequency range, the dielectric study gives the electrostatic interaction as well as orientational polarizability of complex mixtures of long chain molecules significantly. Dielectric parameters were calculated from the complex spectra of the binary mixture by non linear least square fit method. The excess permittivity (εE), correlation factors were calculated for the binary system. Thermal parameters(ΔH-enthalpy, ΔS-entropy and ΔG-Gibbs free energy) were calculated and the direction of reaction is determined. The FTIR spectrum of the binary system recorded and the assignments are discussed. The FTIR spectral assignments confirm the molecular interactions.

Comparison of Various Strategies in DTFC Based Multilevel NPC Inverter Fed Induction Drive for Torque Ripple Reduction

P. Rajasekaran,V. Jawahar Senthilkumar 한국전기전자재료학회 2018 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.19 No.4

Multilevel inverters have become popular in recent years in high power applications; they provide an eff ective solution forincreasing power and minimizing the harmonics of AC waveforms. The fast response and robust method of conventionaldirect torque control are used in variable speed drives for the reduction of torque ripple. However, major problems occur atsteady-state notable torque, fl ux, and current pulsations in direct torque control drives. This paper presents various strategiesin the direct torque and fl ux control of induction motors for the reduction of torque ripple based on a multilevel neutral pointclamped (NPC) inverter. This kind of inverter is used to achieve better harmonic reductions than the traditional two-levelvoltage source inverters and the related control scheme serves to minimize semiconductor losses. The performance of aninduction motor depends upon a mathematical model that comprises the variations in parameters, common-mode voltage,noise, fl ux variation, and levels of harmonics in a machine. Here, the torque ripples and voltage saturations are the mostsubstantial problems in electrical drive applications. To overcome this problem, the direct torque and fl ux control (DTFC)technique based on multilevel NPC inverter topology is developed. Moreover, the various control strategies-based DTFC isproposed for the minimization of torque ripple in IM drives. An improved control scheme is used to optimize the regulationof torque and speed with less torque response. This paper proposes the comparative study of the THD analysis of diff erentcontrol techniques (PI, fuzzy, ANFIS) that is eff ectively used for harmonic moderation in the design of diff erent NPC multilevelinverter; this goal is achieved as shown from the comparison of simulation results using the MATLAB/SIMULINKenvironment.

Comprehensive characterization of novel bioplasticizer from Pandanus tectorius leaves: a sustainable biomaterial for biofilm applications

Senthilkumar Boominathan,Indran Suyambulingam,Sunesh Narayanaperumal,Divya Divakaran,P. Senthamaraikannan,Suchart Siengchin 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.11

Plasticizers are frequently employed as additives due to the poor strength of polymers. Many plasticizers are currently available in liquid form and as compounds derived from fossil fuels. These materials are not appropriate for the environment, which may have negative consequences on humans and other resources. Comparing liquid plasticizers to solid plasticizers, there exists an uncountable number of liquid plasticizers. Accordingly, our research based on the extraction of plasticizer from plant-based sources. The leaves of Pandanum tectorius are utilized for this purpose, and the plasticizer is extracted from the leaves via chemical processes such as amination, alkalization, and surface catalysis. To comprehend the properties of the plasticizer, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Ultraviolet Spectroscopy, and X-Ray diffraction analyses were performed. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrum analysis are used to determine the surface morphology of the isolated plasticizer. Thermogravimetric and differential thermogram analysis curves are used to examine the heat degradation behavior of the plasticizer. To examine the plasticizing effect of the plasticizer, a bio polymer polylactic acid is utilized and its mechanical properties are investigated. With a 5% loading of plasticizer, the tensile modulus and Young's modulus of composite films decreased, while the elongation break percent (70.46%) increased. The isolated plasticizer was soluble in water, and organic solvents, and had a molecular weight of 444.72. Plasticizer's glass transition temperature was also investigated and determined to be 73.46 °C. The plasticizer is reinforced with PLA to check the plasticizing effect and the reinforcement interface is also discussed using scanning electron microscope analysis.

GENERALIZED WEYL S THEOREM FOR ALGEBRAICALLY k-QUASI-PARANORMAL OPERATORS

D. Senthilkumar,P. Maheswari Naik,N. Sivakumar 충청수학회 2012 충청수학회지 Vol.25 No.4

An operator T 2 B(H) is said to be k-quasi-paranormal operator if kTk+1xk2 · kTk+2xkkTkxk for every x 2 H, k is a natu- ral number. This class of operators contains the class of paranormal operators and the class of quasi - class A operators. In this paper, using the operator matrix representation of k-quasi-paranormal op- erators which is related to the paranormal operators, we show that every algebraically k-quasi-paranormal operator has Bishop s prop- erty (¯), which is an extension of the result proved for paranormal operators in [32]. Also we prove that (i) generalized Weyl s theorem holds for f(T) for every f 2 H(¾(T)); (ii) generalized a - Browder s theorem holds for f(S) for every S Á T and f 2 H(¾(S)); (iii) the spectral mapping theorem holds for the B - Weyl spectrum of T.

Buckling Behaviour of Hollow Flange Channel Beam Sections in Bending

R. Senthilkumar,T. S. Sunil,P. Jayabalan 한국강구조학회 2019 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.19 No.5

The hollow fl ange beams are designed to take the advantages of hot-rolled steel sections in which area is concentrated away from the neutral axis and the ease of installation associated with cold-formed sections. The present study deals with the fl exural behaviour of hollow fl ange channel beams sections by Finite Element modeling using the general purpose fi nite element software ABAQUS. A Parametric study is carried out by varying the fl at width/thickness ratio, depth of the beam, depth of the hollow fl ange and length of the beam. The eff ects of distortional buckling on hollow fl ange channel beam are studied and fi nite element model results are compared with AS/NZS 4600:2005 code for cold-formed steel structures. It is found that code based design is economic for hollow fl ange beams which fail in lateral distortional buckling alone.

Experimental investigation and parametric optimization of stir casting process parameters for aluminium metal matrix composite

Vinothkumar S,Senthilkumar P 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2022 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.23 No.4

Metal matrix composite (MMC) is a composite material with a dispersed phase in a metallic matrix. In this work, the stircasting process is employed to fabricate aluminium MMC. The process parameters selected for this work are squeezepressure, squeeze time, die preheating temperature and stirring speed. The optimization of the process parameters arecarried out with an objective of the maximization of the tensile strength, compressive strength and hardness. Thealuminium scrap particles are used as the matrix material and alumina powder is used as the reinforcing material and itis mixed with this matrix material after preheating the same in the fabrication of the MMC. Regression equation for theresponses, ANOVA analysis and grey relational coefficient are analysed and the Grey relational grade is determined byintegrating the grey relational coefficient of the response variable and ranking is done. The analysis of variance isperformed for the tensile strength, compressive strength and hardness and the R-square value are found to be 92.7%,94.89% and 98.98% respectively.