Elevated anxiety, hypoactivity, memory deficits, decreases of brain serotonin and 5-HT-1A receptors expression in rats treated with omeprazole

Ali Sadia Basharat,Mahmood Khalid,Saeed Raheel,Salman Tabinda,Choudhary Muhammad Iqbal,Haleem Darakhshan Jabeen 한국독성학회 2021 Toxicological Research Vol.37 No.2

Omeprazole (OM) is one of the most prescribed drugs worldwide for the treatment of hyperacidity and gastric reflux. However, concerns regarding its safety have emerged recently, and the drug is reported to enhance the risk for anxiety and cognitive deficits, particularly in elderly patients. The present study investigated these adverse effects, if any, in adult male rats. Associated changes in brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) and dopamine metabolism and the expression of 5-HT-1A receptors in the raphe and hippocampus were also determined. The drug was injected i.p. in doses of 10 and 20 mg/ kg for 15 days. Both doses of OM decreased motor activity in an open field and impaired learning and memory in the Morris water maze test. Anxiety monitored in an elevated plus maze test was enhanced in rats treated with 20 mg/kg OM only. The levels of 5-HT and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and of homovanillic acid, a metabolite of dopamine, determined by HPLC-EC, were decreased in the brain of OM treated rats. The expression of 5-HT-1A receptor, determined by qRT-PCR, was reduced markedly in the hippocampus and moderately in the raphe. Our results provide evidence that OM use can reduce raphe hippocampal serotonin neurotransmission to lead to anxiety/depression and cognitive impairment. There is a need for increased awareness and prescription guidelines for therapeutic use of OM and possibly also other proton pump inhibitors.

Preparation and measurements of electrical and spectroscopic properties of sodium thiosulphate doped polyaniline

Sadia Ameen,Vazid Ali,M. Zulfequar,M. Mazharul Haq,M. Husain 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.3

Polyaniline has been synthesized and is doped with sodium thiosulphate. The doping of polyaniline (PANI) is done at two different time periods and DC conductivity is measured to see the effect of dopant. It has been observed that the crystallinity of PANI increases through doping which ultimately increases the conductivity. The conductivity result shows that the conduction is taking place through hopping process due to wide range of localized states present near the fermi level. Structural changes due to interaction of dopant species with PANI are studied through FTIR. Polyaniline has been synthesized and is doped with sodium thiosulphate. The doping of polyaniline (PANI) is done at two different time periods and DC conductivity is measured to see the effect of dopant. It has been observed that the crystallinity of PANI increases through doping which ultimately increases the conductivity. The conductivity result shows that the conduction is taking place through hopping process due to wide range of localized states present near the fermi level. Structural changes due to interaction of dopant species with PANI are studied through FTIR.

Electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of sulfamic acid doped polyaniline

Sadia Ameen,Vazid Ali,M. Zulfequar,M. Mazharul Haq,M. Husain 한국물리학회 2007 Current Applied Physics Vol.7 No.2

The temperature and frequency dependence of dielectric constant (e0) and dielectric loss (e00) is studied for dierent samples of poly-aniline (PANI), doped with dierent concentration of sulfamic acid in the frequency range (10100 kHz) and temperature range (300by the propagation of polaron through a conjugated polymer chain due to shifting of double bonds (alternation), which gives rise toelectrical conduction.

Simultaneous feature selection and discretization based on mutual information

Sharmin, Sadia,Shoyaib, Mohammad,Ali, Amin Ahsan,Khan, Muhammad Asif Hossain,Chae, Oksam Elsevier 2019 Pattern recognition Vol.91 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Recently mutual information based feature selection criteria have gained popularity for their superior performances in different applications of pattern recognition and machine learning areas. However, these methods do not consider the correction while computing mutual information for finite samples. Again, finding appropriate discretization of features is often a necessary step prior to feature selection. However, existing researches rarely discuss both discretization and feature selection simultaneously. To solve these issues, Joint Bias corrected Mutual Information (JBMI) is firstly proposed in this paper for feature selection. Secondly, a framework namely modified discretization and feature selection based on mutual information is proposed that incorporates JBMI based feature selection and dynamic discretization, both of which use a <I>χ</I> <SUP>2</SUP> based searching method. Experimental results on thirty benchmark datasets show that in most of the cases, the proposed methods outperform the state-of-the-art methods.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We address discretization and feature selection jointly with a single criteria. </LI> <LI> The proposed discretization method is dynamic and independent of classification algorithms. </LI> <LI> The amount of errors introduced for Relevancy, Redundancy and Complementary Information are derived analytically. </LI> <LI> It is also analytically shown that Relevancy, Redundancy and Complementary follows χ<SUP>2</SUP>-distribution. </LI> <LI> A χ<SUP>2</SUP>-based search is introduced to select a small set of features and to discretize them with small number of intervals. </LI> </UL> </P>

Clinico-Hematological Findings for Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma: an Institutional Experience

Sultan, Sadia,Irfan, Syed Mohammed,Parveen, Saira,Ali, Saif Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.8

Background: Classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) is a B-cell lymphoid neoplasm characterized by a distinctive biological behavior with potentially curable disease characteristics. It is an uncommon hematological malignancy which primarily affects younger individuals. The rationale of this study was to determine its clinico-hematological profile along with stage stratification in Pakistani patients. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, adult patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma were enrolled from January 2010 to December 2014. Results: Sixty two histopathologically confirmed cases of cHL were identified. There were 42 males and 20 females, with a male to female ratio of 2: 1. The mean age was $29.7{\pm}13.8$ years with the median age of 30 years. B symptoms were present in 72.5% of patients. Histopathologically, the mixed cellularity type constituted 62.9% of cases, followed by nodular sclerosis in 25.8%, lymphocyte predominant in 9.6% and lymphocyte depleted in 1.6%. Stages I and II were present in 43.5% of patients at disease presentation, with 56.4% in stages III and IV. Conclusions: Our analysis shows that clinico-pathological features of Hodgkin's lymphoma in Pakistan are comparable to published data. Mixed cellularity is the commonest histological variant and advanced stage at presentation are common findings in our patients.

Multiple Myeloma: a Retrospective Analysis of 61 Patients from a Tertiary Care Center

Sultan, Sadia,Irfan, Syed Mohammed,Parveen, Saira,Ali, Hamza,Basharat, Maria Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.4

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is an acquired clonal B-cell malignancy which primarily affects elderly individuals with an annual incidence of approximately 1% of all malignancies. Our aim is to study demographic and clinicopathological features of adult Pakistani MM patients at presentation. Materials and Methods: This single centre retrospective study extended from January 2010 to December 2014. Data were retrieved from the patients' maintained records on predetermined performa. Results: Overall, 61 patients were diagnosed at our institution with MM during the study period. There were 43 males and 18 females. Age ranged between 34 and 81 years with a mean of $56.1{\pm}12.8$ and a median of 57 years. The male to female ratio was ~2:1. Common presenting complaints included fatigue (81.9%), backache (80.3%) and bone pain (67.2%). Physical findings revealed pallor (44.2%) as a presenting clinical feature. The mean hemoglobin value was $8.9{\pm}1.7g/dl$ with a mean MCV of $85.3{\pm}11.0fl$. Severe anemia with hemoglobin <8.5 gm/dl was seen in 40.9%. The mean total leukocyte count was $8.9{\pm}8.2{\times}10^9/l$, the ANC was $5.0{\pm}3.1{\times}10^9/l$ and the mean platelet count was $188.4{\pm}150.6{\times}10^9/l$. Conclusions: MM in Pakistani patients is seen in a relatively young population with male preponderance. The majority of patients present with symptomatic anemia and backache to seek medical attention. However, clinico-pathological features appear comparable to the published literature.

Clinico-Hematological Profile and Risk Stratification in Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia: Experience from Pakistan

Sultan, Sadia,Irfan, Syed Mohammed,Tanveer, Quratulain,Ali, Navaira Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.17

Background: Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by sustained thrombocytosis and megakaryocytic hyperplasia. It is an uncommon hematological malignancy which primarily affects elderly individuals. The rational of this study was to determine its clinico-hematological profile along with risk stratification in Pakistan patients. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cross sectional study, 21 patients with ET were enrolled from January 2011 to December 2014. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 21. Results: The mean age was $56.7{\pm}19.0years$ (range 18-87) and the male to female ratio was 1:1.1. Of the total, 62% of patients were above 50 years of age. Overall 61.9% were diagnosed incidentally and were asymptomatic. In symptomatic patients, major complaints were weakness (19%); erythromelalgia (14.2%), transit ischemic attack (9.5%) and gastrointestinal bleed (4.7%). The mean hemoglobin count was $11.7{\pm}2.4g/dl$ with a total leukocyte count of $13.3{\pm}8.1{\times}10^9/l$ and platelets count of $1188.8{\pm}522.2{\times}10^9/l$. Serum lactate dehydrogenase, serum creatinine and uric acid were $454.3{\pm}127.8$, $1.2{\pm}0.5$ and $7.4{\pm}3.4$ respectively. According to risk stratification, 57.1% were in high risk; 23.8% in intermediate risk while 19.1% in low risk group. Conclusions: ET in our patients in Pakistan, unlike in the West, is seen in a relatively young population. Primarily patients were asymptomatic and risk stratification revealed predominance of high risk disease in our setting.

On some new fractional Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for convex and co-ordinated convex functions

Muhammad Aamir Ali,Huseyin Budak,Sadia Sakhi 강원경기수학회 2020 한국수학논문집 Vol.28 No.4

In this study, some new inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard type for convex and co-ordinated convex functions via Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals are derived. It is also shown that the results obtained in this paper are the extension of some earlier ones.

Fabrication & characterization of novel conductive nanomaterial, CaxCr0.5−xMg0.5Fe2O4

Sumaira Nosheen,Sadia Sagar Iqbal,Ali Bahadar,Nazia Hossain,Tasawar Shahzad 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.12

A novel conductive nano material, nano spinel ferrites having the composition of calcium chromium magnesium nanoferrites (CaxCr0.5xMg0.5Fe2O4), was fabricated via sol-gel auto combustion process. The main objective was to fabricate highly stable nanocomposite as conductive material. Reaction among highly pure grade magnesium nitrate Mg (NO3)2·6H2O, calcium nitrate Ca (NO3)2·4H2O, and chromium nitrate Cr (NO3)3·9H2O, ferric nitrate Fe (NO3)3·9H2O took place to fabricate the desired material and, later on, an inductance (L)--capacitance (C)--resistance (R) meter (LCR meter) was used to determine the conductive behavior of the material. During characterization, thermogravimetric study confirmed that the stable phase was obtained above 950 oC. Fabricated ferrite FTIR spectrum was observed between 400 cm−1 and 4,500 cm−1. The entire sample's structural investigation was carried out employing X-ray diffraction. Morphological analysis confirmed that particles possess angular structures having acute angles adjoining surfaces. During conductivity test, all fabricated nanoferrites presented that with the increase of frequency by LCR meter, AC conductivity had been increased. The outcome of doping of calcium on chromium magnesium nanoferrites on structural in addition to dielectric properties was synergistic.

Evaluation, Characterization and Molecular Analysis of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Soil in Peshawar, Pakistan

Ikram, Hira,Khan, Hamid Ali,Ali, Hina,Liu, Yanhui,Kiran, Jawairia,Ullah, Amin,Ahmad, Yaseen,Sardar, Sadia,Gul, Alia The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2022 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.50 No.2

Cellulases are a group of biocatalyst enzymes that are capable of degrading cellulosic biomass present in the natural environment and produced by a large number of microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, etc. In the current study, we isolated, screened and characterized cellulase-producing bacteria from soil. Three cellulose-degrading species were isolated based on clear zone using Congo red stain on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) agar plates. These bacterial isolates, named as HB2, HS5 and HS9, were subsequently characterized by morphological and biochemical tests as well as 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, the bacterial isolates were identified as Bacillus cerus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus stratosphericus. Moreover, for maximum cellulase production, different growth parameters were optimized. Maximum optical density for growth was also noted at pH 7.0 for 48 h for all three isolates. Optical density was high for all three isolates using meat extract as a nitrogen source for 48 h. The pH profile of all three strains was quite similar but the maximum enzyme activity was observed at pH 7.0. Maximum cellulase production by all three bacterial isolates was noted when using lactose as a carbon rather than nitrogen and peptone. Further studies are needed for identification of new isolates in this region having maximum cellulolytic activity. Our findings indicate that this enzyme has various potential industrial applications.