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Confucian Tradition and the Challenges of Trust and Accountability
Mo, Jong Ryn Institute for International Trade and Cooperation 2000 Asian International Studies Review Vol.3 No.2
This paper explores the relevance of culture for understanding the quality of governance in contemporary Korea. Beginning with definitions and dimensions of national culture, the paper gives a systemic description of the values and attitudes of contemporary Koreans. The effect of contemporary political culture on democratic performance is illustrated with and example of failed economic reforms before the 1997 economic crisis. Although some problems such as lack of pragmatism are or confucian origin, others, especially the lack of accountability, transparency or trust, cannot be attributed to Confucian tradition. Indeed, the paper argues that Confucian tradition is rich in ideas and practices promoting accountability, transparency and trust. Without fully understanding Confucian tradition, many scholars have been too hasty to associate contemporary Asian political culture with Confucianism. Furthermore, many traditional values and the institutions embodying them can teach us how to improve our governance. By asking what are truly traditional Confucian values and which among them are compatible with democracy, we can go a long way toward designing a system of confucian governance.
Effect of O<sub>2</sub> Pretreatment on Fluorinated Carbon Film Surfaces
Seong, Mi Ryn,Lee, Gye Young,Cho, Si Hyeong,Lim, Hyun Woo,Park, Jin Goo,Lee, Caroline Sunyong The Japan Institute of Metals 2009 MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS Vol.50 No.2
<P>Fluorocarbon (FC) film is used in micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) processes as an anti-stiction layer. We studied the effect of O<SUB>2</SUB> pretreatment on FC film using an X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS) and atomic force microscope (AFM) to measure the surface roughness and to characterize the composition of the film. CF and CF<SUB>3</SUB> were observed for all temperatures at 6.67 Pa. A high oxygen concentration was found in the film deposited at 250°C. An AFM analysis of the surface roughness showed agglomeration on the film surface, while none was found on the films deposited at 25°C and 100°C. Therefore, the O<SUB>2</SUB> pretreatment seemed to facilitate oxidation at a deposition temperature of 250°C. Since our results showed that a smooth anti-stiction layer could be deposited at 100°C without any oxidation occurring, the optimum conditions for FC deposition were 100°C at a pressure of 6.67 Pa. Therefore, this study showed an important relationship between O<SUB>2</SUB> pretreatment and deposition temperature.</P>