Kinetic favorability of Ru-doped LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ for high-power lithium-ion batteries

Chae, Ji Su,Jo, Mi Ru,Kim, Yong-Il,Han, Dong-Wook,Park, Sun-Min,Kang, Yong-Mook,Roh, Kwang Chul Elsevier 2015 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.21 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Pristine and Ru-doped LiNi<SUB>0.5</SUB>Mn<SUB>1.5</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> samples were synthesized using a simple carbon combustion method. Crystallographic analyses combining X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement confirmed that formation of the Li<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>Ni<SUB>1−<I>x</I> </SUB>O-like impurity phase is prevented and that the lattice parameter increases as a result of Ru doping. Furthermore, its structure is partially changed to the more disordered spinel phase (<I>Fd</I>3<I>m</I>). Both this structural change and the disappearance of the impurity phase greatly enhance the rate capability and cyclic retention of LiNi<SUB>0.5</SUB>Mn<SUB>1.5</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> LiNi<SUB>0.5</SUB>Mn<SUB>1.5</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> is doped with Ru<SUP>4+</SUP> to reduce the degree of cation ordering. </LI> <LI> Its structure is partially changed to more disordered spinel (<I>Fd</I>3<I>m</I>). </LI> <LI> This structural change is accompanied with the disappearance of impurity phase. </LI> <LI> These changes greatly enhance rate capability and cyclic retention of LiNi<SUB>0.5</SUB>Mn<SUB>1.5</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>. </LI> </UL> </P>

Insights into the Early Growth of Homogeneous Single-Layer Graphene over Ni–Mo Binary Substrates

Rü,mmeli, Mark H.,Zeng, Mengqi,Melkhanova, Svetlana,Gorantla, Sandeep,Bachmatiuk, Alicja,Fu, Lei,Yan, Chenglin,Oswald, Steffen,Mendes, Rafael G.,Makarov, Denys,Schmidt, Oliver,Eckert, Jü,r American Chemical Society 2013 Chemistry of materials Vol.25 No.19

<P>The employment of Ni–Mo films has recently been shown to yield strictly homogeneous single-layer graphene. In this study, we systematically investigate the different stages of nucleation and growth of graphene over Ni–Mo layers. The studies reveal that the Ni film breaks up and diffuses into the underlying Mo foil, forming a Ni–Mo intermetallic. Nucleation only occurs from Ni sites, and thus, the nucleation density can be controlled by the Ni film thickness. Both nucleation and growth of the graphene are shown to be susceptible to very efficient self-termination processes to the formation of molybdenum carbide, and this guarantees the formation of large area graphene that consists <I>entirely</I> of monolayer graphene.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2013/cmatex.2013.25.issue-19/cm4020783/production/images/medium/cm-2013-020783_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cm4020783'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

On the Role of Vapor Trapping for Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Grown Graphene over Copper

Rü,mmeli, Mark H.,Gorantla, Sandeep,Bachmatiuk, Alicja,Phieler, Johannes,Geißler, Nicole,Ibrahim, Imad,Pang, Jinbo,Eckert, Jü,rgen American Chemical Society 2013 Chemistry of materials Vol.25 No.24

<P>The role of sample chamber configuration for the chemical vapor deposition of graphene over copper was investigated in detail. A configuration in which the gas flow is unrestricted was shown to lead to graphene with an inhomogeneous number of layers (between 1 and 3). An alternative configuration in which one end of the inner tube (in which the sample is placed) is closed so as to restrict the gas flow leads a homogeneous graphene layer number. Depending on the sample placement, either homogeneous monolayer or bilayer graphene is obtained. Under our growth conditions, the data show local conditions play a role on layer homogeneity such that under quasi-static equilibrium gas conditions not only is the layer number stabilized, but the quality of the graphene improves. In short, our data suggests vapor trapping can trap Cu species leading to higher carbon concentrations, which determines layer number and improved decomposition of the carbon feedstock (CH<SUB>4</SUB>), which leads to higher quality graphene.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2013/cmatex.2013.25.issue-24/cm401669k/production/images/medium/cm-2013-01669k_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cm401669k'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Artificial Neural Networks in Sound Quality Design: An Application for Hair Dryers

Nurkan Turkdo?ru,H. Temel Belek 한국소음진동공학회 2003 한국소음진동공학회 국제학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.8

《논리학》과 《자본론》 (Logik und Kapital) - 《정치경제학 비판》의 방법에 대하여

R . 부르너 한국헤겔학회 1988 헤겔연구 Vol.4 No.1

댄스스포츠 참가와 대인관계 성향의 관계

이루지,강혜련 한국스포츠리서치 2005 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.16 No.2

This study was to analysis the relationship between the participation in dance sports and interpersonal relation disposition. Namely, there was to examine the difference according to the experience of participation in dance sports and the influence of the degree of participation on the interpersonal relation disposition. To attain the goal of the study described above paragraphs. the subject of this study were selected by cluster random sampling method. This study drew out and analyzed 390 people in total. The result of reliability check up was here below: Chronbach' α=.678. To analyze materials, ANCOVA and multiple regression were used as statistic analysis techniques. The conclusion based on above study method and the result of material analysis are here below. First. the experience of participation in dance sports influences on the interpersonal relation disposition. The participants in dance sports are higher than non-participants. Second, the degree of participation in dance sports influences on the interpersonal relation disposition. There was to influence of the frequency on the interpersonal relation disposition.

한국 무용수의 직무 스트레스와 직무만족에 관한 연구

이루지 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine job stress and job satisfaction of professional dancers. The 176 professional dancers were participated for accomplishing this purpose of the study, and responded to questionnaire about the sources of job stess and job satisfaction. the results of this study was as follows. First, there was a significant difference in job stress as a function of income in demographical characteristics of professional dancers. Second, there was a significant difference in job satisfaction as a function of age and marriage of demographical characteristics of professional dancers.

에지 기울기의 차를 이용한 개체 윤곽 추출

"정녀", "박정범", "장종환" 배재대학교 공학연구소 2015 공학논문집 Vol.17 No.1

기존의 능동윤곽모델은 스네이크 포인트를 개체 윤곽의 정점에 이동시키는 못하는 제약으로 코너 윤곽을 갖는 개체를 정확하게 추출하기가 어렵다. 그러므로 스네이크 포인트를 윤곽의 정점으로 이동시키기 위해 새로운 외부 에너지 함수를 제안한다. 기존의 방법은 에지의 크기 만을 이용하여 스네이크 포인트를 에지에 이동시킨다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 스네이크 포인트를 코너와 같은 에지 방향의 각도 차가 큰 곳에 이동시키는 에지 기울기의 각도 차를 이용한 새로운 개체 윤곽 추출 알고리즘에 제안한다. Most of previous snakes have limitation which snake points cannot successfully be moved forward to the vertex of object contour. The limitation cannot extract boundary of objects with vertex exactly. Therefore, a new external energy function is proposed for snake points to move forward the vertex of object boundary. As edge magnitude of image was used as an external energy in previous methods, snake point was moved to the edge of object. To solve this problem, a new method using degree difference of edge direction is proposed.

생활무용참여자들의 자아존중감에 따른 몰입행동 및 심리적 행복감

이루지 한국스포츠리서치 2005 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.16 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the flow behavior and psychological happiness as a function of self-esteem in life dance participants. Subjects of this study were the total 330 participants in life dance. The instrument was to assess flow experience. self-esteem and psychological happiness. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. there were difference in flow behavior as a function of participant carrier and age. and. there was difference in psychological happiness as a function of participant carrier and income. 2. there were difference in flow behavior and psychological happiness as a function of self-esteem. In Conclusions, Continuance participation in life dance is very important on flow experience and psychological happiness.

녹음 구어 제시가 중도정신지체 성인여성의 목욕 능력 개선에 미치는 효과

鄭如意,陳明聰,陳政見 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2006 再活科學硏究 Vol.24 No.2

1. This study aimed to explore the effect of recorded auditory prompts on helping an adult with profound mental retardation to take bath independently. 「A-B-C-A-C」design, a kind of single-subject experiment was adopted. Three phases, baseline phase, intervention phase(B): auditory prompt, and intervention phase(C): recorded auditory prompt were included. A female with profound mental retardation participated in the experiment. It took over seven months to finishing the intervention. The results of the experiment indicated that auditory prompts, whether human auditory prompt or recorded prompt, could help the client to take bath more independently. The families of the client also regarded recorded auditory prompt was a feasible solution. Based on the result, there were some suggestions for the further research. 본 연구의 목적은 녹음 구어 제시를 이용해서 극 중도 지능장애 성인 여성 스스로 목욕 동작을 완성 할 수 있도록 도와주는 효과에 대한 연구입니다. 본 연구에 사용하는 연구법은 &#8988;A-B-A-C-A-C&#8991;역 설계이다. 기선기의(A)개입一(B)인공구어제시 개입二(C)녹음 구어 제시로 나누어졌다. 실험기간은 모두 7개월 반이었다. 연구결과는 피 실험자가 스스로 목욕할 때와 비교했을 때 인공구어 제시와 녹음구어 제시는 모두 피 실험자가 목욕 동작을 완성 하는 데에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이 외에도 녹음 구어 제시는 피 실험자 가족들도 받아들일 수 있다. 본 연구 결과에 근거해서 연구자들은 미래 응용과 연구에 대한 건의도 제출하였다.