Accuracy of Ultrasonography in Early Pregnancy Diagnosis in Doe

Singh, N.S.,Gawande, P.G.,Mishra, O.P.,Nema, R.K.,Mishra, U.K.,Singh, Mohan Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.6

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography in early pregnancy diagnosis in goats. Ultrasonographic scanning with real time B-mode ultrasound machine having 5 MHz linear array transducer was performed on gravid uterus (n=24) obtained from slaughterhouse (Group I). Crown rump length (CRL) measured by ultrasound was found significantly different (p<0.05) with actual CRL measured after dissection in early pregnancy. However, age predicted by ultrasound through the measurement of CRL was found highly correlated (r=0.92) with age measured after dissection through CRL and the weight of fetus. Ages predicted by ultrasound through the measurement of trunk diameter (TD) and uterine diameter (UD) and ages measured after dissection were found highly and equally correlated (r=0.98) and did not differ significantly. Data from six does synchronized (Group II) with PGF2$\alpha$ (Estrumate) at 11 days apart were collected through ultrasound from 17 to 42 days post breding. The correlation between CRL and gestational age was high (r=0.97) in day 30 to 42 post breeding. A high coefficient of correlation (r=0.98) was also observed between predicated age by ultrasound and actual age calculated after kidding. The correlation between CRL and gestational age by the formula Y=(a+bX) i.e. Y=24.42+0.39 X where Y=gestational age and X=CRL, was recorded very high (r=0.99). Accuracy of ultrasonography was lowest on day 17 to 19 (66%) and reached 100% on day 34. Data from 30 does (group III) randomly subjected to only one time ultrasounds scanning to assess the accuracy of pregnancy diagnosis were also obtained. Ages predicted by TD and UD measurements were observed to be non-significantly different with actual age obtained after kidding and correlation between ages predicted by TD and UD measurement with actual age after kidding was found equally and highly correlated (r=0.98). The operator's accuracy in the whole experiment including all three groups was found to be 92%. The sensitivity was 93% and specificity was 86%. From the present study, it was observed that CRL was the most reliable parameter to find out gestational age in early pregnancy and the new formula derived was found very accurate to find out gestational age. TD and UD were also found to be equally reliable parameter to find out gestational age in mid and late stage of pregnancy through ultrasonography. It was concluded that ultrasonography by real time B mode with 5 MHz transrectal transducer was found to be reliable, safe and accurate and practicable means in diagnosing early pregnancy diagnosis as early as 25 days post breeding.

Calcium - Boron Interaction in Exopolysaccharide Production by the Cyanobacterium , Nostoc spongiae forme

(Singh),(Neetu),(R . K . Asthana),(S . P . Singh) 한국미생물생명공학회 2000 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.10 No.3

N/A N/A

치즈와 치아건강 역할

윤여창,R.S. Patel,E. Renner,S. Singh 한국낙농학회 1992 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.14 No.4

충치는 식품의 당질과 치아 플라그의 세균 사이의 상호작용의 결과이다. 플라그의 세균은 설탕과 같은 발효 가능한 당질을 유기산으로 분해한다. 이러한 산생성은 플라그의 pH를 저하시켜 충치가 시작되는데, pH 5.7 이상에서 치아는 안전하고 그 이하에서는 충치가 발생할 수 있다. 치즈는 다른 식품과 비교해서 충치효과의 가능성이 가장 적었다. 치즈가 충치효과가 적을 뿐 아니라 충치를 예방할 수 있는 가능성이 충분히 있다. 치즈에 풍부하게 존재하는 칼슘과 인이 이 과정에 작용하여 치아 건강에 탁월한 식품으로서 기능을 수행한다.

Molecular engineering of perylene-diimide-based polymer acceptors containing heteroacene units for all-polymer solar cells

Suranagi, Sanjaykumar R.,Singh, Ranbir,Kim, Joo-Hyun,Kim, Min,Ade, Harald,Cho, Kilwon Elsevier 2018 ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Vol.58 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Polymer acceptors based on perylene diimide (PDI) with three symmetrical S-heteroacene backbone units of different sizes were synthesized for use in all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). The effects of varying the size of the heteroacene unit on the backbone of the PDI polymer are evident in the absorption spectra and their energy level offsets, which are correlated with their morphological and photovoltaic properties. These newly synthesized polymers were employed as acceptors with the polymer poly[(2,5-bis(2-hexyldecyloxy)phenylene)-alt-(5,6-difluoro-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c]-[1,2,5]thiadiazole)] (PPDT2FBT) as the donor in all-PSCs that were found to exhibit modest power conversion efficiencies. The variations in photovoltaic properties of all-PSCs are investigated by characterizing the charge generation, carrier mobilities and recombination. The morphological disorder at the polymer/PPDT2FBT interface and average composition variations are revealed by using grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) and resonance soft X-ray scattering (R-SoXS) characterizations.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Three perylene diimide polymers with different S-heteroacene building blocks were synthesized for all-polymer solar cells. </LI> <LI> Effects of each building block on the optical, morphological, and photovoltaic properties are systematically investigated. </LI> <LI> Morphologies of polymer blends need an appropriate domain size and purity for better exciton dissociation and charge transport. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Batch and continuous reactor studies for the adsorption of As(III) from wastewater using a hybrid biochar loaded with transition metal oxides: Kinetics and mass transfer analysis

Arijit Dutta Gupta,Balendu Shekher Giri,Eldon R Rene,Preeti Chaturvedi,Mandavi Goswami,Harinder Singh 대한환경공학회 2021 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.26 No.6

As(III) presence in low concentration (1-5 mg/L) in water presents a challenging problem in its removal. In the present study, biochar prepared by the pyrolysis of mustard cake and loaded with Fe-Mn binary oxides through hydrothermal technique was used for adsorptive removal of As(III) from water in batch and continuous modes. The synthesised biochar exhibited mesoporous structures in the range of 2-50 nm (based on BET analysis). The maximum adsorption capacity (95.7 mg/g) obtained using biochar loaded with both Fe-Mn oxides was found to be 1.4 times higher than that of pristine biochar. The adsorption equilibria was best described by Freundlich isotherm (based on R² and χ²) suggesting that the As(III) adsorption was multilayered. The external mass transfer coefficients (βL = 10<SUP>-5</SUP> cm²/s) were observed to be higher than the film (Df = 10<SUP>-7</SUP> – 10<SUP>-9</SUP> cm²/s) and intraparticle (Di = 10<SUP>-9</SUP> cm²/s) diffusivities in batch mode. In column studies, Thomas model gave the best correlation coefficient (R² > 0.95) and the adsorption was limited by external mass transfer. Kinetic rate constant decreased with increase in initial As(III) concentration and flow rate. The oxide loaded biochar exhibited reusability up to three times for As(III) removal.

Batch and continuous reactor studies for the adsorption of As(III) from wastewater using a hybrid biochar loaded with transition metal oxides: Kinetics and mass transfer analysis

Arijit Dutta Gupta,Balendu Shekher Giri,Eldon R Rene,Preeti Chaturvedi,Mandavi Goswami,Harinder Singh 대한환경공학회 2021 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.26 No.6

As(III) presence in low concentration (1–5 mg/L) in water presents a challenging problem in its removal. In the present study, biochar prepared by the pyrolysis of mustard cake and loaded with Fe-Mn binary oxides through hydrothermal technique was used for adsorptive removal of As(III) from water in batch and continuous modes. The synthesised biochar exhibited mesoporous structures in the range of 2–50 nm (based on BET analysis). The maximum adsorption capacity (95.7 mg/g) obtained using biochar loaded with both Fe-Mn oxides was found to be 1.4 times higher than that of pristine biochar. The adsorption equilibria was best described by Freundlich isotherm (based on R2 and χ2) suggesting that the As(III) adsorption was multilayered. The external mass transfer coefficients (βL = 10−5 cm2/s) were observed to be higher than the film (Df = 10−7 – 10−9 cm2/s) and intraparticle (Di = 10−9 cm2/s) diffusivities in batch mode. In column studies, Thomas model gave the best correlation coefficient (R2 > 0.95) and the adsorption was limited by external mass transfer. Kinetic rate constant decreased with increase in initial As(III) concentration and flow rate. The oxide loaded biochar exhibited reusability up to three times for As(III) removal.

Mass transfer kinetics using two-site interface model for removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution with cassava peel and rubber tree bark as adsorbents

M. Vasudevan,P. S. Ajithkumar,R. P. Singh,N. Natarajan 대한환경공학회 2016 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.21 No.2

Present study investigates the potential of cassava peel and rubber tree bark for the removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution. Removal efficiency of more than 99% was obtained during the kinetic adsorption experiments with dosage of 3.5 g/L for cassava peel and 8 g/L for rubber tree bark. By comparing popular isotherm models and kinetic models for evaluating the kinetics of mass transfer, it was observed that Redlich-Peterson model and Langmuir model fitted well (R2 > 0.99) resulting in maximum adsorption capacity as 79.37 mg/g and 43.86 mg/g for cassava peel and rubber tree bark respectively. Validation of pseudo-second order model and Elovich model indicated the possibility of chemisorption being the rate limiting step. The multi-linearity in the diffusion model was further addressed using multi-sites models (two-site series interface (TSSI) and two-site parallel interface (TSPI) models). Considering the influence of interface properties on the kinetic nature of sorption, TSSI model resulted in low mass transfer rate (5% for cassava peel and 10% for rubber tree bark) compared to TSPI model. The study highlights the employability of two-site sorption model for simultaneous representation of different stages of kinetic sorption for finding the rate-limiting process, compared to the separate equilibrium and kinetic modeling attempts.

A family of hypergeometric integrals associated with Ramanujan's integral formula

H. M. Srivastava,M. I. Qureshi,R. Singh,A. Arora 장전수학회 2009 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.18 No.2

The main object of this paper is to investigate some interesting applications and generalizations of Ramanujan’s integral formula (which he obtained with the help of the celebrated Ramanujan Master Theorem). Motivated essentially by some recent works by M. Garg and S. Mittal (see, for example, [South East Asian J. Math. Math. Sci. 1 (2) (2003), 85–95]), we evaluate several general families of definite integrals involving functions of one and more complex variables, some of which are then applied to derive the corresponding results associated with the generalized hypergeometric function pFq and the Fox-Wright further generalizations denoted by p[수식]q and p[수식]q . An integral formula considered recently by R. P. Agarwal [Resonance of Ramanujan’s Mathematics, Vol. I, New Age International Publishers Limited, New Delhi, 1996], which is closely associated with the aforementioned Ramanujan’s result, is also corrected and modified here appropriately.

Validation of Neck Disability Index Severity among Patients Receiving One or Two-Level Anterior Cervical Surgery

Geoghegan Cara E.,Mohan Shruthi,Lynch Conor P.,Cha Elliot D. K.,Jacob Kevin C.,Patel Madhav R.,Prabhu Michael C.,Vanjani Nisheka N.,Pawlowski Hanna,Singh Kern 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.1

Study Design: Retrospective cohort. Purpose: To evaluate the validity of established severity thresholds for Neck Disability Index (NDI) among patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) or cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA). Overview of Literature: Few studies have examined the validity of established NDI threshold values among patients undergoing ACDF or CDA. Methods: A surgical database was reviewed to identify patients undergoing cervical spine procedures. Demographics, operative characteristics, comorbidities, NDI, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and 12-item Short Form (SF-12) physical and mental composite scores (PCS and MCS) were recorded. NDI severity was categorized using previously established threshold values. Improvement from preoperative scores at each postoperative timepoint and convergent validity of NDI was evaluated. Discriminant validity of NDI was evaluated against VAS neck and arm and SF-12 PCS and MCS. Results: All 290 patients included in the study demonstrated significant improvements from baseline values for all patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) at all postoperative timepoints (p<0.001) except SF-12 MCS at 2 years (p=0.393). NDI showed a moderate-to-strong correlation (r≥0.419) at most timepoints for VAS neck, VAS arm, SF-12 PCS, and SF-12 MCS (p<0.001, all). NDI severity categories demonstrated significant differences in mean VAS neck, VAS arm, SF-12 PCS, and SF-12 MCS at all timepoints (p<0.001, all). Differences between NDI severity groups were not uniform for all PROMs. VAS neck values demonstrated significant intergroup differences at most timepoints, whereas SF-12 MCS showed significantly different values between most severity groups. Conclusions: Neck disability is strongly correlated with neck and arm pain, physical function, and mental health and demonstrates worse outcomes with increasing severity. Previously established severity categories may be more applicable to pain than physical function or mental health and may be more uniformly applied preoperatively for cervical spine patients.

Prediction of Hybrid Performance Based on the Genetic Distance of Parental Lines in Two-Line Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids

Singh, Vikas Kumar,Upadhyay, Priti,Sinha, Pallavi,Mall, Ashish Kumar,Ellur, Ranjith K.,Singh, Atul,Jaiswal, Sanjay K.,Biradar, Sunil,Ramakrishna, S.,Sundaram, R.M.,Ahmed, Ilyas,Viraktamath, B.C.,Kole, 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1

A total of six TGMS (thermosensitive genic male sterile lines) and nine pollinator lines were subjected to molecular characterization using 48 genome-wide SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers. Cluster analysis revealed clear differentiation among the TGMS lines according to their source of origin. The SSR-based genetic distance between the hybrids of the parental lines ranged from 0.36 to 0.79 suggesting a high degree of genetic divergence. Among a set of 54 hybrids generated using parental lines, 32 showed better parent heterosis (+21.7%) while 19 showed mid-parent heterosis (+15.0%). For the trait yield per plant genetic distance (GD) was negatively correlated with $F_1$ performance (r = -0.202), mid-parent heterosis (r = $-0.325^*$; P < 0.05), and better parent heterosis (r = -0.261), while it was positively correlated with specific combining ability (r = 0.042). Based on the grouped genetic distance (GGD), the hybrid combinations were divided into four groups. The GGD showed linear correlation with hybrid performance within the group (GGD = 40 - 50: r = -0.07; GGD = 70 - 80: r = 0.32). This information can be utilized in the development of higher yielding, two-line rice hybrids through selection of intermediately diverse parental lines using GGD.