Accuracy of Ultrasonography in Early Pregnancy Diagnosis in Doe

Singh, N.S.,Gawande, P.G.,Mishra, O.P.,Nema, R.K.,Mishra, U.K.,Singh, Mohan Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.6

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography in early pregnancy diagnosis in goats. Ultrasonographic scanning with real time B-mode ultrasound machine having 5 MHz linear array transducer was performed on gravid uterus (n=24) obtained from slaughterhouse (Group I). Crown rump length (CRL) measured by ultrasound was found significantly different (p<0.05) with actual CRL measured after dissection in early pregnancy. However, age predicted by ultrasound through the measurement of CRL was found highly correlated (r=0.92) with age measured after dissection through CRL and the weight of fetus. Ages predicted by ultrasound through the measurement of trunk diameter (TD) and uterine diameter (UD) and ages measured after dissection were found highly and equally correlated (r=0.98) and did not differ significantly. Data from six does synchronized (Group II) with PGF2$\alpha$ (Estrumate) at 11 days apart were collected through ultrasound from 17 to 42 days post breding. The correlation between CRL and gestational age was high (r=0.97) in day 30 to 42 post breeding. A high coefficient of correlation (r=0.98) was also observed between predicated age by ultrasound and actual age calculated after kidding. The correlation between CRL and gestational age by the formula Y=(a+bX) i.e. Y=24.42+0.39 X where Y=gestational age and X=CRL, was recorded very high (r=0.99). Accuracy of ultrasonography was lowest on day 17 to 19 (66%) and reached 100% on day 34. Data from 30 does (group III) randomly subjected to only one time ultrasounds scanning to assess the accuracy of pregnancy diagnosis were also obtained. Ages predicted by TD and UD measurements were observed to be non-significantly different with actual age obtained after kidding and correlation between ages predicted by TD and UD measurement with actual age after kidding was found equally and highly correlated (r=0.98). The operator's accuracy in the whole experiment including all three groups was found to be 92%. The sensitivity was 93% and specificity was 86%. From the present study, it was observed that CRL was the most reliable parameter to find out gestational age in early pregnancy and the new formula derived was found very accurate to find out gestational age. TD and UD were also found to be equally reliable parameter to find out gestational age in mid and late stage of pregnancy through ultrasonography. It was concluded that ultrasonography by real time B mode with 5 MHz transrectal transducer was found to be reliable, safe and accurate and practicable means in diagnosing early pregnancy diagnosis as early as 25 days post breeding.

Crystallite size induced crossover from paramagnetism to superparamagnetism in zinc ferrite nanoparticles

Singh, J.P.,Gautam, S.,Srivastava, R.C.,Asokan, K.,Kanjilal, D.,Chae, K.H. Academic Press 2015 Superlattices and microstructures Vol.86 No.-

Present work investigates the crossover from paramagnetism to superparamagnetism as a function of crystallite size in zinc ferrite nanoparticles using near edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Synthesized paramagnetic and superparamagnetic nanoparticles exhibit presence of Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> and Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> ions with dominant concentration of Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> ions. Fe L- and O K-edges spectra of paramagnetic nanoparticles consist of more intense spectral features compared to that of superparamagnetic nanoparticles. This reflects enhanced t<SUB>2g</SUB> and e<SUB>g</SUB> symmetry states of Fe-O hybridized states in paramagnetic nanoparticles induced by increased degree of crystallization.

PHOTOPHYSICAL AND OPTICAL PROBE PROPERTIES OF 1-(p-N,N-DIMETHYLAMINOPHENYL)-4-PHENYL-2-METHYL-1E,3E-BUTADIENE

Singh, A.K.,Krishna, T.S.R. Korean Society of Photoscience 1997 Journal of Photosciences Vol.4 No.1

A hitherto unknown diphenylbutadiene analog viz. 1-(p-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)-4-phenyl-2-methyl-1E,3E-butadiene (10) has been prepared and its absorption, excitation, and fluorescent emission properties in different media including various organic solvents and aqueous bovine serum albumin (BSA) have been studied. For comparision, these properties have also been investigated for the parent diphenylbutadiene (2). Diene 10 exhibits solvent polarity/polarizability-sensitive fluorescence properties ($\lambda$$_{max}$, $\Phi$$_f$, $\tau$$_f$, K$_f$, f). It also binds to the hydrophobic domains of aqueous bovine serum albumin (BSA) with a binding constant of 3.89 x 10$^4$ M$^{-1}$. The relative fluorescence quantum yield of 10 increases, while, the fluorescence lifetime decreases with increasing concentration of-BSA. The results highlight the polar character of the singlet excited state of diphenylpolyenes and the utility of 10 as fluorescence probe for studying microenvironments of organized assemblies and biological supramolecular structures.

Calcium - Boron Interaction in Exopolysaccharide Production by the Cyanobacterium , Nostoc spongiae forme

(Singh),(Neetu),(R . K . Asthana),(S . P . Singh) 한국미생물생명공학회 2000 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.10 No.3

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Role of low energy transition metal ions in interface formation in ZnO thin films and their effect on magnetic properties for spintronic applications

Bhardwaj, Richa,Kaur, Baljeet,Singh, Jitendra Pal,Kumar, Manish,Lee, H.H.,Kumar, Parmod,Meena, R.C.,Asokan, K.,Hwa Chae, Keun,Goyal, Navdeep,Gautam, Sanjeev Elsevier 2019 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.479 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, X-ZnO/ZnO/Si(100) (X = Co, Ni and Cu) bilayer structure is fabricated using low energy ion implantation technique. Five different fluences 1 × 10<SUP>15</SUP>, 5 × 10<SUP>15</SUP>, 1 × 10<SUP>16</SUP>, 2.5 × 10<SUP>16</SUP> and 5 × 10<SUP>16</SUP> ions/cm<SUP>2</SUP> with 100 keV ion-beam energy were selected in order to implant the ions up to the depth of ≈44 nm as calculated through Stopping Range of Ion in Matter and Transport Range of Ions in Matter software. Structural modification was investigated by high resolution X-ray diffraction measurements in ZnO bilayer system. An observed systematic 2<I>θ</I> shift in (002) peak with increasing fluence implies increased density of implanted metal ions in ZnO matrix revealing the substitution of implanted ion at Zn-site. The mechanism of bilayer formation by ion-beam implantation technique has been discussed for metal-ions by investigating their interface properties. Atomic force microscopy reveals the morphological modification after ion implantation. Near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS) measurements at metal <I>K</I>- and <I>L</I> <SUB>3,2</SUB>-edges have been used to investigate the nature of implanted ions in terms of their valance state and local electronic environment. Further, O <I>K</I>-edge NEXAFS measurement for Ni-ZnO/ZnO/Si bilayer is highly sensitive to incident beam angles whereas no spectral change is seen for Zn <I>L</I>-edge measurements. The magnetic measurements were performed via vibrating sample magnetometer that showed the films are ferromagnetic at room temperature. The origin of ferromagnetism has been understood through defect mediated bound magnetic polaron model. Further, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy is also observed for Ni-ZnO/ZnO/Si bilayer structure at room temperature, which is correlated with the angle dependent O K-edge NEXAFS measurements. Fabrication of ZnO bilayer via ion implantation and investigation of above properties may prove useful in spin related and optoelectronic applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Observance of RTFM in metal ion-implanted Ni-ZnO/ZnO/Si bilayer </LI> <LI> HRXRD and NEXAFS measurements confirms the wurtzite phase and Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> substitution in ZnO matrix. </LI> <LI> Angle dependent NEXAFS measurements provides the evidence of observed PMA. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>Mechanism of ion beam interaction X (X = Co, Ni and Cu) with ZnO lattice forming X-ZnO/ZnO/Si(100) bilayer structure. Films were implanted using a multi cathode source of negative-ions by cesium sputtering (MC-SNICS) and with the increasing ion flux, X can undergo one of two mechanisms of either substituting the Zn-site or occupy interstitial position in ZnO matrix. Angle dependent O K-edge NEXAFS measurements provides the evidence of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in ZnO bilayer. </P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Observation ofX(3872)inB→X(3872)Kπdecays

Bala, A.,Bhardwaj, V.,Trabelsi, K.,Singh, J. B.,Abdesselam, A.,Adachi, I.,Aihara, H.,Arinstein, K.,Asner, D. M.,Aulchenko, V.,Aushev, T.,Ayad, R.,Aziz, T.,Bahinipati, S.,Bakich, A. M.,Bansal, V.,Barbe American Physical Society 2015 PHYSICAL REVIEW D - Vol.91 No.5

Validation of Neck Disability Index Severity among Patients Receiving One or Two-Level Anterior Cervical Surgery

Geoghegan Cara E.,Mohan Shruthi,Lynch Conor P.,Cha Elliot D. K.,Jacob Kevin C.,Patel Madhav R.,Prabhu Michael C.,Vanjani Nisheka N.,Pawlowski Hanna,Singh Kern 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.1

Study Design: Retrospective cohort. Purpose: To evaluate the validity of established severity thresholds for Neck Disability Index (NDI) among patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) or cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA). Overview of Literature: Few studies have examined the validity of established NDI threshold values among patients undergoing ACDF or CDA. Methods: A surgical database was reviewed to identify patients undergoing cervical spine procedures. Demographics, operative characteristics, comorbidities, NDI, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and 12-item Short Form (SF-12) physical and mental composite scores (PCS and MCS) were recorded. NDI severity was categorized using previously established threshold values. Improvement from preoperative scores at each postoperative timepoint and convergent validity of NDI was evaluated. Discriminant validity of NDI was evaluated against VAS neck and arm and SF-12 PCS and MCS. Results: All 290 patients included in the study demonstrated significant improvements from baseline values for all patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) at all postoperative timepoints (p<0.001) except SF-12 MCS at 2 years (p=0.393). NDI showed a moderate-to-strong correlation (r≥0.419) at most timepoints for VAS neck, VAS arm, SF-12 PCS, and SF-12 MCS (p<0.001, all). NDI severity categories demonstrated significant differences in mean VAS neck, VAS arm, SF-12 PCS, and SF-12 MCS at all timepoints (p<0.001, all). Differences between NDI severity groups were not uniform for all PROMs. VAS neck values demonstrated significant intergroup differences at most timepoints, whereas SF-12 MCS showed significantly different values between most severity groups. Conclusions: Neck disability is strongly correlated with neck and arm pain, physical function, and mental health and demonstrates worse outcomes with increasing severity. Previously established severity categories may be more applicable to pain than physical function or mental health and may be more uniformly applied preoperatively for cervical spine patients.

Prediction of Hybrid Performance Based on the Genetic Distance of Parental Lines in Two-Line Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids

Singh, Vikas Kumar,Upadhyay, Priti,Sinha, Pallavi,Mall, Ashish Kumar,Ellur, Ranjith K.,Singh, Atul,Jaiswal, Sanjay K.,Biradar, Sunil,Ramakrishna, S.,Sundaram, R.M.,Ahmed, Ilyas,Viraktamath, B.C.,Kole, 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1

A total of six TGMS (thermosensitive genic male sterile lines) and nine pollinator lines were subjected to molecular characterization using 48 genome-wide SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers. Cluster analysis revealed clear differentiation among the TGMS lines according to their source of origin. The SSR-based genetic distance between the hybrids of the parental lines ranged from 0.36 to 0.79 suggesting a high degree of genetic divergence. Among a set of 54 hybrids generated using parental lines, 32 showed better parent heterosis (+21.7%) while 19 showed mid-parent heterosis (+15.0%). For the trait yield per plant genetic distance (GD) was negatively correlated with $F_1$ performance (r = -0.202), mid-parent heterosis (r = $-0.325^*$; P < 0.05), and better parent heterosis (r = -0.261), while it was positively correlated with specific combining ability (r = 0.042). Based on the grouped genetic distance (GGD), the hybrid combinations were divided into four groups. The GGD showed linear correlation with hybrid performance within the group (GGD = 40 - 50: r = -0.07; GGD = 70 - 80: r = 0.32). This information can be utilized in the development of higher yielding, two-line rice hybrids through selection of intermediately diverse parental lines using GGD.

Prediction of Hybrid Performance Based on the Genetic Distance of Parental Lines in Two-Line Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids

Vikas Kumar Singh,Priti Upadhyay,Pallavi Sinha,Ashish Kumar Mall,Ranjith K. Ellur,Atul Singh,Sanjay K.Jaiswal,Sunil Biradar,S. Ramakrishna,R.M. Sundaram,Ilyas Ahmed,B. C. Viraktamath,C. Kole,Sukhpal S 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1

A total of six TGMS (thermosensitive genic male sterile lines) and nine pollinator lines were subjected to molecular characterization using 48 genome-wide SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers. Cluster analysis revealed clear differentiation among the TGMS lines according to their source of origin. The SSR-based genetic distance between the hybrids of the parental lines ranged from 0.36to 0.79 suggesting a high degree of genetic divergence. Among a set of 54 hybrids generated using parental lines, 32 showed better parent heterosis (+21.7%) while 19 showed mid-parent heterosis (+15.0%). For the trait yield per plant genetic distance (GD) was negatively correlated with F1 performance (r = -0.202), mid-parent heterosis (r = -0.325*; P < 0.05), and better parent heterosis (r = -0.261), while it was positively correlated with specific combining ability (r = 0.042). Based on the grouped genetic distance (GGD),the hybrid combinations were divided into four groups. The GGD showed linear correlation with hybrid performance within the group (GGD = 40 - 50: r = -0.07; GGD = 70 - 80: r = 0.32). This information can be utilized in the development of higher yielding,two-line rice hybrids through selection of intermediately diverse parental lines using GGD.

Substrate bias effects during diamond like carbon film deposition by microwave ECR plasma CVD

R.M. Dey,S.B. Singh,A. Biswas,R.B. Tokas,N. Chand,S. Venkateshwaran,D. Bhattacharya,N.K. Sahoo,S.W. Gosavi,S.K. Kulkarni,D.S. Patil 한국물리학회 2008 Current Applied Physics Vol.8 No.1

Diamond like carbon (DLC) coatings were deposited on silicon(11) substrates by microwave electron cyclotron resonance (ECR)plasma CVD process using a plasma of Ar and CH4 gases under the inuence of DC self bias generated on the substrates by applicationof RF (13.56 MHz) power. DLC coatings were deposited under the varying inuence of DC bias (. 60 V to. 150 V) on the Si substrates.atomic force microscopy (AFM), Hardness and elastic modulus determination technique, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM) and contact angle measurement. The results indicate that the lm grown at. 100 V bias has optimised propertieslike high sp3/sp2 ratio of carbon bonding, high refractive index (2.262.17) over wide spectral range 4001200 nm, low roughness of0.8 nm, high contact angle (80.) compared to the lms deposited at other bias voltages (. 60 V and . with each other and nd august explanation under the subplantation model for DLC growth.