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        Structural Transformation and Dyeing Performance of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Filament Using Dicationic Imidazolium Ionic Liquid

        Haiying Wang,Qiaoping Li,Linghua Zhuang,Guowei Wang,Jie Sun 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.1

        3,3'-[1,2-ethanediylbis (oxy-2,1-ethanediyl)]-bis[1-methyl-imidazolium]-dibromide (DImDBr), a gemini imidazolium ionic liquid, was synthesized for the modification and dyeing promotion of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) filaments. The results showed that parameters such as treatment temperature, time, and DImDBr concentration played a critical role on the tensile strength and tensile strength retention of modified PET filaments. The optimal treatment parameters of the PET filaments were 120 ℃ for 90 min with addition of 6 % ionic liquid. The influence of disperse dyeing parameters (temperature, time, and dye concentration) on DImDBr modified PET filaments were also studied. The disperse dyed PET filaments (after treatment with DImDBr) exhibited a desirable color strength (K/S value), excellent soap washing fastness, light fastness, and rubbing fastness. Furthermore, the native PET filaments and DImDBr treated PET filaments werecharacterized by FT-IR, XRD, DSC, TGA, and SEM. Density functional theory (DFT) simulation showed the presence of two kinds of hydrogen bonds (C-H/O and O-H/Br) and eight strong hydrogen bonds in the DImDBr/cis-PET monomers, while only three hydrogen bonds were found in the DImDBr/trans-PET monomers. The structural transformation from the crystalline phase to the amorphous phase (FT-IR, XRD, and DFT simulation) after DImDBr modification confirmed thedyeing promotion of PET filaments at lower temperature.

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        Environment matters: exploring the relationships between the classroom environment and college students’ affect in mathematics learning in China

        Wenlan Wang,Hongbiao Yin,Genshu Lu,Qiaoping Zhang 서울대학교 교육연구소 2017 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.18 No.3

        This study explored the relationships between Chinese college students’ perceptions of the classroom environment and some affective aspects in the study of mathematics. A total of 2529 students responded to three measures that were specifically designed to assess college students’ perceptions of the mathematics classroom environment, their emotional experiences and values of studying mathematics. Comparatively, the students had a higher score on the value of mathematics but lower scores on their emotional experiences of mathematics learning, and the characteristics of the classroom environment had some significant effects on the students’ emotional experiences and values of studying mathematics. The eight classroom environmental factors were categorised into three groups according to the nature and extent of their effects on students’ affect in mathematics learning. Although most classroom environmental factors had a positive impact on college students’ emotional experiences and values in the study of mathematics, the effects of two environmental factors, the difficulty of studying mathematics and teacher support, were of particular interest. Given these results, instructors are encouraged to leave more room for student autonomy, to adopt some innovative learning approaches to promote student collaboration and to pay close attention to the difficulty of the mathematics curricula and competition among students.

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        Epidemiological investigation and phylogenetic analysis of Classical Swine Fever virus in Yunnan province from 2015 to 2021

        Jun Yao,Linlin Su,Qiaoping Wang,Lin Gao,Jiarui Xie,Yuwen He,Xianghua Shu,Chunlian Song,Jun Chai,Yifang Zhang,Shibiao Yang 대한수의학회 2022 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.23 No.4

        Background: Classical swine fever virus (CSFV), the causative agent of classical swine fever (CFS), is a highly contagious disease that poses a serious threat to Chinese pig populations. Objectives: Many provinces of China, such as Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, and Liaoning provinces, have reported epidemics of CSFV, while the references to the epidemic of CSFV in Yunnan province are rare. This study examined the epidemic characteristics of the CSFV in Yunnan province. Methods: In this study, 326 tissue samples were collected from different regions in Yunnan province from 2015 to 2021. A reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), sequences analysis, and phylogenetic analysis were performed for the pathogenic detection and analysis of these 326 clinical specimens. Results: Approximately 3.37% (11/326) of specimens tested positive for the CSFV by RT-PCR, which is lower than that of other regions of China. Sequence analysis of the partial E2 sequences of eleven CSFV strains showed that they shared 89.0–100.0% nucleotide (nt) and 95.0–100.0% amino acid (aa) homology, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these novel isolates belonged to the subgenotypes 2.1c and 2.1d, with subgenotype 2.1c being predominant. Conclusions: The CSFV was sporadic in China’s Yunnan province from 2015 to 2021. Both 2.1c and 2.1d subgenotypes were found in this region, but 2.1c was dominant.

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