비율의 표시법과 세가지 용법

변낙문 한국수학교육학회 1966 수학교육 Vol.5 No.1

유자차 부산물을 이용한 유자 과편의 최적화 연구

남혜원,현영희,변진원 동아시아식생활학회 2004 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.14 No.6

This study was performed to develop a standardized recipe for yuza pyun made of citron juice that is by-product of citron tea, to increase the utilization of citron. The effects of mungbean starch(15%, 18%) and dilution ratio of yuza extract(100%, 75%, 50%) on the quality characteristics were evaluated. The quality characteristics of the samples were estimated in terms of sweetness, color difference, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation. Sweetness of the 18% mungbean groups were higher than 15% groups(p<0.001). The values of Hunter color system indicated that higher content of yuza extract tended to increase yellowness significantly(p<0.001). Texture profiles of hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess of yuzapyun showed no significant differences among samples. For sensory evaluation, color and sourness were decreased as yuza extract was diluted, whereas elasticity and sweetness were increased. Yuza pyun containing 18% of mungbean starch with 50% diluted extract was the most preferred in overall acceptability. According to multiple regression analysis, color, sweetness, elasticity and sourness(in order) were important control factors in overall acceptability.

KFL learners’ acquisition of Korean locative particles : A corpus-based contrastive interlanguage analysis

Danielle Ooyoung Pyun,Miri K. Chung,Ho Jung Choi 고려대학교 언어정보연구소 2013 언어정보 Vol.17 No.-

Pyun, Danielle O., Chung, Miri K. & Choi, Ho Jung. 2013. KFL learners’ acquisition of Korean locative particles: A corpus-based contrastive interlanguage analysis. Language Information. Volume 17. 23-46. Adopting the contrastive interlanguage analysis methodology, this study investigates KFL (Korean as a Foreign Language) learners’ acquisition of Korean locative case particles. A learner corpus compiled from eighty-seven intermediate learners of Korean was compared with a native speaker corpus on the frequency distribution of the five semantic categories of the Korean locative case (i.e, static location, dynamic location, time, goal, and source). In addition, learner errors on the use of locative case particles were quantified and examined according to the five semantic categories. The results of this study showed that KFL learners’ use of locative case particles substantially deviated from native speakers’ usage in frequency. Learners’ inaccurate and limited use of locative case particles were attributed to such factors as L1 transfer, overgeneralization, prior input, and interlanguage development.

Poems and Essays

Pyun Yung-ro The Academy of Korean Studies 1965 Korea Journal Vol.5 No.5

AN OVERVIEW OF THE HEALTH INSURANCE DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS IN KOREA

Moon, Ok Pyun,M. D. 대한보건협회 1977 대한보건연구 Vol.3 No.1

Monitoring of streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin residual levels in porcine meat press juice and muscle via solid-phase fluorescence immunoassay and confirmatory analysis by liquid chromatography after post-column derivatization

Pyun, Chang-Won,Abd El-Aty, A. M.,Hashim, M. M. M.,Shim, Jae-Han,Lee, Si-Kyung,Choi, Kang-Duk,Park, Kwan-Ha,Shin, Ho-Chul,Lee, ChiHo John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2008 Biomedical chromatography Vol.22 No.3

<P>A solid-phase fluorescence immunoassay (SPFIA) that was primarily developed for detection of antibiotic residues in milk was qualitatively applied for the pre-screening of the residues of aminoglycoside antibiotics, streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin, in meat press juice. The confirmation of both analytes was performed using a validated method of highperformance liquid chromatography with post-column derivatization. The analytical performance was demonstrated by the analysis of pork meat samples spiked at three concentration levels, ranging from 0.25 to 2.5 ppm for each analyte. In general, the recoveries ranged from 80.4 to 81.5% and from 79.6 to 84.4% for streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin, respectively, with relative standard deviations lower than 6%. The limits of detection were 0.1 and 0.15 ppm for streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin, respectively, and the limits of quantification of 0.35 and 0.5 ppm are below the maximum residue limits of Codex, the European Union, and the Korean Food and Drug Administration (ranging from 0.5 to 0.6 ppm). Eight real samples collected from the Seoul area were first monitored using SPFIA, and none of them were found positive. These findings are in good accordance with those observed by HPLC analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to monitor the aminoglycoside residues in pork meat press juice using SPFIA. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

Reactions of 4-Nitrophenyl 2-Thiophenecarboxylates with R₂NH/R₂NH₂⁺ in 20 mol % DMSO (aq). Effects of 5-Thienyl Substituent and Base Strength

Pyun, Sang Yong,Cho, Bong Rae Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.7

Reactions of 4-nitrophenyl 2-thiophenecarboxylate (1a-e) with $R_2NH/R_2NH{_2}^+$ in 20 mol % DMSO (aq) have been studied kinetically. The $2^{nd}$ order kinetics, ${\beta}_{nuc}$ = 0.88-0.98, and linear Hammett and Yukawa-Tsuno plots observed for these reactions indicate an addition-elimination mechanism in which the $2^{nd}$ step is rate limiting. The ${\beta}_{nuc}$ value increased with a stronger electron-withdrawing 5-thienyl substituent, the Hammett plots are linear except for X = MeO, and Yukawa-Tsuno plots are linear with ${\rho}$ = 0.79-1.32 and r = 0.28-0.93, respectively. The ${\rho}$ value increased and r value decreased with a stronger nucleophile, indicating an increase in the electron density at the C=O bond and a decrease in the resonance demand. These results have been interpreted with enhanced N-C bond formation in the transition state with the reactivity increase.

Epistasis between <i>IGF2R</i> and <i>ADAMTS19</i> polymorphisms associates with premature ovarian failure

Pyun, J.-A.,Kim, S.,Cha, D.H.,Kwack, K. Oxford University Press 2013 Human reproduction Vol.28 No.11

<P><B>STUDY QUESTION</B></P><P>Do single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or synergistic interactions between SNPs and diplotypes within the insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (<I>IGF2R</I>) and ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 19 (<I>ADAMTS19</I>), contribute to premature ovarian failure (POF)?</P><P><B>SUMMARY ANSWER</B></P><P>Synergistic interactions were detected between SNPs, including a non-synonymous SNP, and diplotypes within <I>IGF2R</I> and <I>ADAMTS19</I> which may contribute to POF; however, there was no correlation with POF in a single SNP model after Bonferroni correction.</P><P><B>WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY</B></P><P>IGF2R regulates free IGF2 level, which is involved in steroidogenesis in bovine granulosa cells. <I>ADAMTS19</I> expression is higher in the murine embryonic ovary than in the embryonic testis during sexual differentiation, and an <I>ADAMTS19</I> SNP (rs246246) showed a possible association with POF in a genome-wide association study in Caucasian women.</P><P><B>STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION</B></P><P>This study analyzed interactions between SNPs and diplotypes within <I>IGF2R</I> and <I>ADAMTS19</I> as well as SNPs within the two genes. In Stage I, a total of 120 patients with POF and 152 female controls were recruited. All patients were diagnosed with POF at the CHA hospital in Seoul, Korea, and were recruited between 1994 and 2004. The 152 controls were recruited from Chungju, Korea, as part of another study that was conducted from April 2002 to March 2004. For Stage II, we obtained genotype data for an additional 1641 female controls, recruited in Ansung and Ansan from 2001 to 2008, from the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study (KoGES).</P><P><B>PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS</B></P><P>In Stage I, the GoldenGate assay with VeraCode technology was used to genotype SNPs in <I>IGF2R</I> and <I>ADAMTS19</I>. In Stage II, we obtained genotype data for <I>IGF2R</I> and <I>ADAMTS19</I> using Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP array 5.0 and imputed data by the IMPUTE program from the KoGES. To identify POF-associated SNPs, logistic regression analysis in an additive model was performed using the PLINK tool. Synergistic interactions between SNPs and diplotypes within <I>IGF2R</I> and <I>ADAMTS19</I> were analyzed by logistic regression analysis in three alternative models.</P><P><B>MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE</B></P><P>In Stage I, 13 combinations of SNPs showed significant synergistic interactions after Bonferroni correction [the strongest association had odds ratio (OR) = 5.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.26–14.75, <I>P</I> = 0.00025]. In Stage II and combined analyses, two and four combinations, respectively, of the significant results in Stage I showed significant synergistic interactions after Bonferroni correction. For interactions between diplotypes in block 2 of <I>IGF2R</I> and block 3 of <I>ADAMTS19</I> in Stage I, we found 17 synergistic interactions with <I>P</I> < 0.0001, but there was no significant interaction after Bonferroni correction. In Stage II and combined analyses, we found that three and seven combinations in the same blocks, respectively, showed significant synergistic interactions after Bonferroni correction (strongest association: OR = 4.12, 95% CI: 2.22–7.62, <I>P</I> = 6.74E−06).</P><P><B>LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION</B></P><P>The sample size for patients with POF in this study was small but, compared with recent reports describing associations between SNPs and POF and considering the low prevalence of POF (1%), the sample size is considered to be reasonable. These results should be confirmed in large-scale studies involving different ethnic groups.</P><P><B>WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS</B></P><P>Our results may ultimately provide predictive markers for women at a high risk of POF.</P><P><B>STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS</B></P><P>This study was supported by grants from Basic Science Research Program t

The Korean Theology - A Yellow Theology

PYUN SUN-HWAN(서평자) The Academy of Korean Studies 1973 Korea Journal Vol.13 No.3

Achalasia Previously Diagnosed as Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease by Relying on Esophageal Impedance-pH Monitoring: Use of High-Resolution Esophageal Manometry in Children

Pyun, Jung Eun,Choi, Da Min,Lee, Jung Hwa,Yoo, Kee Hwan,Shim, Jung Ok The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2015 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.18 No.1

Gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) is the most common esophageal disorder in children. Achalasia occurs less commonly but has similar symptoms to GERD. A nine-year old boy presented with vomiting, heartburn, and nocturnal cough. The esophageal impedance-pH monitor revealed nonacidic GERD (all-refluxate clearance percent time of 20.9%). His symptoms persisted despite medical treatment for GERD, and he was lost to follow up. Four years later, he presented with heartburn, solid-food dysphagia, daily post-prandial vomiting, and failure to thrive. Endoscopy showed a severely dilated esophagus with candidiasis. High-resolution manometry was performed, and he was diagnosed with classic achalasia (also known as type I). His symptoms resolved after two pneumatic dilatation procedures, and his weight and height began to catch up to his peers. Clinicians might consider using high-resolution manometry in children with atypical GERD even after evaluation with an impedance-pH monitor.