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Toward a Buddhist Feminism : Mahayana Sutras, Feminist Theory, and the Transformation of Sex
Owen, Lisa Battaglia Ewha Womans University Press 1997 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.3 No.4
This study establishes an enlightening dialogue between Buddhism and feminism with the goal of creating a Buddhist feminist discourse. Specifically, it aims to provide a new feminist perspective on identity, sex, gender, and liberation through the feminist appropriation and critique of Mahayana sex-change sutras. Mahayana sex-change sutras, in which a female bodhisattva engages (or refuses to engage) in sexual transformation in order to attain Buddhahood, are analyzed within their orginal, androcentric context and underlying Buddhist doctrines are highlighted. The sex-change sutras are then juxtaposed with contemporary poststructuralist feminist theory and evaluated as models for a new Buddhist feminism. In the course of this analysis, basic Buddhist concepts are introduced, the problem of androcentrism with respect to Buddhism's institutionalization and textual preservation is discussed, and points of conjunction betweed Buddhism and feminism are emphasized. The creation of a Buddhist feminist discourse breaks its long chain of androcentrism; challenges foundationalist and essentialist thinking; and presents feminists with new avenues for theorizing identity, women, sex, gender, and liberation.
Review of Variable-flux Permanent Magnet Machines
Owen, R.L.,Zhu, Z.Q.,Wang, J.B.,Stone, D.A.,Urquhart, I. Journal of International Conference on Electrical 2012 Journal of international Conference on Electrical Vol.1 No.1
Variable-flux permanent-magnet machines (VFPM) are of great interest and many different machine topologies have been documented. This paper categorizes VFPM machine topologies with regard to the method of flux variation and further, in the case of hybrid excited machines with field coils, with regard to the location of the excitation sources. The different VFPM machines are reviewed and compared in terms of their torque density, complexity and their ability to vary the flux.
Beliefs of University Employees Leaving During a Fire Alarm: A Theory-based Belief Elicitation
Owens Christopher,Le Aurora B.,Smith Todd D.,Middlestadt Susan E. 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2023 Safety and health at work Vol.14 No.2
Background: Despite workplaces having policies on fire evacuation, many employees still fail to evacuate when there is a fire alarm. The Reasoned Action Approach is designed to reveal the beliefs underlying people's behavioral decisions and thus suggests causal determinants to be addressed with interventions designed to facilitate behavior. This study is a uses a Reasoned Action Approach salient belief elicitation to identify university employees' perceived advantages/disadvantages, approvers/disapprovers, and facilitators/barriers toward them leaving the office building immediately the next time they hear a fire alarm at work. Methods: Employees at a large public United States Midwestern university completed an online cross-sectional survey. A descriptive analysis of the demographic and background variables was completed, and a six-step inductive content analysis of the open-ended responses was conducted to identify beliefs about leaving during a fire alarm. Results: Regarding consequence, participants perceived that immediately leaving during a fire alarm at work had more disadvantages than advantages, such as low risk perception. Regarding referents, supervisors and coworkers were significant approvers with intention to leave immediately. None of the perceived advantages were significant with intention. Participants listed access and risk perception as significant circumstances with the intention to evacuate immediately. Conclusion: Norms and risk perceptions are key determinants that may influence employees to evacuate immediately during a fire alarm at work. Normative-based and attitude-based interventions may prove effective in increasing the fire safety practices of employees.
The Myonjujon Documents: Accounting Methods and Merchants` Organisations in Nineteenth Century Korea
( Owen Miller ) 성균관대학교 동아시아학술원 2007 Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.7 No.1
The Myonjujon documents are a varied collection of mainly accounting documents from late nineteenth century Seoul that once belonged to the guildhall of the Choson capital`s guild of domestic silk merchants-the Myonjujon. This paper looks at what these documents can tell us about the way the merchants of this period and their guilds organised the information that they needed to keep track of, and what sorts of bookkeeping methods they employed. Although the Myonjujon was a merchants` organisation, its account books actually appear to be rather similar to those created by clan organisations, since the guild was, basically, a non-profit making organisation whose aim was to protect its members` interests and regulate relations with the government. But while these were not accounts created by merchants focused primarily on making profits, their complexity, accuracy and the diversity of ways in which they organise information reflect the importance and complexity of the tasks which the guild had to fulfil.
Locacorten Vioform Ototoxicity Upon Guinea Pig Middle Ear Application
Owen Woods,Issam Saliba 대한청각학회 2018 Journal of Audiology & Otology Vol.22 No.2
Locacorten Vioform (Novartis UK) is frequently prescribed forotomycosis. Its component, Clioquinol, also has anti-bacterial properties. Up to this point, itsototoxic potential has not been evaluated. Our objective aims to evaluate Locacorten Vioform’spotential ototoxicity when applied directly to the middle ear cavity. Materials andMethods: We performed an experimental prospective animal study in our animal researchcenter with 20 Hartley guinea pigs divided into 2 groups. The first group (experimental) wastreated with Locacorten Vioform in one ear and with a physiologic saline solution in the other. The second group (positive control) was treated with concentrated gentamycin in one earand physiologic saline in the other. Auditory brainstem response measurements were obtainedbefore and after three sets of injections. Statistics were analyzed using a varianceanalysis with repeated measures. The histological state of cochlear outer hair cells was comparedbetween the two groups using scanning electron microscopy. Results: Average hearingloss in ears treated with Locacorten Vioform was 32.1 dB, compared with a 2.5 dB averageloss in the saline-treated ears. Ears treated with gentamycin lost an average of 33.0 dB. There were clinically and statistically significant differences between the two ears of the guineapigs in both groups (p<0.001). Scanning electron microscopy revealed severe pericochlearand cochlear inflammation and ossification in the Locacorten Vioform-treated ears. Gentamycin caused significant destruction of outer hair cell architecture. Conclusions: LocacortenVioform induces a hearing loss similar to that caused by gentamycin when applieddirectly to the middle ear of a guinea pig model. Electron microscopy indicates a pericochlearand cochlear inflammatory reaction with ossification.