Taxonomic revision of the tribe Danaini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Danainae) from Myanmar

Nan Zarchi Win,최은영,최종봉,박진영,박종균 국립중앙과학관 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.10 No.2

The tribe Danaini is reviewed for the first time from Myanmar. Ten species of four genera belonging to two subtribes are taxonomically described. Identification keys for the subtribes, the genera, and all species are provided. The adult illustrations for all examined species are also presented.

미얀마 과수원에서 과실파리 발생에 관한 연구

Nan Zarchi Win,Khin Mi Mi,Thi Tar Oo,Kyaw Kyaw Win,박진영,박종균 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.53 No.4

2010년부터 2011년까지 미얀마 예진 지역의 과수원에서 methyl eugenol trap을 이용하여 과수원 해충인 과실파리에 대한 발생빈도와 피해정도에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 망고, 구아바, 대추나무를 대상으로 과실파리의 발생 정도를 알아보고 아울러 강수량, 온도, 습도, 일조시간 등 발생과 기후적요인과의 상호관계 등을 분석하였다. 그 결과 회귀분석에서 강수, 최저온도 그리고 상대습도는 과실파리의 발생에 긍정적인 영 향을 주었고 반면에 일조량은 발생을 억제하는 요인으로 작용하였다. 그리고 Bactrocera arecae, B. carambolae, B. correcta, B. dorsalis, B. kandiensis, B. latilineola, B. malaysiensis, B. neocognata, B. raiensis, B. verbascifoliae와 Carpomya vesuvina 등, 모두 11종의 과실파리가 조사되 었고, 그 중 B. correcta와 B. dorsalis가 29.3%와 28.6%로 많은 개체수를 나타내었다. 구아바가 가장 피해가 심했고(59±15.4), 다음은 망고였으 며(35.5±12.1), 반면에 대추에서 가장 낮은 비율을 보였다(18.5±7.9). Population of fruit flies was monitored by using methyl eugenol trap during 2010-2011 in Yezin, Myanmar. Population numbers were analyzed with meteorological factors including rainfall, temperature, relative humidity and duration of sunshine. Samples of mango, guava, and jujube fruits were collected from orchards. The fruits were kept in containers so that the species of flies infesting the fruit could be identified when the adult insects emerged and to assess damage caused by fruit flies. Regression analyses indicated that populations of fruit flies were observed to be positively correlative with rainfall, minimum temperature and relative humidity, and negatively correlative with the duration of sunshine. Eleven species of fruit flies, Bactrocera arecae, B. carambolae, B. correcta, B. dorsalis, B. kandiensis, B. latilineola, B. malaysiensis, B. neocognata, B. raiensis, B. verbascifoliae, and Carpomya vesuvina, were identified. B. correcta and B. dorsalis were the most abundant and accounted for 29.3% and 28.6% of total emerged adults in the different fruit samples. The highest percentage of fruit damage was observed on guava (59±15.4), followed by mango (35.5±12.1) while the lowest was recorded on jujube (18.5±7.9).

Molecular comparison of the genus Junonia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Myanmar

Nan Zarchi Win,최은영,장덕진,박진영,박종균 국립중앙과학관 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.8 No.4

Molecular comparison of species belonging to the genus Junonia collected from Myanmar was completed using mtDNA sequence data from 605-bp cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). Six species were sequenced, aligned, and used to construct phylogenetic trees. The base composition of the COI sequences was 37.8% T, 15.4% C, 31.4% A, and 15.4% G, revealing strong AT bias (69.2%). The sequence distance of Junonia ranged from 1.5% to 9.0%. Nucleotide substitution primarily occurred through transition rather than transversion. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood methods, using Hypolimnas misippus as the outgroup. Both trees had almost identical topologies. All COI sequences of each species fell in the same cluster as those of the same species obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Species in Junonia exhibited the following relationships: (((J. orithya + J. hierta) + J. lemonias lemonias) + J. almana almana) + (J. atlites + J. iphita). The clustering results were almost identical to current morphological classification.

Taxonomic review of Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from Myanmar

Nan Zarchi Win,Eun Young Choi,Jong Kyun Park 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

This paper provides keys to tribes, genera and species and synonymic lists for the 14 butterfly species belonging to eight genera of Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from Myanmar: Junonia hierta (Fabricius), Junonia orithya (Linnaeus), Linnaeus),Junonia lemonias (Linnaeus), (Linnaeus), iphitaCramer), Vanessa indica (Herbst), Symbrenthia lilaea (Hewitson), Yoma sabina (Cramer), Polygonia c-aureum (Linnaeus), Hypolimnas misippus (Linnaeus), Hypolimnas bolina (Linnaeus), Kallima limborgi (Moore), Kaniska canace (Linnaeus). Species accounts include taxonomic description, distributional ranges and adult illustration are briefly described.

Species Richness of Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Incidence of Bactrocera Species on Mango, Guava and Jujube during Fruiting Season in Yezin Area in Myanmar

Nan Zarchi Win,Daw Khin Mi Mi,Thi Tar Oo,Kyaw Kyaw Win,Jong Kyun PARK 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.04

The experiments were conducted from April, 2010 to July, 2011 to explore the species richness of fruit fly and to observe the incidence of Bactrocera species by using Methyl Eugenol trap. In the first experiment, 11 species such as Bactrocera arecae, B. carambolae, B. dorsali, B. kandiensis, B. latilineola, B. malaysiensis, B. neocognata, B. raiensis, B. verbascifoliae, B. correcta and Carpomya pardalina were recorded. All species except Carpomya pardalina were observed in mango. Eight species in guava and five species in jujube were recorded. Bactrocera dorsalis was found to be the most abundant in mango and guava, and B. correcta in jujube. During the second experimental period, the experimental area can be recorded as an infested area because index of fruit fly population captured in traps, FTD (flies/trap/day), was seven. The highest population (437 flies/trap/week) was observed on May 26 in mango orchard. The number of fruit flies was observed to be significant positive correlation with weekly rainfall (R2 = 0.67 in mango, R2 = 0. 34 in guava and R2 = 0.43 in jujube) and relative humidity (R2 = 0.65 in mango), and negative correlation with mean temperature (R2 = 0.72 in mango) and sunshine hour (R2 = 0.61 in mango and R2 = 0.33 in jujube).

Sequence Divergence of Genus Junonia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from Myanmar

Nan Zarchi Win,Eun Young Choi,Ik Je Choi,Deok-Jin Jang,Jong Kyun Park 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.04

Pansies butterflies belong to the genus Junonia are widely distributed throughout Myanmar and 6 species of Junonia have been reported in Myanmar. Molecular comparison of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) nucleotide sequences among the species of Junonia was conducted. The nucleotides divergence of COI sequences between species were 2.9 to 7.9% and sequences identity was 92.5-97.7%. The phylogenetic trees were constructed by using Neighbour-joining (NJ) and Maximum likelihood (ML) methods. In both methods, phylogentic trees were showed identical and were revealed that all sequences of Junonia species from Myanmar were in the same cluster with those of the same species from other countries.

Introduction of good insect collection sites of Myanmar

Nan Zarchi Win,Jinyoung PARK,Jong Kyun PARK 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.10

Being a country with diverse geophysical features and climate, Myanmar scores as one of the richest biological reservoirs in Asia. Myanmar has a rich diversity of flora and fauna, about 68 swallow tail butterflies represent 12% of the world total making it the fifth richest country in the world. Myanmar has a lot of protected areas such as national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and botanical gardens. Among them best to be observed for insects collection are Alaungdaw Kathapa National Park in Sagaing region, Popa Mountain National Park in Mandalay, Mount Victoria National Park and Nat Ma Taung in Chin state. Forest and vegetation types, wildlife, location and access to these parks were presented.

Taxonomic review of the tribe Junoniini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Nymphalinae) from Myanmar

Nan Zarchi Win,최은영,박진영,박종균 국립중앙과학관 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.9 No.3

This paper provides keys to the genera and species for the butterfly species belonging to the tribe Junoniini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from Myanmar. Species accounts include taxonomic description, synonymic lists, distributional ranges, and adult illustrations of nine species: Junonia hierta (Fabricius), Junonia orithya (Linnaeus), Junonia almana (Linnaeus), Junonia lemonias (Linnaeus), Junonia atlites (Linnaeus), Junonia iphita (Cramer), Yoma sabina (Cramer), Hypolimnas bolina (Linnaeus), and Hypolimnas misippus (Linnaeus).

Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis of Nymphalinae (Nymphalidae: Lepidoptera) Based on the Partial Mitochondrial COI Gene Region

Nan Zarchi Win,Eun Young Choi,Deok-Jin Jang,Jong Kyun Park 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10

The phylogenetic relationships of species and genera in the subfamily Nymphalinae from Myanmar were inferred using mtDNA sequence data from 608 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). A total of 20 species in 10 genera were sequenced and used to construct phylogenetic trees. The base composition of COI sequences was 38.1% T, 15.6% C, 31.6% A, 14.7% G, revealing strong AT bias (69.7%). The sequence distance of 20 species of Nymphalinae ranged from 1.5% to 15.5%. The transition of nucleotide substitution was more common than transversion. The transition between T and C were higher than transition between A and G, and the transversion between A and T was the highest amongst other types of transversion. The phylogenetic trees were constructed using the neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods and showed almost identical topologies. The results indicated that the tribes Junoniini and Nymphalini (sensu Wahlberg et al., 2005) formed monophyletic groups but Kallimini was not monophyletic group. Rhinoplapa polynice formed sister group to Junoniini clade with moderate support in both trees. The relationship of species in Junoniini was ((Junonia + Yoma) + Hypolimnas) and the relationship in Nymphalini was (Symbrenthia + (Vanessa + (Kaniska + Polygonia))). The clustering results were almost identical to current morphological classification.

Molecular phylogenetic relationship of the subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Myanmar, inferred from mitochondrial gene sequences

Nan Zarchi Win,최은영,박진영,박종균 국립중앙과학관 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.10 No.1

Phylogenetic relationships for 19 species of the subfamily Nymphalinae were inferred using 607 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit I. The average base composition of cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequences was 37.9% T, 15.7% C, 31.5% A, and 14.9% G, showing a strong AT bias (69.4%). The phylogenetic trees were constructed using the neighbor-joining, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony methods, and showed almost identical topologies. The results indicated that the tribes Junoniini and Nymphalini are monophyletic groups, but Kallimini is not a monophyletic group. The results of the analysis are approximately consistent with the traditional classification results. This study establishes the cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequence of butterflies from Myanmar for further evolutionary researches.