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Power density of various light curing units through resin inlays with modified layer thickness
Hong, Sung-Ok,Oh, Yong-Hui,Min, Jeong-Bum,Kim, Jin-Woo,Lee, Bin-Na,Hwang, Yun-Chan,Hwang, In-Nam,Oh, Won-Mann,Chang, Hoon-Sang The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2012 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.37 No.3
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to enhance curing light penetration through resin inlays by modifying the thicknesses of the dentin, enamel, and translucent layers. Materials and Methods: To investigate the layer dominantly affecting the power density of light curing units, resin wafers of each layer with 0.5 mm thickness were prepared and power density through resin wafers was measured with a dental radiometer (Cure Rite, Kerr). The dentin layer, which had the dominant effect on power density reduction, was decreased in thickness from 0.5 to 0.1 mm while thickness of the enamel layer was kept unchanged at 0.5 mm and thickness of the translucent layer was increased from 0.5 to 0.9 mm and vice versa, in order to maintain the total thickness of 1.5 mm of the resin inlay. Power density of various light curing units through resin inlays was measured. Results: Power density measured through 0.5 mm resin wafers decreased more significantly with the dentin layer than with the enamel and translucent layers (p < 0.05). Power density through 1.5 mm resin inlays increased when the dentin layer thickness was reduced and the enamel or translucent layer thickness was increased. The highest power density was recorded with dentin layer thickness of 0.1 mm and increased translucent layer thickness in all light curing units. Conclusions: To enhance the power density through resin inlays, reducing the dentin layer thickness and increasing the translucent layer thickness would be recommendable when fabricating resin inlays.
Hong, Song-Nam,Maric, Ivana,Hui, Dennis IEEE 2016 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS Vol.15 No.10
<P>In this paper, we present a cooperative relaying strategy for half-duplex multihop relay networks. This scheme consists of three parts: 1) relay selection to yield a layered relay network; 2) group successive relaying that establishes a relay schedule to efficiently exploit half-duplex relays; and 3) a cooperative relaying scheme named short message noisy network coding with sliding-window decoding (SNNC-SW) that outperforms other state-of-the-art information theoretical schemes with lower decoding complexity and delay. We derive an achievable rate region of the proposed SNNC-SW scheme and attain a closed-form rate expression in the asymptotic case for several network models of interests. We then focus on the first part of our relaying strategy regarding efficient relay selection. We develop interference-harnessing routing that exploits the fact that in SNNC-SW, interference is treated as a useful signal. We show that, due to the efficient treatment of interference, this scheme can outperform routing schemes that deploy store-and-forward, a solution previously proposed for practical wireless multihop networks. Finally, we develop a low-complexity successive decoder of our scheme (implemented by a conventional MIMO decoder), which is a solution that can readily be implemented in practice. It is shown that also this practical scheme provides a significant gain over routing (based on store-andforward) and the performance gap increases as the network becomes denser.</P>