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Bukke, Ravindra Naik,Avis, Christophe,Naik, Mude Narendra,Jang, Jin IEEE 2018 IEEE electron device letters Vol.39 No.3
<P>We report the effect of purification of ZrO<SUB>x</SUB> precursor on the performance of solution processed amorphous indium–zinc–tin oxide thin-film transistors with a ZrO<SUB>x</SUB> gate insulator, which is processed at the maximum temperature of 300 °C in air. By purification, the saturation mobility ( <TEX>$\mu _{\textit {sat}}$</TEX>) increases from 2.45 ± 0.83 to 15.42 ± 4.01 cm<SUP>2</SUP>V<SUP>−1</SUP>s<SUP>−1</SUP>, subthreshold swing decreases from 141.44 ± 14.08 to 87.90 ± 11.05 mV/decade and drain current ON/OFF ratio increases from ~10<SUP>7</SUP> to ~10<SUP>9</SUP>. The leakage currents are remarkably reduced by using purified ZrO<SUB>x</SUB> as a gate insulator. The improvement is mainly due to the reduced impurities and less oxygen vacancies in ZrO<SUB>x</SUB>.</P>
Naik, H.,Kim, G.N.,Kim, K.,Zaman, M.,Nadeem, M.,Sahid, M. Elsevier 2018 Nuclear physics. A Vol.970 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The cross-sections of the <SUP>93</SUP>Nb ( n , 2 n ) <SUP>92m</SUP>Nb, <SUP>93</SUP>Nb ( n , 3 n ) <SUP>91m</SUP>Nb and <SUP>93</SUP>Nb ( n , 4 n ) <SUP>90</SUP>Nb reactions with the average neutron energies of 14.4 to 34.0 MeV have been determined by using an activation and off-line <I>γ</I>-ray spectrometric technique. The fast neutrons were produced using the <SUP>9</SUP>Be ( p , n ) reaction with the proton energies of 25-, 35- and 45-MeV from the MC-50 Cyclotron at the Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS). The neutron flux-weighted average cross-sections of the <SUP>93</SUP>Nb( n , x n ; x = 2 – 4 ) reactions were also obtained from the mono-energetic neutron-induced reaction cross-sections of <SUP>93</SUP>Nb calculated using the TALYS 1.8 code, and the neutron flux spectrum based on the MCNPX 2.6.0 code. The present results for the <SUP>93</SUP>Nb( n , x n ; x = 2 – 4 ) reactions are compared with the calculated neutron flux-weighted average values and found to be in good agreement.</P>
Naik, Gouri,Khan, Mohammed Rajik Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2020 Safety and health at work Vol.11 No.1
Background: Residential and commercial cleaning is a part of our daily routine to maintain sanitation around the environment. Health care of professionals involved in such cleaning activities has become a major concern all over the world. The present study investigates the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in professional cleaners involved in floor mopping tasks. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 132 mopping professionals using a modified Nordic questionnaire. The Pearson correlation test was implemented to study the association of perceived pain with work experience. The muscle strain and postural risk were evaluated by means of three-channel electromyography and real-time motion capture respectively of 15 professionals during floor mopping. Results: Regarding musculoskeletal injuries, risk was reported majorly in the right hand, lower back, left wrist, right shoulder, left biceps, and right wrist of the workers. Work experience had a low negative association with MSDs in the left wrist, right wrist, right elbow, lower back, and right lower arm (p < 0.01). Surface EMG showed occurrence of higher muscle activity in upper trapezius and biceps brachii (BB) muscles of the dominant hand and flexor carpi radialis and BB muscles of the nondominant hand positioned at the upper and lower portion of the mop rod, respectively. Conclusion: Ergonomic mediations should be executed to lessen the observed risk of musculoskeletal injuries in this professional group of workers.
Efficacy of Pesticides and Growth Hormones against Root Disease Complex of Mulberry (Morus alba L.)
Naik, Vorkady Nishitha,Sharma, Dinesh Dutta Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2007 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.15 No.2
During mulberry cultivation, root disease complex caused by the association of root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) with root rot pathogens like Fusarium solani and Botryodiplodia theobromae poses serious loss in leaf production. Therefore, an attempt was made to assess the efficacy of eight pesticides (Metayalaxyl+Mancozeb, Thiophanate methyl, Mancozeb, Bitertanol, Phenomiphos, Phorate, Thionazin & Carbofuran) and two growth hormones (Salicylic acid and Indole 3 acetic acid) at 0.1 and 0.2% concentrations under in vitro conditions against nematode (hatching of eggs and mortality of larvae) and root rot pathogens (poisoned food technique) for short listing the treatments to develop an IDM strategy. Results revealed that among the pesticides and growth hormones, Carbofuran followed by Salicylic acid were found to be effective at 0.2% concentration against both nematode and pathogenic fungi. Both the chemicals inhibited the hatching of nematode eggs by 83.5-78.9% and 80-76% larval mortality over the control and reduced the mycelial growth of both the pathogenic fungi to an extent of 75.5-77.8%. Though Mancozeb inhibited both the pathogenic fungi strongly (77-80%), it did not show any effectiveness against nematode. The rest of the chemicals were found either moderately or poorly effective in reducing the growth of pathogenic fungi, hatching of nematode eggs and enhancing the mortality of larvae. The two effective chemicals viz., Carbofuran and Salicylic acid, which rated as strong inhibitors against both nematode and pathogenic fungi, can be exploited in developing an IDM package as one of the component for better management of root disease complex in mulberry.
Naik, Shalin H,Sathe, Priyanka,Park, Hae-Young,Metcalf, Donald,Proietto, Anna I,Dakic, Aleksander,Carotta, Sebastian,O'Keeffe, Meredith,Bahlo, Melanie,Papenfuss, Anthony,Kwak, Jong-Young,Wu, Li,Shortm NATURE AMERICA INC 2007 NATURE IMMUNOLOGY Vol.8 No.11
The development of functionally specialized subtypes of dendritic cells (DCs) can be modeled through the culture of bone marrow with the ligand for the cytokine receptor Flt3. Such cultures produce DCs resembling spleen plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), CD8<SUP>+</SUP> conventional DCs (cDCs) and CD8<SUP>−</SUP> cDCs. Here we isolated two sequential DC-committed precursor cells from such cultures: dividing 'pro-DCs', which gave rise to transitional 'pre-DCs' en route to differentiating into the three distinct DC subtypes (pDCs, CD8<SUP>+</SUP> cDCs and CD8<SUP>−</SUP> cDCs). We also isolated an in vivo equivalent of the DC-committed pro-DC precursor cell, which also gave rise to the three DC subtypes. Clonal analysis of the progeny of individual pro-DC precursors demonstrated that some pro-DC precursors gave rise to all three DC subtypes, some produced cDCs but not pDCs, and some were fully committed to a single DC subtype. Thus, commitment to particular DC subtypes begins mainly at this pro-DC stage.
Naik, Siddhi D.,Chandra, Girish,Sahu, Pramod K.,Kim, Hong-Rae,Qu, Shuhao,Yoon, Ji-seong,Jeong, Lak Shin The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS Vol.3 No.11
<▼1><P>Synthesis of 3′-<I>C</I>-substituted-(<I>N</I>)-methanocarba adenosines using stereoselective cyclopropanation, stereoselective nucleophilic addition, regioselective isopropylidene cleavage and regioselective cyclic sulfate condensation.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Stereo- and regio-selective synthesis of 3′-<I>C</I>-substituted-(<I>N</I>)-methanocarba adenosines 3a–c as potential anticancer agents was achieved by employing stereoselective cyclopropanation, stereoselective nucleophilic addition, regioselective isopropylidene cleavage and regioselective base condensation of cyclic sulfate as key steps.</P></▼2>
Naik, M.u.d.,Rather, S.u.,So, C.S.,Hwang, S.W.,Kim, A.R.,Nahm, K.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2009 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.34 No.21
Thermogravimetric analysis of LiAlH<SUB>4</SUB> chemically mixed with different additives is reported for the application of hydrogen storage. Here, we illustrated the dehydrogenation properties of combined LiAlH<SUB>4</SUB>/LiNH<SUB>2</SUB> (2:1) mixture and LiAlH<SUB>4</SUB> wet-doped with different transition metals (Sc, Ti, and V) in their chloride forms. Thermal gravimetric analysis of LiAlH<SUB>4</SUB>/LiNH<SUB>2</SUB> system released ∼7.9wt.% of hydrogen in three decomposition steps at temperatures between 75 and 280<SUP>o</SUP>C under a heating ramp of 5<SUP>o</SUP>Cmin<SUP>-1</SUP>. The LiAlH<SUB>4</SUB> doped with transition metals showed the decrease of decomposition temperature down to 30-40<SUP>o</SUP>C for both 1st and 2nd dehydrogenation steps as compared to as-received LiAlH<SUB>4</SUB>. The catalytic activity in lowering the dehydrogenation temperature of LiAlH<SUB>4</SUB> doped with transition metals increases in the order of pure LiAlH<SUB>4</SUB><V<Ti<Sc. The X-ray diffraction analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transformation infra-red spectroscopy techniques were carried out in support of the thermogravimetric results.
Naik, H.,Kim, G. N.,Schwengner, R.,Kim, K.,Zaman, M.,Yang, S. C.,Shin, S. G.,Kye, Y. -U.,Massarczyk, R.,John, R.,Junghans, A.,Wagner, A.,Goswami, A.,Cho, M. -H. Springer-Verlag 2016 European Physical Journal A Vol.52 No.3
<P>The independent isomeric yield ratios of Zr-89g,Zr-m from the Zr-nat(,xn) reactions and those of Mo-91g,Mo- m and Nb-97g,Nb-m from the Mo-nat(,x) reactions with the bremsstrahlung end-point energy of 45-70 MeV were determined by an off-line -ray spectrometric technique using the 100 MeV electron linac at the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Korea. The isomeric yield ratios of Zr-89g,Zr-m and Nb-97g,Nb-m from the Zr-nat(, xn) and Mo-nat(,x) reactions at the bremsstrahlung end-point energy of 16MeV were also determined by the same technique using the 20MeV electron linac at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany. The measured isomeric yield ratios of Zr-89g,Zr-m, Mo-91g,Mo-m, and Nb-97g,Nb-m were compared with literature data to examine the role of the Giant Dipole Resonance (GDR). The isomeric yield ratios of the Zr-89g,Zr-m, Mo-91g,Mo-m, and Nb-97g,Nb-m from the above reactions were also calculated by using the computer code TALYS 1.6 and compared with the experimental data to examine the validity of the theoretical model for independent isomeric yield ratio calculations.</P>