Assessment of potential on surface water and land resources for irrigation in Omo-Gibe basin and Ejersa sub-basin in south west Ethiopia

( Mulatu Abebe ),( Won-ho Nam ) 한국농공학회 2018 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2018 No.-

Ethiopia has abundant land and water resources for irrigation, only a fraction of its potential of land and water resources are being utilized. Assessing available land and surface water resources for irrigation is important for planning and increasing the development of irrigation in the country. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of land resource and surface water resource of river catchments for irrigation purpose in Omo-Gibe basin, and Ejersa sub-basin. Specifically to identify the characteristics of Omo-Gibe basin; Ejersa river catchments by using GIS from DEM and estimating its surface water and land potential; evaluate the existing agricultural situation of the area; investigate the suitability analysis and flow analysis of selected rivers in the basin. Different materials, software’s, and relevant primary & secondary data were used by collecting from all sources such as meteorological data, hydrological, land use, and soil data was collected from Ministry of Water Resource and Energy office (MoWE) and National Meteorological Agency (NMA). The result of this study show that from the anomaly of annual precipitation & temperature in the basin for 50 years from the 1965 to 2015 was indicates average temperature has highly increased over the last two decades and the amount of rainfall decreases throughout the Omo-Gibe catchments with a decrease in elevation. Results of the watershed delineation lead to gave basin has area coverage of 9,000㎢, and perimeter of 1,832.3km with a length of 550 km and an average width of 140 km covering parts of the SNNPR and Oromiaregions. Out of this area coverage the estimation of land potential availability was determined by suitability analysis for different method of irrigation is estimated 67,928㎢. The total mean annual flow from the river basin is estimated to 16.6BMC. The result in Ejersa sub-basin indicates the estimation flow was determined by using SCS Curve Number and estimatedto 40 MCM. The average flow obtained after undertaking a number of trials is 214 lit/s. The irrigation engineering design of this study shows that the maximum flow diversion requirement for the command area of96.2ha is 173.2lit/s, and the slope of the command area lies with a range of 0-5%. With the assumption of rotational flow in the main canals the total irrigation water required to satisfy 96ha with in 153.6 lit/sec. Therefore, depending on the Ethiopian classification of irrigation land based on the size of the command area, in three types: small scale irrigation (SSI) covering below 200 ha; medium scale irrigation (MSI) covering from 200 ha to 3,000 ha and large scale irrigation (LSI) covering more than 3,000 ha, the Omo-Gibe basin has the area with the slope between 0-5% is 34,208.25 ㎢ that mainly used for small scale irrigation level similar to indicated in Ejersa sub-basin study.

The Cement Industry in Ethiopia

Mulatu, Dure,Habte, Lulit,Ahn, Ji Whan The Korean Society for Energy 2018 에너지공학 Vol.27 No.3

The cement industry is one of the rapidly growing industry in Ethiopia. The average per capita cement consumption of the country has increased from 39kg to 62kg. However, this is still way below than the global average per capita consumption of 500kg. The Ethiopian government is planning to expand its cement industry by upgrading the current cement plants and also opening of new cement plants in order to meet the future demand of the country. Currently, the number of cement plants in Ethiopia has reached to 20. By the year 2025, per capita cement consumption is expected to increase to 179kg. Recently, Ethiopia has become one of Africa's largest market for the cement industry. In addition, Ethiopia has become the major exporter of cement in the Sub-Saharan African region. The Ethiopian cement industry is highly dependent on the use of imported energy sources for its production. This situation has a significant amount of impact on the high production costs of the industry. This paper will try to review the history, production, available resources, the technologies and energy use of the Ethiopian cement industry.

The Cement Industry in Ethiopia

DURE MULATU GELETA,LULIT HABTE EKUBATSION,안지환 한국에너지학회 2018 에너지공학 Vol.27 No.3

The cement industry is one of the rapidly growing industry in Ethiopia. The average per capita cement consumption of the country has increased from 39kg to 62kg. However, this is still way below than the global average per capita consumption of 500kg. The Ethiopian government is planning to expand its cement industry by upgrading the current cement plants and also opening of new cement plants in order to meet the future demand of the country. Currently, the number of cement plants in Ethiopia has reached to 20. By the year 2025, per capita cement consumption is expected to increase to 179kg. Recently, Ethiopia has become one of Africa’s largest market for the cement industry. In addition, Ethiopia has become the major exporter of cement in the Sub-Saharan African region. The Ethiopian cement industry is highly dependent on the use of imported energy sources for its production. This situation has a significant amount of impact on the high production costs of the industry. This paper will try to review the history, production, available resources, the technologies and energy use of the Ethiopian cement industry.

Identification of Inter-Basin Groundwater Transfer between Adjacent Basins

Dure Mulatu,Ji Whan Ahn 한국에너지학회 2018 한국에너지공학회 학술발표회 Vol.2018 No.04

The Cement Industry in Ethiopia

Dure Mulatu,Lulit Habte,Ji Whan Ahn 한국에너지학회 2018 에너지공학 Vol.27 No.3

Applications of Sugarcane by-products to mitigate climate change in Ethiopia

Habte, Lulit,Mulatu, Dure,Ahn, Ji Whan The Korean Society for Energy 2018 에너지공학 Vol.27 No.3

Climate change is one of the major issues in both the developed and developing world. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission is one of the implications for climate change. It is increasing rapidly. Although the emission is much less when compared to the rest of the world, Ethiopia has also faced this global issue. The major source for GHG emission in Ethiopia is agriculture. Therefore, the agriculture sector has to be given more attention in Ethiopia. To overcome the problem, Climate-Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) strategy has been initiated. One way of executing this target is to create a sustainable and environmentally friendly pathway to use agricultural byproducts. Sugarcane is one of the major plants in Ethiopia. Its byproducts are bagasse, molasses, and press mud. Since it is a waste product, it is economical and creates a sustainable and green environment by reducing GHG emissions. Sugarcane byproducts have versatile applications like as fuel, as cement replacing material, as a mitigation for expansive soils, as biosorbent for the treatment of water and wastewater and also as a wood material. However, Ethiopia has not used this byproduct massively as it is readily available. This paper reviews the possible applications of sugarcane byproducts to mitigate climate change.

Cover Crops as a Means of Ecological Weed Management in Agroecosystems

Fikre Lemessa,Mulatu Wakjira 한국작물학회 2015 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.18 No.2

Weeds cause an estimated crop yield loss of about 43% world-wide. The heavy use of herbicides in weed management has several environmental and health risks. Therefore, systems-oriented approaches to weed management that make better use of alternative weed management tactics need to be developed. One of these approaches is the use of plants with strong weed-suppressing abilities as a component of integrated crop management. Cover crops are well-suited in such a holistic approach as they provide many other agroecosystem services besides suppressing weeds. However, compared to the use of herbicides, the use of cover crops as a weed management tool needs careful follow-up throughout the intended period to maximize the agroecosystem services they provide, minimize the disservices they exert, and optimize their selectivity between weed and crop suppression. Although there are many review papers that address the contribution of cover crops for managing weed problems in agroecosystems, few systematically address the difficulties that are encountered in fitting in the cover crops in the different cropping systems and the methods how to overcome these difficulties. Therefore, this paper is to examine how to maximize weed suppressive effects of cover crops and minimize the negative side effects of introducing cover crops into annual and perennial cropping systems and how to optimize selectivity between weeds and crops. We suggest further research regarding the selection of cover crops that are compatible with annual and perennial cropping systems under different climatic conditions and identify the traits responsible for adaptation in various cropping systems and environments.

Applications of Sugarcane by-products to mitigate climate change in Ethiopia

LULIT HABTE EKUBATSION,DURE MULATU GELETA,안지환 한국에너지학회 2018 에너지공학 Vol.27 No.3

Climate change is one of the major issues in both the developed and developing world. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission is one of the implications for climate change. It is increasing rapidly. Although the emission is much less when compared to the rest of the world, Ethiopia has also faced this global issue. The major source for GHG emission in Ethiopia is agriculture. Therefore, the agriculture sector has to be given more attention in Ethiopia. To overcome the problem, Climate-Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) strategy has been initiated. One way of executing this target is to create a sustainable and environmentally friendly pathway to use agricultural byproducts. Sugarcane is one of the major plants in Ethiopia. Its byproducts are bagasse, molasses, and press mud. Since it is a waste product, it is economical and creates a sustainable and green environment by reducing GHG emissions. Sugarcane byproducts have versatile applications like as fuel, as cement replacing material, as a mitigation for expansive soils, as biosorbent for the treatment of water and wastewater and also as a wood material. However, Ethiopia has not used this byproduct massively as it is readily available. This paper reviews the possible applications of sugarcane byproducts to mitigate climate change.

Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Yield Index for Lot Sentencing in First Order Autoregressive between Linear Profiles

Yeneneh Tamirat,Mengistu Abera Mulatu 대한산업공학회 2018 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.17 No.4

A variable sampling scheme for first-order autoregression between linear profiles is proposed. The scheme considerspresent and past information by means of an exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) yield index. The advantageis that the number of profiles required for inspection is efficient compared to the variable single samplingplan. As the value of the EWMA parameter is equal to one, the proposed scheme becomes equivalent to a single variablesampling. A nonlinear optimization technique is applied to determine the decision variables. For reference, tablesof the critical values and a number of profiles are prepared for combinations of the smoothing constant, correlationcoefficient, acceptable quality level, and the lot tolerance proportion of defects at a given producer’s and consumer’srisk. The new method is compared with an existing single variable sampling plan through an average number of profilesand an operating characteristics curve. A numerical example is provided to show the appropriateness of the proposedplan.

Applications of Sugarcane by-products to mitigate climate change in Ethiopia

Lulit Habte,Dure Mulatu,Ji Whan Ahn 한국에너지학회 2018 에너지공학 Vol.27 No.3