A novel homozygous mutation in SZT2 gene in Saudi family with developmental delay, macrocephaly and epilepsy

Muhammad Imran Naseer,Mohammad Khalid Alwasiyah,Angham Abdulrahman Abdulkareem,Rayan Abdullah Bajammal,Carlos Trujillo,Muhammad Abu‑Elmagd,Mohammad Alam Jafri,Adeel G. Chaudhary,Mohammad H. Al‑Qahtani 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.11

Epileptic encephalopathies are genetically heterogeneous disorders which leads to epilepsy and cause neurological disorders. Seizure threshold 2 (SZT2) gene located on chromosome 1p34.2 encodes protein mainly expressed predominantly in the parietal and frontal cortex and dorsal root ganglia in the brain. Previous studies in mice showed that mutation in this gene can confers low seizure threshold, enhance epileptogenesis and in human may leads to facial dysmorphism, intellectual disability, seizure and macrocephaly. Objective of this study was to find out novel gene or novel mutation related to the gene phenotype. We have identified a large consanguineous Saudi family segregating developmental delay, intellectual disability, epilepsy, high forehead and macrocephaly. Exome sequencing was performed in affected siblings of the family to study the novel mutation. Whole exome sequencing data analysis, confirmed by subsequent Sanger sequencing validation study. Our results showed a novel homozygous mutation (c.9368G>A) in a substitution of a conserved glycine residue into a glutamic acid in the exon 67 of SZT2 gene. The mutation was ruled out in 100 unrelated healthy controls. The missense variant has not yet been reported as pathogenic in literature or variant databases. In conclusion, the here detected homozygous SZT2 variant might be the causative mutation that further explain epilepsy and developmental delay in this Saudi family.

Quantum Chemical Designing of Efficient Sensitizers for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

Abdullah, Muhammad Imran,Janjua, Muhammad Ramzan Saeed Ashraf,Mahmood, Asif,Ali, Sajid,Ali, Muhammad Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.7

Density functional theory (DFT) was used to determine the ground state geometries of indigo and new design dyes (IM-Dye-1 IM-Dye-2 and IM-Dye-3). The time dependant density functional theory (TDDFT) was used to calculate the excitation energies. All the calculations were performed in both gas and solvent phase. The LUMO energies of all the dyes were above the conduction band of $TiO_2$, while the HOMOs were below the redox couple (except IM-Dye-3). The HOMO-LUMO energy gaps of new design dyes were smaller as compared to indigo. All new design dyes were strongly red shifted as compared to indigo. The improved light harvesting efficiency (LHE) and free energy change of electron injection ${\Delta}G^{inject}$ of new designed sensitizers revealed that these materials would be excellent sensitizers. The broken coplanarity between the benzene near anchoring group having LUMO and the last benzene attached to TPA unit in all new design dyes consequently would hamper the recombination reaction. This theoretical designing will the pave way for experimentalists to synthesize the efficient sensitizers for solar cells.

Optimized Biodiesel Production and Environmental Assessment of Produced Biodiesel

Muhammad Saqib,Muhammad Waseem Mumtaz,Asif Mahmood,Muhammad Imran Abdullah 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.3

Present study deals with the optimization of biodiesel production using rapeseed oil as feedstock and NaOCH3 as a catalyst. Optimization of different reaction parameters, such as catalyst concentration, reaction temperature,reaction time. and alcohol to oil molar ratio, was done using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal experimental conditions for biodiesel production were as follows: catalyst concentration (%) 0.30, reaction temperature 55oC, molar ratio 6.75, and reaction time 60 min. Under these optimal conditions, 97.5 percentage yield of biodiesel was obtained. The observed and predicted values of rapeseed oil methyl esters (ROMEs) yield showed a linear relationship. The fuel properties such as specific gravity 0.876 ± 0.01, flash point 168 ± 0.48oC, fire point 197.8 ±0.31oC, pour point -7 ± 0.060oC, cloud point -2 ± 0.10oC kinematic viscosity 4.42 ± 0.26 mm2/sec, and sulfur content 0.002 mg/Kg of the produced biodiesel show the suitability of rapeseed oil biodiesel, as fuel. Moreover, engine performance test of the Rapeseed oil biodiesel (rapeseed oil methyl esters, ROME) was examined. The results showed that CO and particulate matter (PM) emissions of the ROME were lower than those of diesel fuel. NOX emissions of the ROME were lower for B5, B20, B40, and B50, while higher for B80 and B100. These results show the environment benefits of biodiesel.

Quantum Chemical Designing of Efficient Sensitizers for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

Muhammad Imran Abdullah,Muhammad Ramzan Saeed Ashraf Janjua,Asif Mahmood,Sajid Ali,Muhammad Ali 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.7

Density functional theory (DFT) was used to determine the ground state geometries of indigo and new design dyes (IM-Dye-1 IM-Dye-2 and IM-Dye-3). The time dependant density functional theory (TDDFT) was used to calculate the excitation energies. All the calculations were performed in both gas and solvent phase. The LUMO energies of all the dyes were above the conduction band of TiO2, while the HOMOs were below the redox couple (except IM-Dye-3). The HOMO-LUMO energy gaps of new design dyes were smaller as compared to indigo. All new design dyes were strongly red shifted as compared to indigo. The improved light harvesting efficiency (LHE) and free energy change of electron injection ΔGinject of new designed sensitizers revealed that these materials would be excellent sensitizers. The broken coplanarity between the benzene near anchoring group having LUMO and the last benzene attached to TPA unit in all new design dyes consequently would hamper the recombination reaction. This theoretical designing will the pave way for experimentalists to synthesize the efficient sensitizers for solar cells.

Comparison of Home Automation System Using IPV-4 and IPV-6 Based On Mitigate Reconnaissance Attacks

Ali, Muhammad Shujat,Siddiq, Imran,Faisal, Abdullah,Awan, Muhammad Zubair International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.2

This research is designed to help and offer hold up to complete the requirements of aged and disable in a home. The control approach and the tone approach are used to manage the house appliances. The major organize system implementation in technology of wireless to offer distant contact from a phone Internet Protocol connectivity for access and calculating strategy and appliance remotely. The planned system no need a committed server PC with value of parallel systems and offers a new communication-protocol to observe and control a house environment with more than just the switch functionality. To express the possibility and efficiency of this system, devices like as lights switches, power plugs, and motion-sensors have been included with the planned home control system and supply more security manage on the control with low electrical energy activate method. The rank of switches is corresponding in all this control system whereby all user interfaces indicate the real time existing status. This system planned to manage electrical-appliances and devices in house with reasonably low cost of design, user friendly interface, easily install and provide high security. Research community generally specified that the network "Reconnaissance Attacks" in IPv6 are usually impossible due to they will take huge challenge to carry out address scanning of 264 hosts in an IPv6 subnet."It being deployed of IPv6 shows that it definitely enhances security and undermines the probability". This research of the IPv6 addressing-strategies at present utilizes and planned a new strategy and move toward to "mitigate reconnaissance attacks".

Association of Air Pollutant Index (API) on SARS-CoV-2 of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Malaysia

Samsuri Abdullah,Muhammad Azhari Imran,Amalina Abu Mansor,Ku Mohd Kalkausar Ku Yusof,Nazri Che Dom,Siti Khamisah Saijan,Siti Rohana Mohd Yatim,Ali Najah Ahmed,Marzuki Ismail 한국대기환경학회 2022 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.16 No.1

Malaysia reported its first COVID-19 case on January 25, 2020, and the cases have continued to grow, necessitating the implementation of additional measures. Hence, determining the factors responsible for the significant increase in COVID-19 cases is the top priority issue for the government to take necessary action and ultimately restrain this virus before the vaccine availability. Researchers had predicted that air pollution had an indirect relationship with COVID-19 in terms of virus infections. As a result, this study focuses on the link between the Air Pollutant Index (API) and COVID-19 infections. The initial data set consists of daily confirmed COVID-19 cases in Malaysia and API readings obtained from the Ministry of Health (MOH) and the Department of the Environment (DOE). The results show that Klang (S22) recorded the highest mean of API which at 62.70 while the lowest is at Limbang (S37) (25.37). Next, due to the implementation of Movement Control Order (MCO) in Malaysia and reducing social movement, 27 stations recorded a good level of API compare to the stations that recorded moderate and unhealthy levels. There is positive relationship between API and COVID-19 at each of the region which are North 0.4% (R2=0.004), Central 2.1% (R2=0.021), South 0.04% (R2=0.0004), East 1.6% (R2=0.016), Sarawak 0.2% (R2=0.002), meanwhile Sabah recorded negative correlation at 4.3% (R2=0.043). To conclude, the API value did not have a strong relationship with the rising number of COVID-19 daily cases.

Quantum Chemical Designing of Novel Organic Non-Linear Optical Compounds

Asif Mahmood,Muhammad Imran Abdullah,Muhammad Faizan Nazar 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.5

In the present study, ten metal free non-linear optical (NLO) compounds have been designed. These compounds have designed by structural modification of (2-cyano-5-(4-(phenyl(4-vinylphenyl)amino)phenyl) penta-2,4-dienoic acid (TC4). Density functional theory was used for structure optimization and determination of photo-physical properties. These compounds contain triphenylamine as electron-donor and cyanoacrylic acid as acceptor. Five π-spacers are used to connect the donor and acceptor. Two auxiliary donors are also used to assist the donor. Results of this study indicate that stronger electron-donating auxiliary groups and longer π- conjugation enhance NLO response. Major absorption peaks of all systems were in the visible region. These absorption peaks are associated with the π-π* transitions of the entire molecule. From calculations it is clear that all system will be good NLO material. The present calculations will provide new ways for experimentalists to synthesize high-performance NLO material.

Quantum Chemical Designing of Novel Organic Non-Linear Optical Compounds

Mahmood, Asif,Abdullah, Muhammad Imran,Nazar, Muhammad Faizan Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.5

In the present study, ten metal free non-linear optical (NLO) compounds have been designed. These compounds have designed by structural modification of (2-cyano-5-(4-(phenyl(4-vinylphenyl)amino)phenyl) penta-2,4-dienoic acid (TC4). Density functional theory was used for structure optimization and determination of photo-physical properties. These compounds contain triphenylamine as electron-donor and cyanoacrylic acid as acceptor. Five ${\pi}$-spacers are used to connect the donor and acceptor. Two auxiliary donors are also used to assist the donor. Results of this study indicate that stronger electron-donating auxiliary groups and longer ${\pi}$-conjugation enhance NLO response. Major absorption peaks of all systems were in the visible region. These absorption peaks are associated with the ${\pi}-{\pi}^*$ transitions of the entire molecule. From calculations it is clear that all system will be good NLO material. The present calculations will provide new ways for experimentalists to synthesize high-performance NLO material.

Cancer initiating properties of erythrosine supplemented with sub necrotic dose of diethyl nitrosamine: potential effects on biochemical parameters of liver, Vitamin C and E

Firoz Anwar,Rajbala Singh,Gohar Mushtaq,Abdul Rehman Al-Maliki,Abdullah Sabih,F. A. Al-Abbasi,Aftab Ahmad,Muhammad Afzal,Imran Kazm,Ruqaiyah Kha 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2015 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.11 No.3

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth and third most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Erythrosine, a commonly used coloring agent in tablet preparation was studied for its role when supplemented with sub necrotic dose of DENA (n-diethyl nitrosamine) to induced HCC in Wistar rats. Single dose of chemical carcinogen DENA with intraperitoneal injection (20 mg/kg) administered before Erythrosine at a dose 0.014 mg/kg by p.o, DENA treated rats and alone. Exposure of DENA and Erythrosine alters the levels of Serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGO T), Serum glutamate pyrophosphate transaminase (SGPT), Alkaline phosphate (ALP), Total Bilirubin (TBR), Blood uric acid, urea, lipid profile and Serum alpha-feto protein (AFP) in Wistar rats, with further alteration in intracellular antioxidant enzyme profile Lipid Per oxidation (LPO), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Melanoaldehyde (MDA), Glutathione Reductase (GR), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione- S-Transferase (GST), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) along with Vit. C and Vit. E conc.. Moreover Histopathological examinations of the liver tissue showed marked effect of DENA and Erythrosine exposure on liver structure. The results concluded that Erythrosine used as coloring agent for tablet coating as well as food colorant in India, was found to be an inducer as liver proliferating agent and promoter of HCC.