Macroeconomic Dynamics of Standard of Living in South Asia

Muhammad Ayub Siddiqui,Zahid Mehmood 한국유통과학회 2013 KODISA ICBE (International Conference on Business Vol.2013 No.-

This study explores social well-being of the community of 5 selected countries of the South Asia through macroeconomic determinants and regional dummies using the data set for the period of 1990-2008. The current study compares and explores effectiveness of macroeconomic policies across the countries through interactive effects of the macroeconomic policy variables with the regional dummy variables. The study can be considered as an academic contribution with new approach to evaluate well-being of the people of South Asia such as India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Bangladesh. Results reveal significant chances of improvement in the well-being of the people while living in India and Pakistan as compared to the other countries of the region where India relatively stands better chances of providing opportunities to improve the well‐being of the people.

Effect of Pile Height on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Woven Spacer Composites

Muhammad Umair,Syed Talha Ali Hamdani,Yasir Nawab,Muhammad Ayub Asghar,Tanveer Hussain,Abdelghani Saouab 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.6

Three-dimensional (3D) woven spacer fabric is produced by connecting two woven fabric layers with the verticalpile yarns in the center part. Their composites have great potential for use in construction, automotive, marine, and aerospaceapplications due to outstanding mechanical properties. In this paper, 3D woven spacer fabrics with three thickness levels(4 mm, 10 mm and 20 mm) made of E-glass fibre, were used. Then 3D woven spacer fabrics were fabricated into theircorresponding composites by hand lay-up technique using green epoxy resin. Characterization was done at both stages i.e. fabric and composite. Bending length and modulus of 3D woven spacer fabrics were decreased while the stiffness of thefabric was increased with increase in sample thickness. While in 3D woven spacer composites, 20 mm thick composite wasmore needle penetration resistant as compared to the 10 mm and 4 mm thick composites. Flexural and slow velocity impactperformance of the 3D woven spacer composites was reduced with the increase of sample thickness. Flexural behaviour wasbetter in weft direction as compared to the warp direction in all samples. Furthermore, 4 mm thick composite showed thehighest value of energy absorbed and least deformation during the drop weight impact test.

Macroeconomic Dynamics of Standard of Living in South Asia

Muhammad Ayub Siddiqui,Zahid Mehmood 한국유통과학회 2013 유통과학연구 Vol.11 No.7

Purpose - The study explores social well-being of the community of five selected countries of the South Asia: India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Bangladesh. The study compares effectiveness of macroeconomic policies across the countries through interactive effects of the macroeconomic policy variables with the regional dummy variables. Research design, data, and methodology - Using the data set for the period of 1990-2008, this study employs panel data models, quantile regression methods, and the fixed effects method, which the constant is treated as group or country-specific. The model can also be known as the least-squares dummy variables estimator. Results - The results reveal significant chances of improvement in the well-being of the people while living in India and Pakistan as compared to the other countries of the region where India relatively stands with better chances of providing opportunities to improve the well-being of the people. Conclusions - This study recommends an increasing allocation of budget on education and health in order to enhance social well-being in the South Asian region. Inflation is the main cause of deteriorating well-being of the South Asian community by escalating the cost of living. Comprehensive study is recommended by employing the micro data models in the region.

A Novel Brushless Wound Rotor Synchronous Machine with Third Harmonic Field Excitation

Muhammad Ayub,Syed Sabir Hussain Bukhari,Ghulam Jawad,Byung-il Kwon(권병일) 대한전기학회 2017 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.7

Variable Speed Range Operation of PM-assisted Brushless Wound Field Synchronous Machine

Muhammad Ayub(아유브 무함마드),Ghulam Jawad(시레왈 굴람 자와드),권병일 대한전기학회 2019 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2019 No.7

Energy Perspective of Sugar Industries in Pakistan: Determinants and Paradigm Shift

Muhammad Ayub Siddiqui,Adnan Shoaib 한국유통과학회 2012 유통과학연구 Vol.10 No.2

The aim of this study is to empirically explore micro and macroeconomic factors affecting the Pakistani sugar industries and searching the energy potential of this industry, through the survey of literature. The empirical part has been explored by employing Vector Autoregression (VAR), Granger Causality tests and simultaneous equation models through quarterly data for the period of 1991q2-2008q4. The study also aims to devise policies for the development of sugar industries and identify its growing importance for the energy sector of Pakistan. Empirical tests applied on the domestic prices of sugar, domestic interest rates, and exchange rate, productive capacities of sugar mills, per capita income, world sugar prices on cultivable area and sugar production reveal very useful results. Results reveal an improvement of productive capacity of the sugar mills of Pakistan on account of increasing crushing capacity of this sector. Negative effect of rising wholesale prices on the harvesting area was also observed. Profit earnings of the sugar mills significantly increase with the rise of sugar prices but the system does not exist for the farming community to share the rising prices of sugar. The models indicate positive and significant effect of local prices of sugar on its volume of import. Another of the findings of this study positively relates the local sugar markets with the international prices of sugar. Additionally, the causality tests results reveal exchange rate, harvesting area and overall output of sugarcane to have significant effects on the local prices of sugar. Similarly, import of sugar, interest rate, per capita consumption of sugar, per capita national income and the international prices of sugar also significantly affect currency exchange rate of Pakistani rupee in terms of US$. The study also finds sugar as an essential and basic necessity of the Pakistani consumers. That is why there are no significant income and price effects on the per capita consumption of sugar in Pakistan. All the empirical methods reiterate the relationship of variables. Economic policy makers are recommended to improve governance and management in the production, stock taking, internal and external trading and distribution of sugar in Pakistan using bumper crop policies. Macroeconomic variables such as interest rate, exchange rate per capita income and consumption are closely connected with the production and distribution of sugar in Pakistan. The cartelized role of the sugar industries should also be examined by further studies. There is need to further explore sugar sector of Pakistan with the perspective of energy generation through this sector; cartelized sugar markets in Pakistan and many more other dimensions of this sector. Exact appraisal of sugar industries for energy generation can be done appropriately by the experts from applied sciences.

An Empirical Investigation of Agency Costs in the Determination of Performance of Pakistani Nonfinancial Sector

Muhammad Ayub Siddiqui,Usman Afzal 한국유통과학회 2012 유통과학연구 Vol.10 No.5

The study examines the performance and its relationship with capital structure and agency cost with respect to the industrial configurations and economic groups of Pakistan Economy. The study employs data set of 334 listed joint stock companies from the nonfinancial sectors for the period of 1999-2009 from cotton and textile, engineering, chemical, sugar, cement, fuel and energy, paper and board, transport and communication, and miscellaneous economic groups. Pooled data from the Panel data methodology has been applied to observe the significance of different performance measures through determinant of capital structure and agency costs with special focus on the leverage and cash flows as the direct determinant and interactive variables. The empirical test results using redundant variable tests demonstrate support for agency theory in the context of Pakistan’s industrial configurations. The implications of the study point towards more investigations on the subject using industrial configurations as control and moderating variables.

Interpretation of the Electron Cyclotron Emission Signal from Optically Marginal Plasmas

Muhammad Khawar Ayub,윤건수,이우창,Hyeon K. Park 한국물리학회 2017 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.70 No.3

The interpretation of electron cyclotron emission (ECE) signal from the optically marginal region of magnetized plasma is presented. The density and the temperature fluctuations associated with the edge localized modes (ELMs) observed in the KSTAR tokamak are estimated by assuming an ELM filamentary structure as a flux tube bulges out like a ballooning mode instability. Synthetic ECE signals from the rotating ELM are calculated based on the measured electron temperature profile and an assumed electron density profile constrained by the measured line-averaged density, yielding an 0.02 relative fluctuation level in agreement with the experimental observations. The measured ECE signal is nearly in phase with the density modulation associated with the rotating ELM. This implies that the ECE signal corresponding to the ELM filaments has a significant contribution from the density fluctuations.

Optimal Rotor shape design of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for improving Average Torque by Increasing the Reluctance Torque

Muhammad Ayub,Byung-il Kwon(권병일) 대한전기학회 2016 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.3

Modelling Effect of Exchange Rate Voltality on Growth of Pakistani Trade Volume

Muhammad Ayub Siddiqui,Naila Erum 한국유통과학회 2016 KODISA ICBE (International Conference on Business Vol.2016 No.-

This study empirically evaluates the impact of exchange rate volatility, foreign direct investment, terms of trade, inflation, industrial production and foreign exchange reserves on Pakistani trade volume over the period of 1975-2010 using quarterly data set. The study employs financial econometrics methods such as Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test GARCH (1, 1) technique and Almon Polynomial Distributed Lag (APDL) models to estimate the relationship of variables. Findings of the study are in accordance with theoretical relationships presented by Clark, Tamirisa, and Wei (2004), Mckenzie (1999), Zilberfarb & Dellad (1993) and Cote (1994). These findings are also in accordance with the empirical studies which support positive relationship of exchange rate volatility and exports presented by Hsu & Chaing (2011), Chit (2008), Feenstra & Kendall (1991), Gerardo & Felipe (2002), and Olugbenga, Onafowora, & Owoyea (2008). Findings of the study in terms of imports are supported by the studies from Lee (1999), Alam & Ahmad (2014) and Arize (1998). The study also recommends some very important policy prescriptions.