Making it Easier to Blow the Whistle: A Study on Korean Whistleblowing Policy

( Mark Wilding ),( Kwang Kook Park ) 한국행정학회 2013 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2013 No.-

Do Local Government Employees in Korea Engage in Emotional Labor and Do They Feel Stressed, Exhausted and/or Satisfied?

Mark Wilding,Kyung-Jin Chae 한국지방정부학회 2012 지방정부연구 Vol.16 No.1

Emotional labor in public administration represents a growing research concern in many countries. However, to date very few studies have been conducted on emotional labor in Korean public administration. The purpose of this study is to further understanding of emotional labor in the Korean context. In particular, the study focuses on who does emotional labor and whether they feel job stress, emotional exhaustion and/or job satisfaction. The study presents the results of a survey of local government employees (n=467) in Bucheon. The variables of educational level, age, service length, and position revealed significant differences in the factor analysis of emotional labor and in terms of job stress and emotional exhaustion. In contrast to the majority of studies on emotional labor, the analysis found no significant differences by gender for emotional labor, although women were significantly more likely to suffer from emotional exhaustion. In terms of job satisfaction, significant differences were only found according to the position variable, with employees at level 6 or over reporting the highest levels of job satisfaction. More generally the results revealed relatively low levels of emotional labor. Explanations for the results are offered based on the management and training of the Bucheon local authority, but also according to cultural factors of Korean public administration. Suggestions are made for policies on emotional labor and for future research on emotional labor in Korea.

The Changing Role of UK Local Government in Social Services

Mark Wilding 서울행정학회 2011 서울행정학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2011 No.10

Banking on Social Investment? A Comparison of the Changing Social Investment Strategies of Korea and the UK

( Mark Wilding ),( Seung Sun Lee ),( Ju Hyun Lee ) 가톨릭대학교 정부혁신생산성연구소 2013 정부와 정책 Vol.5 No.2

본 연구는 한국 및 영국 사례를 통해 최근 양국 사회투자 전략에 일어난 변화를 고찰하고자 한다. 양국공히 정부가 사회적 영역에 대한 투자를 중개하는 추세를 보이기 시작하였으나, 영국의 경우 이를 추진할 전담 공공 기관인 ‘Big Society Capital’을 세계 최초로 설치함으로써 좀 더 체계적이며 조직적인 양상을 띄고 있다. 전담 조직인 Big Society Capital의 기금 조성은 휴면예금 계좌 및 영국 내 주요금융 기관의 기부금을 통해 이루어진다. 또한 본 연구에서는 이러한 영국 사례가 한국 정부에 제시하는 시사점을 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 먼저 기존 학술 문헌과 함께 정부 및 사회 투자 관련 기관 발행 회색 문헌(grey literature) 검토를 통해 사회 투자와 관련하여 양국이 직면한 난제를 논의한 후 이의 해결을 위한 두 가지 정책적 대안을 제시하였다. 먼저 휴면예금 이용에 관한 법 제정을 통해 정부가 사회 투자 목적으로 휴면예금을 활용할 수 있도록 할 것과 사회 투자 관련 기관 또한 휴면예금을 적극적으로 활용할 수 있도록 하는 지원이 뒷받침되어야 한다는 것이다. This study examines the changing approaches to social investment in recent years in Korea and the UK. In both countries, governments have started to make the transition towards brokering investment for the social sector. However, the British government has taken a more co-ordinated approach by setting up a centralized, arms length institution to manage this work. This organization, “Big Society Capital”, is the first of its type in the world, and is funded from dormant bank accounts, along with significant contributions from the UK`s major banking corporations. In order to investigate if there is anything that the Korean government can learn from British developments, this study reviews the academic literature, along with the ‘grey’ literature from social sector organizations and government. The challenges facing social investment in both countries are discussed, and policy recommendations made. Suggestions include that the Korean government pass a law enabling the use of dormant bank accounts for social investment purposes, and that social sector organizations receive support to help them access new income streams.

A Post-NPM Era in Social Services?

Mark Wilding 서울행정학회 2012 한국사회와 행정연구 Vol.23 No.2

최근 몇 년간 신공공관리의 한계를 극복하기 위한 이론적 혹은 실질적 시도가 이루어지고 있지만, 이에 따른 실질적 변화의 정도에 대한 논의는 아직까지 부족한 상황이다. 다시 말하면, 일부에서는 탈신공공관리라 칭할 만한 근거가 거의 전무하다고 보는 반면, 이미 탈신공공관리 시대가 도래했음을 주장하는 시각도 있다. 또한 탈신공공관리의 원칙으로 국가간 수렴 또한 일정 부분 이루어지고 있다는 입징도 있다. 본 연구는 정부 보고서 및 여러 자료를 활용하여 1990년대 후반 영국 및 한국의 성인 대상 사회복지서비스에 대한 사례 비교를 통해 이러한 논의에 기여하고자 한다. 특히 통합의 수준, 경쟁 및 서비스 이용자의 수요 충족도, 인센티브 제도의 유형을 중점적으로 비교분석하였다. 분석결과, 양국 모두 탈신공공관리제도를 도입하려는 시도는 있었으나 사회서비스가 탈신공공관리적 성격을 띈다고 보기는 어렵다. 왜냐하면 신공공관리의 지속적 영향과 지금까지 줄곧 이어온 조직관리 방식으로 인한 분리, 경쟁, 인센티브화가 앞으로도 지속될 것으로 예측되기 때문이다. 비록 양국간 차이는 존재하지만 영국 및 한국 사회서비스는 신공공관리적 성격을 지니며, 이는 관리 개혁에 있어서 해당 국가의 현실에 알맞은 형태로 형성되어야 함을 의미한다. 따라서 정부가 탈신공공관리제도를 적극 추진하기 위해서는 공공관리 측면에서의 여러 요소가 상호작용할 수 있는 다양한 방안을 마련해야 할 것이다.

Policy Time and Policy Travel? Perspectives on Time in Policy Transfer and Translation Research

( Mark Wilding ) 한국정책학회 2013 한국정책학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.2

The temporal dimension has received relatively less attention than its spatial counterpart in the policy transfer literature. In other words, researchers have given priority to demonstrating which govemments or institutions policies have been transferred from or to, rather than how long this takes, the impact of historical pathways, and the timing of transfer. In addition, policy transfer also faces challenges from translation, which takes a more constructivist approach to the movement of policy. This paper aims to explicate the different perspectives on time, and to find ways in which translation may be used to complement policy transfer. The theoretical framework is applied to the adoption of long-term care policies in Germany, Japan, and Korea.

What Influences Inter-local Government Cooperation in Korea?

Kyung-Jin Chae,Mark Wilding 한국지방정부학회 2012 지방정부연구 Vol.16 No.2

Cooperation is increasingly seen as a way for local governments to meet the administrative demands of citizens, to achieve economy of scale, and to improve relations with neighboring governments. This study focuses on factors which affect inter-local government cooperation (ILGC), in order to identify strategies for effective cooperation. In particular, this study analyzes the results of a survey of public servants employed by the five local governments which run the ‘Eastern Region Resource Recovery Facility’, recognized by central government as displaying best practice in ILGC. While previous research on Korean ILGC has focused on a single item of ILGC, the present study uses level of collaboration, level of interdependency, and level of mutual understanding as items of ILGC. Six independent variables which affect the dependent variable of ILGC are established; policy factors, political factors, economic factors, capability of local governments, participation, and trust. This model is tested using exploratory factor analysis, and reliability analysis, and verified using interrelations analysis of the factors and regression analysis. The results reveal economic factors to have the biggest impact (β=.421), followed by trust (β=.273), while capability of local government (β=.097), and policy factors (β=.080), also have a statistically significant positive impact. On the basis of the results, ways for central and local government to support ILGC are identified.

Policy Transfer and Feedback from Domestic Stakeholders: The Korean Adaptation of Arts Council England

Changho Chung,Chisung Park,Mark Wilding 한국학술연구원 2016 Korea Observer Vol.47 No.2

Despite a growing interest in adaptation and indigenization in the process of policy transfer, less attention has been paid to communication with domestic stakeholders in borrower countries and its impact on policy success. This study aims to highlight how feedback from domestic stakeholders can be a vital part of the transfer process and the ways in which it can contribute to the policy transfer heuristic. The South Korean adaptation of Arts Council England is explored from two perspectives: (1) borrower — lender communication, and (2) borrower — stakeholder communication. Interviews with key transfer actors from the Korean side are drawn upon along with newspaper reports, National Assembly records and grey literature from government organizations in England and Korea. The findings reveal that, despite a clear understanding of the functioning of the English policy, the Korean government’s efforts were less successful due to disagreements arising from stakeholders’ interpretation of the arm’s length principle.