Original Article : Wheelchair martial arts practitioners have similar bone strength, sitting balance and self-esteem to healthy individuals

( Shirley S M Fong ),( Shamay S M Ng ),( Anthony O T Li ),( X Guo ) 물리치료재활과학회 2014 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.3 No.1

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the radial bone strength, sitting balance ability and global self esteem of wheelchair martial arts practitioners and healthy control participants. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Nine wheelchair martial art practitioners with physical disabilities and 28 able-bodied healthy individuals participated in the study. The bone strength of the distal radius was assessed using the Sunlight Mini-Omni Ultrasound Bone Sonometer; sitting balance was quantified using the modified functional reach test (with reference to a scale marked on the wall); and the self-administered Rosenberg self-esteem (RSE) scale was used to measure the global self-esteem of the participants. The velocity of the ultrasound wave (speed of sound, m/s) traveling through the outer surface of the radial bone was measured and was then converted into a T-score and a Z-score. These ultrasound T-score and Z-score that represent bone strength; the maximum forward reaching distance in sitting (cm) that represents sitting balance; and the RSE total self-esteem score that indicates global self-esteem were used for analysis. Results: The results revealed that there were no statistically significant between-group differences for radial bone strength, maximum forward reaching distance, or self-esteem outcomes. Conclusions: The wheelchair martial arts practitioners had similar radial bone strength, sitting balance performance and self-esteem to able-bodied healthy persons. Our results imply that wheelchair martial arts might improve bone strength, postural control and self-esteem in adult wheelchair users. This new sport-wheelchair martial arts-might be an exercise option for people with physical disabilities.

Wheelchair martial arts practitioners have similar bone strength, sitting balance and self-esteem to healthy individuals

Fong, Shirley S.M.,Ng, Shamay S.M.,Li, Anthony O.T.,Guo, X. korean Academy of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation 2014 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.3 No.1

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the radial bone strength, sitting balance ability and global self-esteem of wheelchair martial arts practitioners and healthy control participants. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Nine wheelchair martial art practitioners with physical disabilities and 28 able-bodied healthy individuals participated in the study. The bone strength of the distal radius was assessed using the Sunlight Mini-Omni Ultrasound Bone Sonometer; sitting balance was quantified using the modified functional reach test (with reference to a scale marked on the wall); and the self-administered Rosenberg self-esteem (RSE) scale was used to measure the global self-esteem of the participants. The velocity of the ultrasound wave (speed of sound, m/s) traveling through the outer surface of the radial bone was measured and was then converted into a T-score and a Z-score. These ultrasound T-score and Z-score that represent bone strength; the maximum forward reaching distance in sitting (cm) that represents sitting balance; and the RSE total self-esteem score that indicates global self-esteem were used for analysis. Results: The results revealed that there were no statistically significant between-group differences for radial bone-strength, maximum forward reaching distance, or self-esteem outcomes. Conclusions: The wheelchair martial arts practitioners had similar radial bone strength, sitting balance performance and self-esteem to able-bodied healthy persons. Our results imply that wheelchair martial arts might improve bone strength, postural control and self-esteem in adult wheelchair users. This new sport-wheelchair martial arts-might be an exercise option for people with physical disabilities.

<i>SPITZER</i>AND HEINRICH HERTZ TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF STARLESS CORES: MASSES AND ENVIRONMENTS

Stutz, Amelia M.,Rieke, George H.,Bieging, John H.,Balog, Zoltan,Heitsch, Fabian,Kang, Miju,Peters, William L.,Shirley, Yancy L.,Werner, Michael W. IOP Publishing 2009 The Astrophysical journal Vol.707 No.1

<P>We present Spitzer observations of a sample of 12 starless cores selected to have prominent 24 mu m shadows. The Spitzer images show 8 mu m and 24 mu m shadows and in some cases 70 mu m shadows; these spatially resolved absorption features trace the densest regions of the cores. We have carried out a (CO)-C-12 (2-1) and (CO)-C-13 (2-1) mapping survey of these cores with the Heinrich Hertz Telescope (HHT). We use the shadow features to derive optical depth maps. We derive molecular masses for the cores and the surrounding environment; we find that the 24 mu m shadow masses are always greater than or equal to the molecular masses derived in the same region, a discrepancy likely caused by CO freezeout onto dust grains. We combine this sample with two additional cores that we studied previously to bring the total sample to 14 cores. Using a simple Jeans mass criterion, we find that similar to 2/3 of the cores selected to have prominent 24 mu m shadows are collapsing or near collapse, a result that is supported by millimeter line observations. Of this subset at least half have indications of 70 mu m shadows. All cores observed to produce absorption features at 70 mu m are close to collapse. We conclude that 24 mu m shadows, and even more so the 70 mu m ones, are useful markers of cloud cores that are approaching collapse.</P>

Orofacial Injury and the Development of Acute PTSD

Glynn, Shirley M.,Asarnow, Joan R.,Robert Asarnow,Vivek Shetty,Elliott Brown, Karin A.,Edward Black,David Forney Korean Academy of Oral Biology and the UCLA Dental 1999 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.24 No.1

To examine the development of acute post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in inner-city, minority patients seeking care for orofacial injury were evaluated. Trained interviewers collected baseline data from one-hundred seventy-two patients seeking care for orofacial injury at an urban trauma center. Follow-up assessments of PTSD (DSM-IV criteria) and perceived impact of the injury on social functioning were repeated at one month post-injury. Patients were predominantly male and largely African-American or Hispanic. At the one month follow-up visit, 52 patients (30%) endorsed symptoms resulting from the facial injury consistent with a PTSD diagnosis. Significant predictors of the development of acute PTSD included older age and perceived life threat at the time of the incident. A substantial subsample of orofacial injury patients presenting to inner-city hospitals has negative psychological outcomes at one-month post-injury. Results underscore the potential utility of screening survivors of orofacial injury at urban trauma centers for PTSD by eliciting responses to a perceived life threat questions and developing systems of care that facilitate referral to appropriate psychological treatment.

COCCIDIOSIS CONTROL IN THE EUROPEAN UNION. CURRENT SITUATION AND FUTURE CHALLENGES

Marc Pagès,M. Dardi,M. de Gussem,J. Rubio,R. March,M. Shirley,D. Blake,E. del Cacho 한국가금학회 2012 한국가금학회 심포지움 Vol.2012 No.5

Avian coccidiosis is one of the most important diseases affecting the intensive poultry industry worldwide. Despite its outstanding importance and well-known relation with other factors that may influence the health status of the birds and its commercial performance, few studies are available on the distribution of Eimeria species in the field. In Europe the studies available until the present date are, Czech Republic(Kučera, 1990), France(Williams, 1996), UK(Chapman, 1982, Shirley 1995, Shirley 1997, Williams 2006, Eckert 1995), Norway(Haug, 2008)and Sweden(Thebo, 1998). Most of the published studies have been focused on identifying the seven species of Eimeria which affect Gallus gallus in a European country. However, the only survey that has been done exclusively with samples from broiler farms of Norway is Haug, 2008. In the present study, litter samples obtained in broiler farms from Spain, Belgium, Italy and France were evaluated for the presence of Eimeria species. The evaluation was done using a polymerase chain reaction(PCR) developed at IAH to specifically detect E.acervulina, E.maxima, E.mitis, E.praecox and E.tenella. Together with this molecular tool, oocyst counts and a morphometric evaluation test were also used to analyse the samples. Results obtained provide interesting data on the prevalence of species which affect the broiler birds in Europe as well as the percentage of farms with presence of each species. Together with prevalence data, rotation programs(anticoccidials-vaccines) appear to be of paramount importance to upgrade the flock performances. Data obtained in farms from the Netherlands confirms the advantage of using rotation programs with vaccines composed of Eimeria strains sensitive to anticoccidials.

Association analysis identifies 65 new breast cancer risk loci

Michailidou, Kyriaki,Lindströ,m, Sara,Dennis, Joe,Beesley, Jonathan,Hui, Shirley,Kar, Siddhartha,Lemaç,on, Audrey,Soucy, Penny,Glubb, Dylan,Rostamianfar, Asha,Bolla, Manjeet K.,Wang, Qin,Tyr Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nat 2017 Nature Vol.551 No.7678

<P>Breast cancer risk is influenced by rare coding variants in susceptibility genes, such as BRCA1, and many common, mostly non-coding variants. However, much of the genetic contribution to breast cancer risk remains unknown. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study of breast cancer in 122,977 cases and 105,974 controls of European ancestry and 14,068 cases and 13,104 controls of East Asian ancestry(1). We identified 65 new loci that are associated with overall breast cancer risk at P < 5 x 10(-8). The majority of credible risk single-nucleotide polymorphisms in these loci fall in distal regulatory elements, and by integrating in silico data to predict target genes in breast cells at each locus, we demonstrate a strong overlap between candidate target genes and somatic driver genes in breast tumours. We also find that heritability of breast cancer due to all single-nucleotide polymorphisms in regulatory features was 2-5-fold enriched relative to the genome-wide average, with strong enrichment for particular transcription factor binding sites. These results provide further insight into genetic susceptibility to breast cancer and will improve the use of genetic risk scores for individualized screening and prevention.</P>

Analysis of the Gait Characteristics and Usability after Wearable Exoskeleton Robot Gait Training in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Patients with Industrial Accidents: A Preliminary Study

배영현,Sung-Shin Kim,Anna Lee,Shirley S.M. Fong 물리치료재활과학회 2022 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.11 No.2

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate of the foot plantar pressure and usability after gait training using the ExoAtlet wearable exoskeleton robot in an incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) patient. Design: A case studyMethods: Six participants with an asymmetry in motor and sensory function completed the gait training using ExoAtlet wearable exoskeleton robot for 15 sessions, five per weeks, 4weeks. They were divided into two groups (low and high strength group) and group differences were evaluated about session at stating of gait, gait distance at final session and foot plantar pressures and useability after training. Results: Low strength group was faster than high strength group on adaptation of robot gait. And high strength group increased faster than low strength group on the gait distance during training. In standing and gait, weaker leg was higher than stronger leg on mean foot plantar pressure in low strength group. And stronger leg was higher than weaker leg on foot plantar pressure in high strength group. The length of the anterior-posterior trajectory of the center of pressure during gait was similar in low strength group, but different in high strength group. useability was positive about ExoAtlet wearable exoskeleton gait after training. Conclusions: ExoAtlet wearable exoskeleton robot gait training was positive about improving gait in all participants regardless of differences in severity of symptoms and gait abnormalities.

THE<i>SPITZER</i>C2D SURVEY OF NEARBY DENSE CORES. XI. INFRARED AND SUBMILLIMETER OBSERVATIONS OF CB130

Kim, Hyo Jeong,Evans II, Neal J.,Dunham, Michael M.,Chen, Jo-Hsin,Lee, Jeong-Eun,Bourke, Tyler L.,Huard, Tracy L.,Shirley, Yancy L.,De Vries, Christopher IOP Publishing 2011 The Astrophysical journal Vol.729 No.2

<P>We present new observations of the CB130 region composed of three separate cores. Using the Spitzer Space Telescope, we detected a Class 0 and a Class II object in one of these, CB130-1. The observed photometric data from Spitzer and ground-based telescopes are used to establish the physical parameters of the Class 0 object. Spectral energy distribution fitting with a radiative transfer model shows that the luminosity of the Class 0 object is 0.14-0.16 L-circle dot, which is low for a protostellar object. In order to constrain the chemical characteristics of the core having the low-luminosity object, we compare our molecular line observations to models of lines including abundance variations. We tested both ad hoc step function abundance models and a series of self-consistent chemical evolution models. In the chemical evolution models, we consider a continuous accretion model and an episodic accretion model to explore how variable luminosity affects the chemistry. The step function abundance models can match observed lines reasonably well. The best-fitting chemical evolution model requires episodic accretion and the formation of CO2 ice from CO ice during the low-luminosity periods. This process removes C from the gas phase, providing a much improved fit to the observed gas-phase molecular lines and the CO2 ice absorption feature. Based on the chemical model result, the low luminosity of CB130-1 is explained better as a quiescent stage between episodic accretion bursts rather than being at the first hydrostatic core stage.</P>

Effect of Varenicline on Tardive Dyskinesia: A Pilot Study

Stanley N. Caroff,Alisa R. Gutman,John Northrop,Shirley H. Leong,Rosalind M. Berkowitz,E. Cabrina Campbell 대한정신약물학회 2021 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.19 No.2

Objective: Although evidence implicates striatal cholinergic impairment as a mechanism underlying tardive dyskinesia, trials of nonspecific cholinergic agents have been inconclusive. As a partial agonist at specific nicotinic receptor sub-types, varenicline reduces drug-induced dyskinesias in animal models suggesting promise as a treatment for tardive dyskinesia. Methods: Three schizophrenia patients with tardive dyskinesia who were smokers underwent an open trial of varenicline. After a 2-week baseline, subjects received varenicline 1 mg twice daily. Changes from baseline on the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale were measured after a 4-week varenicline stabilization period, and 6 weeks after the smoking quit date in one patient. Results: Varenicline had no effect on mean Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale scores after 4 weeks. Although smok-ing decreased after 4 weeks on varenicline and diminished further in one patient after 10 weeks, this also appeared to have no effect on ratings of tardive dyskinesia. Conclusion: In contrast to animal models, no significant change in tardive dyskinesia occurred in response to varenicline replacement in three schizophrenia patients. Further investigations of cholinergic mechanisms in tardive dyskinesia are worthwhile as agents for specific cholinergic targets become available for treatment. In addition, treatment trials of tardive dyskinesia should control for smoking status, while patients on antipsychotics receiving nicotine replacement therapies for smoking should be studied further for changes in movement.

Identification of ten variants associated with risk of estrogen-receptor-negative breast cancer

Milne, Roger L,Kuchenbaecker, Karoline B,Michailidou, Kyriaki,Beesley, Jonathan,Kar, Siddhartha,Lindströ,m, Sara,Hui, Shirley,Lemaç,on, Audrey,Soucy, Penny,Dennis, Joe,Jiang, Xia,Rostamianfa Nature Pub. Co 2017 Nature genetics Vol.49 No.12

<P>Most common breast cancer susceptibility variants have been identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of predominantly estrogen receptor (ER)-positive disease(1). We conducted a GWAS using 21,468 ER-negative cases and 100,594 controls combined with 18,908 BRCA1 mutation carriers (9,414 with breast cancer), all of European origin. We identified independent associations at P < 5 x 10(-8) with ten variants at nine new loci. At P < 0.05, we replicated associations with 10 of 11 variants previously reported in ER-negative disease or BRCA1 mutation carrier GWAS and observed consistent associations with ER-negative disease for 105 susceptibility variants identified by other studies. These 125 variants explain approximately 16% of the familial risk of this breast cancer subtype. There was high genetic correlation (0.72) between risk of ER-negative breast cancer and breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers. These findings may lead to improved risk prediction and inform further fine-mapping and functional work to better understand the biological basis of ER-negative breast cancer.</P>