Care-giving and Freedom

Huck-ju Kwon,Siyeon Won 한국정책분석평가학회 2009 한국정책분석평가학회 학술대회발표논문집 Vol.2009 No.4

Time constraint is one of the most important disadvantages for care-givers within households since care-giving is time-intensive work. Less freedom of care-givers due to time constraints at present may also lead to less freedom in the future since time-use at present may be the basis for capability in the future. In this context, this study will examine the time metrics of care-giving within the Korean households from the perspective of freedom. It will try to answer, first, who give care to the family members in need of care, and secondly how caregivers spend time in terms of care-giving and other activities of daily life such as work, and leisure. This study will approach to these questions from the viewpoint of human capability, and will use data from the Korean Time-use Survey in 2004. This paper argues that care-givers are faced with ‘care-trap’ which gives care-givers not only time disadvantage at present but also constraints on capability accumulation for the future. Regarding female care-givers, those who spend more time on care do more housekeeping work. This further reduces their opportunity freedom.

환경정책

Huck Ju Kwon 한국행정학회 1999 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.1999 No.-

Special Symposium : Economic Crises and the Welfare State in Korea: Reforms and Future Challenges

( Huck Ju Kwon ),( Grami Dong ),( Hyun Gyung Moon ) 서울대학교 행정대학원 2010 Journal of Policy Studies Vol.25 No.1

Transition from the Developmental State: The Deliberative Policy Process of Civil Service Pension Reform in Korea

( Huck Ju Kwon ),( Eun Ju Kim ) 서울대학교 행정대학원 2011 Journal of Policy Studies Vol.26 No.3

This paper examines three recent efforts to reform Korea`s Civil Service Pension Program, in order to trace the changing policy process in Korea, where the policy regime of the developmental state used to be predominant. It has been argued that the government no longer has overwhelming influence over the policy-making process, while social actors are not able to compromise on social issues. This paper aims to test the hypotheses of the decline of government influence and the inability to reach social compromise, focusing on stakeholders` interactions at the micro Level. It argues that a new deliberative policy process has emerged that engages a range of stakeholders, such as trade unions and policy experts, and in which different government ministries compete against each other. The paradox of the new policy process is that despite its deliberative nature, the government`s strategic influence continues to be strong.

Implications of Korea`s Saemaul Undong for International Development Policy: A Structural Perspective

( Huck Ju Kwon ) 서울대학교 행정대학원 2010 Journal of Policy Studies Vol.25 No.3

Development strategies based on neoliberal theories and good governance have failed to achieved clear outcomes. This paper examines the Saemaul Undong movement in Korea with the contention that it can provide a missing link between market- and state-oriented development policy. Saemaul Undong contributed to social and economic development in Korea not only as a self-help community movement but also as a mechanism of social inclusion. Its success was based on a social structure that was made more open to upward mobility by the land reform of the 1950s. A negative aspect of Saemaul Undong is that it was promoted by the government to mobilize political support for authoritarian President Park Chung Hee. In order to draw policy implications from Saemaul Undong for international development, it is necessary to consider the social and political context of the developing countries under consideration.

Delivering unemployment benefits in the developmental welfare state : The case of Korea

Huck-ju Kwon,Jooha Lee 한국국정관리학회 2010 한국국정관리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

We have witnessed the growth of the developmental welfare state in Korea for the last decade. While it maintains the developmental orientation in the overall structure, the developmental welfare state introduced a range of programmes to protect those who had been left outside. This paper has examined how such continuity and change were reflected at the local level of implementation where policy objectives are achieved in practice, focusing on the Employment Insurance Programme. This chapter analyses two waves of interviews, the first with local officials in 2005 and the second with unemployment recipients in 2010. All in all, our analysis presents a mixed picture. There has been a steady progress in terms of the range of social protection but in terms of inclusion and equal access to welfare falls short of achieving the new policy goals, protecting the unemployed. Nevertheless it is true that there has been positive development in these fronts as well. If there are continual policy efforts to address these short-falls, the developmental welfare state will be more inclusive while maintaining its developmental credentials.

Policy Options for International Development Cooperation in the COVID Pandemic: A Global Perspective

Huck-ju Kwon 국제개발협력학회 2020 국제개발협력연구 Vol.12 No.3

영국 복지개혁의 소득재분배 효과 : 쎄처 정부시기를 중심으로 (1979-1991)

권혁주 ( Huck Ju Kwon ) 한국행정학회 1998 韓國行政學報 Vol.32 No.1

이 글에서는 쎄처 정부 시기의 복지국가 개혁정책을 분석하고 그것이 국가 재정규모와 소득재분배에 끼친 영향이 무엇인가를 재정추이 분석 및 계층적 소득분배 분석을 통해 검토하고자 한다. 이러한 작업을 통하여 보수당의 복지국가 개혁정책의 결과는 무엇이고 정치적으로는 어떠한 성격을 띠고 있는지를 파악하여 보기로 한다. 보수당은 신자유주의 이념을 기초로 국가의 재정규모 축소를 추구하였고, 더욱이 복지예산은 재정지출에서 가장 큰 비중을 차지하고 있어, 보수당 개혁정책의 기본노선으로 설정될 수밖에 없었다. 보수당의 복지개혁을 재정 면에서 평가하면, 정부의 차입금 규모가 축소되어 어느 정도 재정의 건전성을 확보했지만 쎄처가 내세우듯이 급진적(radical)인 재정축소를 창출하지는 못했다. 그러나 보수당의 개혁정책은 소득분배 구조에 중대한 영향을 끼쳤다. 전체적으로 소득분배 구조에 불평등 심화를 초래하였으며, 재분배의 측면에서 최상위 계층은 가장 유리한 결과를 얻은 반면 최저 소득층 및 중위, 중상위 계층은 과거에 배해 적은 몫을 배분 받았다. 결론적으로 쎄처의 복지개혁은 국가재정의 건전성을 향상시키었으나 그 규모를 급진적으로 축소하는 데에는 실패한 반면, 재분배 과정에서는 최상위 소득계층에 가장 유리한 결과를 창출한 보수적 정치편향을 보여주었다.

사회보장과 노동시장의 유연성 / 제 1 주제 사회정책과 고용 : 토론

권혁주(Huck Ju Kwon) 한국사회보장학회 2000 2000년 추계학술회의 <사회보장과 노동시장의 유연성> Vol.- No.-

환율변동이 우리나라 외항선사의 수익성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

양혁준 ( Huck Jun Yang ),이기환 ( Ki Hwan Lee ),김명희 ( Myoung Hee Kim ) 한국해운물류학회(구 한국해운학회) 2015 해운물류연구 Vol.31 No.2

본 연구는 2002~2013년 기간 중 총 55개 국내 외항 해운기업의 매출액영업이익률에 환율변동이 미치는 영향을 전체기간, 글로벌금융위기 이전기간(2002~2007), 글로벌금융위기 이후 기간(2008~2013)으로 분류하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과 해운산업 또한 전체 제조기업을 대상으로 한 대다수의 연구와 마찬가지로 환율상승이 해운기업의 수익성에 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 하지만 글로벌 금융위기 이전 기간의 경우는 환율변동률 추정치가 유의적으로 나타났으나 전체기간과 글로벌금융위기 이후 기간과는 상반되게 환율의 상승으로 인한 수익성이 부의 관계를 보이고 있다. 이러한 결과는 해당 기간의 경우 해운산업의 최고 호황기로 인해 영업이익의 증가에도 불구하고 원/달러 환율의 지속적인 하락으로 인한 것으로 분석된다. This study investigates the impact of exchange rates fluctuation on Korean ocean-going shipping firm``s performance during the period of 2002~2013 through comparing pre-global financial crisis period(2002~2007) with post-global financial crisis period(2008~2013) using 55 firms. In order to examine the change of the operating income to sales of Korean ocean-going shipping companies according to exchange rates fluctuation, non-operating profit and loss were excluded in this study. Company``s operating margin measured by the operating income to sales is used as a dependent variable and the exchange rate fluctuation is employed as a major independent variable. Utilizing panel data on Korean ocean-going shipping companies, the impact of exchange rates fluctuation on the profit of shipping companies will be empirically examined. The important results of this empirical analysis are as follows. First, this study reveals that the operation performances of Korean ocean-going shipping companies was improved according to the appreciation of Korean Won/US dollar exchange rates between 2002 and 2013 and during the post-global financial crisis period(2008~2013). These results were in line with the findings of several other studies regarding the manufacturing enterprises. Second, it is found that the findings during the pre-global financial crisis period(2002~2007) are different from the results of the whole period and post-global financial crisis period. That is, during the super-cycle period(2003~the first half of 2008), despite of the fall of Korean Won/US dollar exchange rates, operating margin of Korean ocean-going shipping companies was increased continuously. This different result could be explained by super-cycle in shipping industry to have shown the peak in the shipping business. Third, comparing to the period of post-global financial crisis, the whole period shows that significance level is lower and regression coefficient estimate of Won/US dollar exchange rate variable become smaller. This means that the impact of the exchange rate change on operating margin of Korean ocean-going shipping companies during the post-global financial crisis is greater than the whole period. This result could be explained because of the rapid increasing of the exchange rate since the second-half of 2008. That is, the exchange rate of Korean Won to US dollar was fallen continuously, however, since the global crisis of 2008, the greater changes of exchange rate would have an impact on the operating margin of Korean ocean-going shipping companies. Lastly, the coefficient of seaborne trade(SBT) which is one of the explanatory variables is found to be significant. This could be interpreted as a result that the company``s profitability is improved by the increasing in SBT. Additionally, both tonnage(TON) and total debt/total asset(DEBT) are also significant with showing negative signs. This could be explained by the increasing in the SBT and DEBT to have made the profitability of the company decrease. However, during the pre-global financial crisis period, the coefficient of TON showed a positive sign. This might be explained that in spite of the increasing of the tonnage, the operating profit of the shipping companies has been increased consistently in this period.