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Lerner, Mitchell B.,Matsunaga, Felipe,Han, Gang Hee,Hong, Sung Ju,Xi, Jin,Crook, Alexander,Perez-Aguilar, Jose Manuel,Park, Yung Woo,Saven, Jeffery G.,Liu, Renyu,Johnson, A. T. Charlie American Chemical Society 2014 NANO LETTERS Vol.14 No.5
<P/><P>We have developed a novel, all-electronic biosensor for opioids that consists of an engineered μ-opioid receptor protein, with high binding affinity for opioids, chemically bonded to a graphene field-effect transistor to read out ligand binding. A variant of the receptor protein that provided chemical recognition was computationally redesigned to enhance its solubility and stability in an aqueous environment. A shadow mask process was developed to fabricate arrays of hundreds of graphene transistors with average mobility of ∼1500 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>–1</SUP> s<SUP>–1</SUP> and yield exceeding 98%. The biosensor exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity for the target naltrexone, an opioid receptor antagonist, with a detection limit of 10 pg/mL.</P>
Lerner, Zachary F.,Damiano, Diane L.,Hyung-Soon Park,Gravunder, Andrew J.,Bulea, Thomas C. IEEE 2017 IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilita Vol.25 No.6
<P>Crouch gait, a pathological pattern of walking characterized by excessive knee flexion, is one of the most common gait disorders observed in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Effective treatment of crouch during childhood is critical to maintain mobility into adulthood, yet current interventions do not adequately alleviate crouch in most individuals. Powered exoskeletons provide an untapped opportunity for intervention. The multiple contributors to crouch, including spasticity, contracture, muscle weakness, and poor motor control make design and control of such devices challenging in this population. To our knowledge, no evidence exists regarding the feasibility or efficacy of utilizing motorized assistance to alleviate knee flexion in crouch gait. Here, we present the design of and first results from a powered exoskeleton for extension assistance as a treatment for crouch gait in children with CP. Our exoskeleton, based on the architecture of a knee-ankle-foot orthosis, is lightweight (3.2 kg) and modular. On board sensors enable knee extension assistance to be provided during distinct phases of the gait cycle. We tested our device on one six-year-old male participant with spastic diplegia from CP. Our results show that the powered exoskeleton improved knee extension during stance by 18.1° while total knee range of motion improved 21.0°. Importantly, we observed no significant decrease in knee extensor muscle activity, indicating the user did not rely solely on the exoskeleton to extend the limb. These results establish the initial feasibility of robotic exoskeletons for treatment of crouch and provide impetus for continued investigation of these devices with the aim of deployment for long term gait training in this population.</P>
The Domestic Origins of the Second Korean War: New Evidence from Communist Bloc Archives
( Mitchell Lerner ) 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 2018 Seoul journal of Korean studies Vol.31 No.1
In the late 1960s, the Korean Peninsula suddenly exploded with a violence not seen since the end of the Korean War, driven by a sudden wave of North Korea aggression that culminated in January 1968 with the attempted assassination of Park Chung Hee and the capture of the USS Pueblo. For decades, scholars have struggled to understand this crisis, as they lacked access to materials that could open a window into DPRK policy. Only now, with the recent release of new materials collected from the archives of the Communist bloc nations, can we begin to understand the critical events of the Second Korean War and the larger environment that surrounded it. This paper integrates the most recent materials from former Communist bloc states to revisit our understanding of this dangerous situation, and to suggest that it was driven above all else by domestic political and economic circumstances inside North Korea.
SPECIAL EDUCATION IN SOUTH KOREA
( Janet W. Lerner ),( Carol Burns ),( Byung Ha Kim ),( Kun Yong Rhee ) 대구대학교 한국특수교육문제연구소 2014 Asia-Pacific Journal of Intellectual Disabilities Vol.1 No.2
Daegu University has enjoyed a long and remarkable history of special education. Daegu University is large University located in Daegu, South Korea, a large city in South Korea that is south of Seoul. Since the 1970`s, South Korea has achieved unusual and comprehensive growth in its economy, and the field of special education continued to thrive as well. While the Korean government was taking a leading role in the economic growth of South Korea, the special education of children with disabilities was mostly led by private sectors. A detailed and comprehensive history of Special Education at Daegu University appears in two websites. (In Korean, the website is www. deagu.ac.kr. In English, the website is http://eng.daegu.ac.kr). We were not able to include all of this extensive history in this article of the Journal. Instead, this brief article highlights only some of the key events. This article describes: (1) the history of special education at Daegu University in South Korea; (2) the influence of special education at Daegu University on the development of special education throughout South Korea; (3) development of a post-secondary program in cooperation with the PACE program at National Louis University in the United States.
대학생들의 심리사회적 발달과 자기효율성에 관한 비교문화적 연구 : 한국과 미국 대학생들을 중심으로
장휘숙,Jacqueline Lerner 한국인간발달학회 1995 人間發達硏究 Vol.- No.2
이 연구는 한국과 미국 대학생들의 심리사회적 발달을 비교하고 청년후기의 정체감 형성에 중요한 직업, 종교, 그리고 정치에 대한 개인의 자기효율성에서의 양국 대학생들을 비교한 동서양문화간의 비교문화적 연구이다. 양국 대학생들의 차이를 검증하기 위해서 Rosenthal 등(1981)의 EPSI(Erikson Psychosoclal Inventory Scale)를 사용하여 심리사회적 발달을 측정하고, 직업, 종교, 정치에 대한 개인의 자기효율성을 묻는 질문지를 구성하였다. 분석결과, 미국 대학생들이 한국 대학생들보다 EPSI의 모든 하위척도(신뢰성, 자율성, 선도성, 근면성, 정체감, 친밀성)에서 더 높은 심리사회적 발달을 이루고 있었다. 또한 미국 여학생들의 심리사회적 발달이 가장 높고 그 다음이 미국 남자대학생, 한국 남자대학생, 그리고 한국 여자대학생의 순으로 심리사회적 발달이 이루어지고 있어 전통적인 성역할 정형과 일치하지 않았다. 또한 학년이 높아질수록 심리사회적 발달에서 높은 점수를 획득하였다. 대조적으로 직업, 종교, 정치에 대한 대학생들의 자기효율성에서는 국가간에 차이가 없었고 고학년들이 저학년들보다 더 높은 자기 효율성을 나타내었으며 직업과 정치에 대해서는 남학생들이 여학생들보다 더 높은 자기효율성을 나타내었다. 동시에 높은 자기효율성을 지니고 있는 사람들이 낮은 자기효율성을 지니고 있는 사람들보다 정체감 하위척도에서 더 높은 점수를 얻음으로써 청년후기에 높은 수준의 정체감을 획득하기 위해서는 직업, 종교, 정치에 대한 개인의 자기효율성이 높은 수준을 유지할 수 있어야 한다는 것을 제시하였다. 또한, 한국 대학생들의 경우에는 자율성이 그리고 미국 대학생들의 경우에는 정체감과 근면성이 3가지 자기효율성에 대해 가장 큰 설명량을 갖는 EPSI 요인들이었다.
Alexander Pervikov,Marat Lerner,Konstantin Krukovskii 한국물리학회 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.2
This work studies the impact of the size of grains/crystallites on the structural characteristics of the nanoparticles formed as a result of the electric explosion of wires. The temporal dependencies of the current and voltage in the conditions of EEW experiments were analyzed. It was concluded that an increase in the grain/crystallite size does not result in a significant change in the electric resistance of the wires that are in solid state. It was demonstrated that an increase in the grain/crystallite size does not result in an increase in the average nanoparticle size. The structure of the nanoparticles with the size between 80 and 110 nm is close to a monocrystalline one. This data allows for making an assertion that certain models suggested in research papers to explain non-equilibrium phase transitions cannot be applied when describing the electric explosion of wires.