T-RFLP reveals high &bgr;-Proteobacteria diversity in microbial fuel cells enriched with domestic wastewater

Lefebvre, O.,Ha Nguyen, T.T.,Al-Mamun, A.,Chang, I.S.,Ng, H.Y. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 Journal of applied microbiology Vol.109 No.3

<P>Abstract</P><P>Aims: </P><P>To assess the biodiversity of a large number of microbial fuel cell (MFC) anodes from a variety of MFC designs, all enriched with domestic wastewater, using a molecular fingerprinting method.</P><P>Methods and Results: </P><P>We optimized a protocol allowing the rapid characterization of MFC communities using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) with two different sets of primers and a varying number of restriction enzymes. This protocol was further validated by direct comparison with bacterial clone libraries. Twenty-one MFC anodes were analysed by T-RFLP. We also provided a statistical comparison with other bacterial communities from environments sharing common features.</P><P>Conclusions: </P><P>Bacterial communities were dominated by &bgr;-Proteobacteria, mostly belonging to the Burkholderiales order, that are known to play an active role in the cycle of metals such as iron and manganese. This property may allow them to properly pass electrons to the anode of an MFC.</P><P>Significance and Impact of the Study: </P><P>Unlike other groups, &bgr;-Proteobacteria have seldom been acknowledged as potentially efficient electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) in MFCs. Yet, they are plentiful in natural environments like biocorrosion biofilms and acid mine drainages that consequently show some potential for MFC enrichment.</P>

Microbial fuel cells for energy self-sufficient domestic wastewater treatment—a review and discussion from energetic consideration

Lefebvre, Olivier,Uzabiaga, Arnaud,Chang, In Seop,Kim, Byung-Hong,Ng, How Yong Springer-Verlag 2011 Applied microbiology and biotechnology Vol.89 No.2

The Structure of Firms, Information Technology and Regional Development

Lefebvre, Olivier 淸州大學校 都市·地域開發硏究所 2000 都市·地域開發硏究 Vol.8 No.1

기업 구조와 정보는 밀접한 관계가 있다. 기업은 혁신을 위해서 정보가 필요하다. 그러한 정보를 이용하는 방식은 기업 구조에 따라 차이가 있다. 본 논문에서는 세 개의 기업 모델을 제시하고 정보 기술을 이용하는 방식을 설명하고자 한다. 기업 A는 전통적인 미국형 기업의 모델로서, 유럽의 여러 기업들도 해당된다. 이 유형의 기업들은 기업운영에 필요한 모든 자원 시장의 변화에 잘 적응해 나간다. 또한 이런 기업 모델에서 여러 계열 기업을 거느리기도 한다. 이런 기업 유형의 강점은 급변하는 (범세계적) 기업 환경에 대처하는 유연성과 추진 기획에 대한 합리적 선정과 금융지원이다. 기업 J는 일본형 기업의 모델로서, 지속적인 고용과 안정적인 협력업체와의 관계가 주요특징이다. 이런 기업 유형의 강점은 소지역적인 기업 환경 변화에 대처하는 유연성과 안정적인 조건이 갖추어질 때의 급속한 성장이다. 일본과 한국의 전통적인 기업들이 그 예가 된다. 신생 기업(Start-ups)은 혁신적인 추진 기획에 바탕을 둔 벤처기업을 말한다. 이들 기업에게는 기업간의 협력은 많지 않으며, 기획 추진에 위험 부담을 안고 있다. 어떤 기업은 홀로 잘 살아 남지만, 어떤 기업은 대기업에 의해 인수되기도 한다. 이러한 세 개의 기업구조를 정보기술과 지리적인 관점에서 보면 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있다. (1) 기업 A는 실제적으로 전 세계에 협력업체를 가지고 있다. 그렇지만 인터넷 기반사업의 성공여부는 좀더 검토해 볼 필요가 있다. 물품을 구매하고 판매하는 데에는 기업 조직적인 측면과 운송체계와 같은 지리적인 측면이 있다. 기업 A는 Intranet을 업무조정과 생산관리에 이용하며, Extranet은 협력업체와의 연결에 이용하며, Internet은 기업홍보, 신입사원모집, 전자상거래, 경제정보획득에 이용하고 있다. (2) 기업 J는 그 기업을 가진 국가에는 유리한 기업 구조이다. 그 지역에는 평생 고용의 개념과 안정적인 협력 기업들이 존재한다. 그러나 전 세계적인 기업 환경 변화에는 잘 대처하지 못하고 있다 기업 J에서 Intranet은 업무조정과 생산공정관리 및 인사관리에 이용하며, Extranet은 고정된 협력업체와의 연결에 이용하며, Internet은 기업홍보와 전자상거래에 주로 이용하고 있다. (3) 신생 기업들은 주로 특정한 지역에 입지한다. 실리콘 밸리가 가장 좋은 예이다. 그러나 한국 등의 신생 기업들의 경우 자금난으로 미국의 자본을 유치하거나 경영권을 넘기는 문제점이 있다. 이 기업들은 Intranet을 통해서 직원간에 전문화된 정보를 공유하는 특징이 있다. 외부 업체와의 협력은 미약하여 Extranet은 잘 활용되지 않는다. Internet은 기업주가 벤처기업 운영에 관한 정보를 얻는데 활용이 된다. 모든 기업들은 다양한 방법으로 정보통신망을 이용할 것이다. 특히 한국은 기업구조조정의 과도기에 있다. 어떤 재벌은 자생 능력을 상실하여 미국의 기업들이 그 계열 기업들을 인수하고 있다. 또한 한국에도 많은 신생 기업들도 나타나고 있다. 정보 기술은 이러한 과도기의 구조조정에 도움을 줄 것이다.

Processing and Properties of Steel Foam Sandwiches

Lefebvre Louis-Philippe,Gauthier Maxime,Baril Eric,Voizelle Benoit 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

Metallic foams have a combination of attractive properties such as high specific mechanical properties and good energy absorption characteristics. This paper presents the properties of steel foam sandwiches produced using powder metallurgy approach. Metallic powder, solid polymeric binder and a foaming agent are dry-mixed and molded into the desired shape. The molded powder mix is then heat-treated to foam, debind and sinter the material. The resulting material has an open cell structure with high porosity. The structure and properties of sandwiches specimens produced with the process are presented and discussed.

Surgery for Laryngopharyngeal SCC in the Era of Organ Preservation

Jean Louis Lefebvre 대한이비인후과학회 2009 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.2 No.4

Over the past decades, randomized clinical trials have assessed and validated the concept of larynx preservation. This new concept has obviously modified the treatment algorithm for laryngopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. However surgery for larynx and hypopharynx cancer remains indicated in many cases. Initial partial surgery is indicated for early diseases. This surgery may be performed endoscopically or openly. The results are excellent in terms of local control and function. Transoral robotic surgery is under evaluation. Initial radical surgery is indicated for advanced diseases in case of very infiltrative tumor, in case of cartilage destruction or when tolerance and/or compliance to chemotherapy-based approached is questionable. Larynx preservation is to be discussed between these two situations. In randomized trials evaluating the different larynx preservation strategies, a substantial number of larynxes could be preserved without compromising disease control or survival. The best approach in terms of quality of function preservation, overall acute and late toxicity, disease control and survival is still a matter of clinical research. It must be stressed that salvage surgery is a definite part of these larynx preservation protocols in order to maintain the ultimate disease control. This discussion underscored the need of a multidisciplinary decision making and the need of a coordinated clinical research. Over the past decades, randomized clinical trials have assessed and validated the concept of larynx preservation. This new concept has obviously modified the treatment algorithm for laryngopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. However surgery for larynx and hypopharynx cancer remains indicated in many cases. Initial partial surgery is indicated for early diseases. This surgery may be performed endoscopically or openly. The results are excellent in terms of local control and function. Transoral robotic surgery is under evaluation. Initial radical surgery is indicated for advanced diseases in case of very infiltrative tumor, in case of cartilage destruction or when tolerance and/or compliance to chemotherapy-based approached is questionable. Larynx preservation is to be discussed between these two situations. In randomized trials evaluating the different larynx preservation strategies, a substantial number of larynxes could be preserved without compromising disease control or survival. The best approach in terms of quality of function preservation, overall acute and late toxicity, disease control and survival is still a matter of clinical research. It must be stressed that salvage surgery is a definite part of these larynx preservation protocols in order to maintain the ultimate disease control. This discussion underscored the need of a multidisciplinary decision making and the need of a coordinated clinical research.

연구발표논문초록 ( 에너지 · 환경 (Ⅰ) ) : 역확산을 이용한 당밀에서의 염제거

이정학(C . H . LEE),R . A . Johnson(R . A . Johnson),M . S . Lefebvre(M . S . Lefebvre) 한국화학공학회 1988 춘계학술발표회 Vol.- No.-

Acupuncture as a Complementary Therapy for Cancer Care: Acceptability and Preferences of Patients and Informal Caregivers

Laura Tack,Tessa Lefebvre,Virginie Blieck,Lieselot Cool,Hans Pottel,Koen Van Eygen,Sofie Derijcke,Philippe Vergauwe,Patricia Schofield,Rebecca Chandler,Pauline Lane,Tom Boterberg,Philip R. Debruyne 사단법인약침학회 2021 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.14 No.2

Background: Acupuncture can effectively manage cancer-related side effects, for both patients undergoing treatment and for cancer survivors. It may also be effective in managing physiological and psychological symptoms common among informal caregivers of cancer patients. Objectives: The aim of this survey was to explore the acceptability and preferences of cancer patients, cancer survivors, and their informal caregivers in relation to acupuncture. Methods: The survey was conducted from 20 th November to 27 th November 2018. The questionnaire was developed to explore acceptability and preferences, including motivation, symptoms to be addressed, and practical issues (location, cost, etc.), in relation to acupuncture. Results: The survey response rate was 94.5% in cancer patients and cancer survivors and 100% in caregivers. Acceptability of acupuncture was 34.5% (n = 40/116) and 48.0% (n = 26/54) in cancer patients and caregivers, respectively. About 52.5% (n = 21/40) of patients preferred to undergo acupuncture at the day center clinic, whereas caregivers had no specific preference. Patients and cancer survivors would use acupuncture for symptoms of fatigue (60%), listlessness (57.5%), and pain (47.5%). Informal caregivers expressed an interest in using acupuncture for their pain, stress, and sleeping difficulties 48.0% (n = 26/54). Conclusion: Cancer patients, cancer survivors, and informal caregivers would accept acupuncture as a complementary therapy. This openness and preference to acupuncture provide the foundations for this complementary therapy to be incorporated into holistic and supportive cancer care, both for patients and those supporting them.

Extension of the NEAMS workbench to parallel sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of thermal hydraulic parameters using Dakota and Nek5000

Delchini, Marc-Olivier G.,Swiler, Laura P.,Lefebvre, Robert A. Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.10

With the increasing availability of high-performance computing (HPC) platforms, uncertainty quantification (UQ) and sensitivity analyses (SA) can be efficiently leveraged to optimize design parameters of complex engineering problems using modeling and simulation tools. The workflow involved in such studies heavily relies on HPC resources and hence requires pre-processing and post-processing capabilities of large amounts of data along with remote submission capabilities. The NEAMS Workbench addresses all aspects of the workflows involved in these studies by relying on a user-friendly graphical user interface and a python application program interface. This paper highlights the NEAMS Workbench capabilities by presenting a semiautomated coupling scheme between Dakota and any given package integrated with the NEAMS Workbench, yielding a simplified workflow for users. This new capability is demonstrated by running a SA of a turbulent flow in a pipe using the open-source Nek5000 CFD code. A total of 54 jobs were run on a HPC platform using the remote capabilities of the NEAMS Workbench. The results demonstrate that the semiautomated coupling scheme involving Dakota can be efficiently used for UQ and SA while keeping scripting tasks to a minimum for users. All input and output files used in this work are available in https://code.ornl.gov/neams-workbench/dakota-nek5000-study.

COMPUTING ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION IN DUCTS CARRYING A COMPLEX THREE DIMENSIONAL FLOW

Samuel Rodriguez,Vincent Gibiat,Stephane Guilain,Alain Lefebvre 한국소음진동공학회 2008 한국소음진동공학회 국제학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.7

Quantitative assessment of systolic and diastolic right ventricular function by echocardiography and speckle-tracking imaging: a prospective study in 104 dogs

Valérie Chetboul,Cécile Damoiseaux,Hervé P. Lefebvre,Didier Concordet,Loic Desquilbet,Vassiliki Gouni,Camille Poissonnier,Jean-Louis Pouchelon,Renaud Tissier 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.5

Our aim was (1) to determine the within-day and between-day variability of several indices of systolic and diastolic right ventricular (RV) function by using conventional echocardiography and speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) (Study 1), (2) to quantify these variables in a large healthy canine population (n = 104) with Doppler-derived estimated systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (SPAP) and left ventricular (LV) function, and (3) to establish the corresponding reference intervals (Study 2). For both studies, RV variables included tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), right fractional area change (RFAC), STE longitudinal systolic strain (StS) of the RV free wall (RVFW) and of the entire RV (i.e., global RV StS), STE longitudinal systolic RVFW strain rate (SRS), and the diastolic early:late strain rate ratio. All but one within- and between-day coefficients of variation (13/14) were < 15%, the lowest being observed for TAPSE (3.6–9.8%), global RV StS (3.8–9.9%), and RVFW StS (3.7–7.3%). SPAP was weakly and negatively correlated with the TAPSE:body weight ratio (rs = –0.26, p = 0.01) and RVFW SRS (rs = –0.23, p < 0.05). Reference intervals (lower and upper limits with 90% confidence intervals) were provided for all variables. STE provides a non-invasive evaluation of RV function that may be used for clinical investigations in canine cardiology.